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Patterns of alcohol use among women on parental leave living in Prague
Vodičková, Ludmila ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Doležalová, Pavla (referee)
Backround: Research shows that drinking among women on parental leave is a serious social problem. Women on parental leave can be considered as a group which is vulnerable to addictive behavior. Aims: The aim of this work was to map the situation of alkohol use among women on parental leave living in Prague. There have been set four research questions: 1. What is the prevalence of alcohol use among women in the sample? 2. Do the women on parental leave change their drinking habits over time? 3. Do the women on parental leave feel that parenting is kind of protection against drinking too much alcohol or, on the contrary, they feel that it could be risk factor which can lead to drinking? 4. What are the patterns of alcohol use for women on parental leave in Prague? Methods: Data for research part of this work was obtained using a quantitative questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among respondents via the internet. The sample of respondents was conducted through method of self-selection. The results were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics in excel. Results: Results which we have obtained are showing us, that patterns of drinking alcohol among women from the research sample did change over time. Prevalence of drinking alcohol was the highest before pregnancy. During that time there...
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Barriers to accessing treatment
Šimonová, Tereza ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Pavlovská, Amalie (referee)
of the thesis Introduction: The topic of those who have been victims of human trafficking and who are also addicted to drugs is something not yet deeply investigated. The prevetion, intervention and social services for those who are both drug addicts and victims of human trafficking should be based on good knowledge of the situation each of thier particular needs. Helping organizations for this population of people report that from thier expereinces, this is a situation that continues to become more problematic. It is important to be aware of these situations in order to improve them. Victims of human trafficking who also struggle with drug addiction is a situation that deals with many types of needs. It is important to understand each of those comprehensively to fully help the people to return to a social life. Claim: The aim of this work is to describe the various barriers that people face when looking to access addiction rehabilitation centers. This work is from the point-of-view of the victims of human trafficking as well as from the professionals who work with those victims. The aim of the work is to examine how both the professional and victim look at all parts of the issues of barriers. Methods: Quality research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with human traffick victims and...
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Art therapy possibilities in a process of treating drug addiction of a person with posttraumatic stress disorder
Pecuchová, Gabriela ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Nevoralová, Monika (referee)
The dissertation's subject matter is focused on a definition of art therapy possibilities in a process of treating drug addiction of a person with posttraumatic stress disorder. The theoretical part aims to define the basic information concerning given dual diagnosis and also to reveal the specifics of mentioned mental disorders' relation. In a following part, the dissertation details individual possibilities of art therapy and its influences on already obtained findings concerning the particular dual diagnosis by synthesizing available scientific information from both areas - namely aiming to understand thoroughly the extent of the disorder and consequently to describe art therapy possibilities by applying bio-psycho-socio- spiritual addiction model on its individual dimensions. The research part brings information about which art therapy methods and procedures are used by art therapists working with drug addicted people with PTSD when revealing themes concerning experienced traumas. It focuses on a problem of the absence of any integrated procedure of working with people with PTSD in a process of drug addiction treatment. Within a selection of research group, a method of intentional selection was used. The research is based on a content analysis of half- structured interview data. In the...
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Adolescent attachment behaviour and application for primary prevention
Valová, Kristýna ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Nevoralová, Monika (referee)
The thesis is attachment and risk behaviour in adolescents, when these topics are linked and the practical (research) part processed within the research sample. The main idea of the research is the assumption that disturbed attachment in adolescence and period of personality formation as well as terrible twos can cause risky behaviour. Objectives of the research work The aim of this thesis is to select a (representative) sample map and describe attachment and risk behaviour in adolescents. Sample file The research group in this thesis consists of adolescents aged 12 to 16 (17) years. Over all, the surfy was attended by 334 respondents and for the purpose of the thesis, a total of 319 answered questionnaires. Respondents were approached in four primary schools and one secondary school within the city of Prague. Data processing methods The thesis was elected quantitative research. It was a survey, within pre-selected primary schools and one secondary school. The research was performed by two questionnaires - IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment; Greenberg, Armsden, 1987), which deals with attachment and SURPS questionnaire (Substance Use Risk Profile Scale), which deals with risk behaviour. Dates were evaluated and processedising SPSS. Subsequently, all dates are summarized and classified...
