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Evapotranspiration of selected agricultural and forest species
Kučera, J. ; Urban, J. ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Fischer, Milan ; Krofta, K. ; Duffková, R.
The aim of this article is a comparison of evapotranspiration (ET) of different covers (turf grass, clover (Trifolium pratense), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), hops (Humulus lupulus) and the high density poplar stand (J-105, Populus nigra x Populus Maximowiczii)) with the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and the general description the ET rates dynamic during the season. The second goal is to quantify the ratio of the transpiration and the whole evapotranspiration for the two contrasting cultures – the hops and poplars stand. The daily maximal sum of the grass ET reached, similarly like for the other species, up to 5–6 mm per day, which comprises 85–93 % of PET. Significantly higher ET was showed by the culture of clover. On the other hand, the lowest values were performed by the poplar stand in the first year after coppicing. The transpiration to evapotranspiration ratio resulted in 40–70 % by the hops and 80–90 % in case of the poplars.
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Ecological water service accidents in Tábor region during 1995 - 2005
URBAN, Jan
Ecological water service accidents in Tabor region during 1995 - 2005 In developed, densely populated area the requirements for water are increasing, as for the element that is necessary for life on Earth and for the production processes in human society. To ensure this needs covering became a limit factor of development of all economic spheres during the last years. That´s why the water management is getting into a front of public interest. The requirements naturally increase also in others economic spheres and all life fields. Filling of these requirements is connected with many actions, that influence the water purity. Beside the consequent water pollution or water quality inducement , we can talk also about the water-service accidents. Usually we speak about the emergent situations, that have the negative influence on a water useful qualities and cause biological, sanitary, visual and other defects. Redevelopment of these accidents are very laboured and expensive. That´s why the goal of all actions spheres is to precede the pollution of surface and underground waters in time. Subject of this work was the examination of water-service accidents in Tabor region in period of 1995 {--} 2005. The base of the examinated samples was a try to analyze the emergent situation causes, evaluation of solution mechanism of water-service accidents and evaluation of their incidences. By using the current knowledges the conclusions were deduced not only for the prevential sphere, but also for action-redevelopment and financial part of final stabilization. From the database 1995 {--}2005 were found, that on the Tábor region there were a 142 emergent accidents examinated {--} pollution, surface or undeground water threats, or technical problems in given region. Most of the problems were identified in agriculture and water-service fields (24% each), other accidents in food industry ( 13%), transport (16%) . Very serious emergent situations appeared on the pipeline, that goes throug the region. Among the unheathy substances the accidens were caused mainly by the oil products (in 52 cases),fertilizers and other substances used in agriculture caused the accidents in 41 cases. Mainly the human factor appears while accident rise {--} in half of examinated cases. From the results was also deducted, that in 18 cases the accidents appeared in water sources protective zone, 4 events happened in Protective zone of natural water accumulation Třeboňsko. 21 accidents caused the fish or other water animals kill. From the given balance-sheet and knowledges the following conclusions for prevential sphere were made: constructions, equipments or actions, that can influence the water situation are made with the agreement of water right authorities, Their contruction {--} technical implementation mostly doesn´t collide with valid regulations and standarts. In prevential sphere is necessary to keep the legal regulations, related mainly to the periodic checks and revisions of objects build for stocking and manipulation with unhealthy substances, also the prosecution of control systems and using the instruments usefull also for the water-service. Not only for the prevential sphere, but also for the check and redevelopment activities theirselves would be suitable to exert the simple analytic components. The negative part during the accident solution is the feedback and laboratory results absence. More workshops and work stations should have their own contra-accident instruments. Wrecking plans should be much more easier, current range should be include into a operating regulations. In the interest of fish and othe water animals protection the cooperation with specialised workplaces and veterinary authorities should be extended. Legal share of competence for the sphere of undergroung water little bit complicate the wrecking situations solution possibilities .
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Analysis of development of Czech foreign trade in last decade
Urban, Jiří ; Čajka, Radek (advisor) ; Koukalová, Klára (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to analyse the development of Czech foreign trade in last decade and to evaluate the influence of entry to EU on this development. The first chapter is devoted to basic theory build-up and important role of foreign trade in Czech Republic. In the second chapter the analysis of foreign trade is carried out, both from territorial and commodity points of view. For this analysis, mainly data from Czech Statistical Office are used. Third chapter is devoted to Czech trade with four important partner countries. In the conclusion of the thesis the development is evaluated, along with importance of EU entry and prediction of possible future trends
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LC-MS analysis based on probabilistic approach
URBAN, Jan
Liquid chromatography (LC) in tandem with mass spectrometry (MS) is a measurement tool for obtain information about the compounds in the investigated extracts. There were already developed methods for processing and analysis of measured data sets. However, only partial problems of processing/analysis task were handled independently. Therefore, the rst part describes existing methods and techniques commonly used in the LC-MS for the processing and analysis today. In this thesis an approach based on the theory of systems is used for description of abstract model above the measured data. This model encapsulated all processing/analysis steps into appropriate and consistent mathematical space. The creation of this model via description of the measurement device and data outputs is introduced. Abstract model of LC-MS data set is used to decompose the measurement into three partial contributions, the analyte signal, the random noise and the systemic noise. The separation process of the signal could be estimated using the probabilistic approach. That probabilistic approach to the LC-MS analysis was implemented in the developed software, which was published in the Bioinformatics Journal.
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The response of selected potato varieties to plant density
URBAN, Josef
The aim of my diploma thesis was to evaluate four densities of growth by chosen varieties of potatoes. The thesis deals with the experiment on 4 different varieties of potatoes. I have chosen the standard technology of growing ware potatoes. The selected densities of growth were 35 000, 40 000, 45 000 and 50 000 young plants ha-1. Each variant was repeated four times. I have evaluated the yield of bulbs, the share and yield of ware bulbs, the average number of bulbs for one plant, the weight of bulbs for one plant, the average weight of a bulb and the average weight of ware bulbs. The research was done on a private farm like the field experiment. The farm is located in potato-growing area in Vysočina Region, 490 metres above the sea level. Potatoes are grown approximately over 7 hectares on the farm. The experiment started in 2010. The potato planter MARS 42 was used for the planting. The distance between drills was 0,75 metre. Parcels consisted of 4 drills, each drill equals one repetition, each parcel equals one density of growth. On purchase of samples was realized the kickoff of 10 plants from each repetition. What followed was division of bulbs according to their size in each sample. They were divided into bulbs smaller than 40 millimetres and bigger. After that the samples were weighed and bulbs were counted. The number of bulbs and the weight of bulbs are very important for subtotal. It was established the variety Mirage made the best results when the density was 45 000 plants ha-1. The variety Agria had two suitable densities of growth, namely 40 000 and 45 000 plants ha-1. There was no considerable difference between them. In contrast with previous, the varieties Victoria and Marabel made the best result when the density was 35 000 plants ha-1. I have realized the density 50 000 plants ha-1 is explicitly unsuitable for all varieties. This density of growth is loss-making especially because of lowering of all assessed indexes. Another disadvantage is higher costs (more bulbs are required) and then there is also bigger risk of diseases and pests.
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THE ACTION OF INTEGRATED RESCUE SYSTEM SQUAD CONCERNING A LEAK OF OILS INTO THE RIMOV DAM
URBAN, Jiří
Nowadays, numerous extraordinary events can be seen about, such as fires, traffic accidents, rescuing people from heights or depths as well as leakage and subsequent disposal of dangerous substances, whether chemical, biological or radioactive ones, which can be very harmful to human health or be a cause of an ecological catastrophe. In the Czech Republic, the Integrated Rescue System deals with and liquidates such emergency events, as its responsibilities lie in the co-ordination of all bodies involved. The subject of this thesis is to evaluate the danger impending during the leaking of a dangerous substance in a form of oil products. Specifying certain methods of type activity of the Integrated Rescue System{\crq}s intervening bodies including the Fire-Brigade{\crq}s divers is a result of this thesis. Such methodology could be used in practice during similar events. These days, the probability of such events occurring is very high and therefore it is appropriate to specify a particular procedure, which will be followed by the Integrated Rescue System{\crq}s bodies.
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Layout proposal for the cycling trail in the vinicity of Slavonice town.
URBAN, Jiří
The objektive of my thesis was to project the cycling trail in the vicinity of the town Slavonice.The cycling trail was projected around the village Maříž, which is the part of the town.The town Slavonice is located in Southern Bohemia, in region Jindřichův Hradec. At first, they were proposed two alternative. One of which was choise and her partial section was worked in the rang, which is submited for notification of constructions road, according to Decree 104/1997 Sb. Especially I went up from technical standards TP 179 - The Design of the cycle-way. I proposed a direction solution, vertical solution, constructional ordering and traffic signs. I situated in the proposed cycling trail picnick points, completed for notice board and bikes stand. In the framework of low possession relationships I wrote up lands, which can be touched of build-up the cycling trail. I have also done analyse existing cycling trails in surroundings. I refered in my thesis to diference between cycling trail and cyclo route too.
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