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The child as a motivation for abstinence among drug addicted mothers
Šulcová, Iva ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Doležalová, Pavla (referee)
of the thesis: Background: The theme of the drugs problem users - mothers are becoming more and more topical. The specificity of women's groups on the drug scene is given to the problems associated with pregnancy and motherhood , different biological factors compared to men. Expert advice for women and addressing issues that are associated with the feminine role is a must for professionals . The phenomenon of mothers - user is necessarily linked to the issue of child care and subsequent abstinence . Our professional and lay society has regarding pregnancy , treatment, abstinence and motivation of mothers who are drug addicts many prejudices and stereotypical behavior. So the question arises , how the fact of pregnancy users - mothers affects their drug use and subsequent motivation for abstinence and retention in treatment . The aim of this work is to determine whether the child is the motivation for abstinence and the role of drug use in pregnancy women. Methods: Data were obtained using a semi-structured interview , the respondents were clients aftercare program . For data analysis using elements of grounded theory. Results: Based on the statements of the respondents , it was found that even when the child is passive motivation for abstinence , responder treatment of 80 % successfully completed....
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Life with mechanical Heart
Provazník, Miroslav ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Harrer, Jan (referee) ; Vlášková, Dana (referee)
Author: Miroslav Provazník Institution: Department of Social Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University in Hradec Králové, Department of Nursing Title: Life with mechanical heart Supervisor: Mgr. Pavla Doležalová Number of pages: 94 Number of attachments: 4 Year of defense: 2011 Keywords: heart failure, cardiac mechanical support, Heart Mate II, the quality of life, qualitative research, content analysis This bachelor's thesis deals with the life of patients with implanted mechanical cardiac support HeartMate II. It views the patients' life from several angles and examines in particular the changes caused by the presence of cardiac support in their body. The work is divided into three main parts. The clinical part is an overview of etiology and treatment of the heart failure. It also contains chapters devoted to the mechanical cardiac supports. The methodological part deals with methods for evaluation of the quality of life and describes the methodology of the qualitative research which is often applied in empirical practice. Identification of patients' view on quality of their life was held by the half standardized interview. After analyzing these interviews, it has clearly shown that despite of slight limitations, the patients with HeartMate II live full-value life, resembling to the life...
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Intracellular Concentration of Methotrexate in Erytrocytes and MTHFR Polymorphisms: Possible Association with Methotrexate Efficasy and Toxicity in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Tuková, Jana ; Doležalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Slanař, Ondřej (referee) ; Pavelka, Karel (referee)
Objective: To investigate whether methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and erythrocyte concentration of methotrexate (EMTX) could serve as predictors of methotrexate (MTX) efficacy and toxicity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: Genetic analyses and EMTX and folate assessment were performed in 69 JIA patients treated with MTX and classified as full responders (n=51, disease inactivity) or nonresponders (n=18, less than 30 % improvement in paediatric ACR30 criteria while on 15 mg/m2/week parenteral MTX for at least 3 months). Results: Nonresponders were treated with the higher median MTX dose (17.2 vs 12.6 mg/m2/week, P<0.0001), and accumulated more EMTX (217 nmol/L vs 106 nmol/L, P<0.02) and erythrocyte folates (763 nmol/L vs 592 nmol/L, P=0.052) than responders. Analysis of MTHFR allele and genotype frequencies in relation to response failed to detect association. The frequency of any adverse effect was 29.4 % in responders and 33.3 % in nonresponders (P=0.77). The frequency of 677T allele was elevated in patients with adverse effects (52.4 % vs 20.9%, OR=3.88; 95% CI: 1.8-8.6; p<0.002). The probability of any adverse effect was significantly higher in patients with 677TT when compared to 677CC genotype (OR=55.5; 95-% CI: 2.9-1080;...
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