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Study of biological activity of alkaloids isolated from Fumaria officinalis L. (Fumariaceae) II.
Malý, Lukáš ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Malý, L.: Study of biological activity of alkaloids isolated from Fumaria officinalis L. (Fumariaceae) II. Diploma Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2014, 49 pp. Obtained diethylether extract of Fumaria officinalis L. was separated to fractions in column chromatography with petrol, chloroform and ethanol. Preparative TLC and crystalisation led to isolation of five alkaloids from fraction. Alkaloids were identified by GC-MS and NMR specters, optical rotation and melting point as protopine, cryptopine, (-)-fumaricine, (+)-fumariline and (+)-parfumidine. Isolated alkaloids were tested for their inhibition activity towards acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase and towards prolyloligopeptidase. Activities were compared with standards. Natural inhibitor galanthamine showed IC50 AChE 1.710 ± 0.065 µM, IC50 BuChE 42.30 ± 1.30 µM. Best inhibition activity showed protopine (IC50 AChE 345.4 ± 24 µM, IC50 BuChE 239.6 ± 22.3 µM) and cryptopine (IC50 AChE 477.71 ± 47.33 µM, IC50 BuChE 270.82 ± 39.12 µM). The highest prolyloligopeptidase inhibition activity showed (+)-parfumidine with IC50 POP 99.2 µM, which was more active than used natural inhibitor baicaline (IC50 POP 605.9 ± 0.021 µM). Synthetic POP...
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Sobolev-type Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces
Malý, Lukáš ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Malý, Jan (referee) ; Shanmugalingam, Nages (referee)
Title: Sobolev-Type Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces Author: RNDr. Lukáš Malý Department: Department of Mathematical Analysis Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Luboš Pick, CSc., DSc., Department of Mathematical Analysis Abstract: is thesis focuses on function spaces related to rst-order analysis in abstract metric measure spaces. In metric spaces, we can replace distributional gra- dients, whose de nition depends on the linear structure of Rn , by upper gradients that control the functions' behavior along all recti able curves. is gives rise to the so-called Newtonian spaces. e summability condition, considered in the thesis, is expressed using a general Banach function lattice quasi-norm and so an extensive framework is built. Sobolev-type spaces (mainly based on the Lp norm) on metric spaces, and Newtonian spaces in particular, have been under intensive study since the mid- s. Standard toolbox for the theory is set up in this general setting and Newto- nian spaces are proven complete. Summability of an upper gradient of a function is shown to guarantee the function's absolute continuity on almost all curves. Ex- istence of a unique minimal weak upper gradient is established. Regularization of Newtonian functions via Lipschitz truncations is discussed in doubling Poincaré spaces using weak boundedness of maximal...
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Study of biological activity of alkaloids isolated from Fumaria officinalis L. (Fumariaceae) II.
Malý, Lukáš ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
Malý, L.: Study of biological activity of alkaloids isolated from Fumaria officinalis L. (Fumariaceae) II. Diploma Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2014, 49 pp. Obtained diethylether extract of Fumaria officinalis L. was separated to fractions in column chromatography with petrol, chloroform and ethanol. Preparative TLC and crystalisation led to isolation of five alkaloids from fraction. Alkaloids were identified by GC-MS and NMR specters, optical rotation and melting point as protopine, cryptopine, (-)-fumaricine, (+)-fumariline and (+)-parfumidine. Isolated alkaloids were tested for their inhibition activity towards acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase and towards prolyloligopeptidase. Activities were compared with standards. Natural inhibitor galanthamine showed IC50 AChE 1.710 ± 0.065 µM, IC50 BuChE 42.30 ± 1.30 µM. Best inhibition activity showed protopine (IC50 AChE 345.4 ± 24 µM, IC50 BuChE 239.6 ± 22.3 µM) and cryptopine (IC50 AChE 477.71 ± 47.33 µM, IC50 BuChE 270.82 ± 39.12 µM). The highest prolyloligopeptidase inhibition activity showed (+)-parfumidine with IC50 POP 99.2 µM, which was more active than used natural inhibitor baicaline (IC50 POP 605.9 ± 0.021 µM). Synthetic POP...
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The Poetics of Space in The Alexandria Quartet.
Malý, Lukáš ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
Poetics of space in The Alexandria Quartet is created by multilevel structures. This poetics is closely connected to the main space of the story - Alexandria, which is at the same time one of the novel's topics. Each level is suggested in connection to various theoretical conceptions which are subsequently used for my own analysis. Alexandria is initially an aesthetic coulisse of the story which is portrayed by descriptive passages. Strongly subjective and lyrical descriptions of the city establish overall impression of the story and potentially support reader's experiential illusion. Alexandria and its specificity is further modulated and thematised by its special macroscopic conditions which border Alexandria as an autonomous fictional space with its own rules within the novel's fictional world. Part of poetics of the space in this novel is also portraying spatio-temporal aspect of the reality (chronotope) no only on the level of the story, but also on the level of storytelling. Alexandria is further explicit rhetoric and also through semantic indexation personified and enters semantic relations with the main characters and events. Each level is complementary to another and all are part of the semantic gesture of the novel. Alexandria becomes a separate symbol, mythical entity which importance is...
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The informed consent, particularly the criminal aspects
Malý, Lukáš ; Sovová, Olga (advisor) ; Císařová, Dagmar (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Právnická Fakulta Katedra trestního práva Centrum zdravotnického práva Lukáš Malý The Informed Consent, particularly the criminal aspects Thessis Short summary This thesis deals with a current problem of informed consent of a patient to a medical treatment, with a special regard to aspects of such consent pertaining to criminal law. Current healthcare in a vast majority of modern countries is based on the principle of informed consent. Following an introductory review of the history of the physician-patient relationship, the current legislation surrounding the informed consent is analyzed. These laws are undergoing major changes as this thesis is being finished, giving me the chance to describe both past and future legal regulation. I proceed to describe in detail when the informed consent is required, in what form must it be granted and what sort of medical information is needed to be given to the patient prior to his decision. To adequately weigh the aspects of criminal responsibility in relation to informed consent, the analysis of all possible forms of legal responsibility is performed, with some comparisons to relevant criminal regulation in other countries being made.
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Stirling's formula, its history and applications
Malý, Lukáš ; Stará, Jana (referee) ; Veselý, Jiří (advisor)
Nazev prace: Stirlingovnfoniutle, jejf historic a pouzili Autor: LukiiS Mali/ Katcdra (ustav): Matemaltcki/ listav Univerzity Karlovy Vedouci bakalafske prace: Doc. RNDr. Jiff Vesely, CSc. e-mail vcdouciho: lvcsely@karlin.mff.cuni.cz Abstrakt: StirUngova formule se nzivd pro pfibUzm'/ vypocet faktoridlu vclkych pfirozenych cisel. Cilem teto pracejc Stirlingovuformuli odvodit a ukdzat, jakou chybou jc tato aproximacc zatizcna. Odvozcni jc provedeno ctyfmi zpusoby, z nichz se kazdy zaklddd na poznatcich jincho odvctvf matenmiiky: kronic teorie ninncricke kvadmtunj, Ihuitnfch vet pravdepodobuostnilio poctu ci vlastnostifunkcc gama Izc k formitli dospdt i vyuzitim Fonricrovi/ transfornmcc. Pfi odhadovdni cln/bi/ tiproxinmce odvodwic niodifikovanon forniuli, v nfz jc chi/ba cdstccne kom- penzovdna. Pomoci Eulcrovy-Maclaurinovi/ sinnacni formule sc ndslcdnc itkdze, zcfunkci po- pisiijici cln/bu Stirliugovi/fonnule Izc rozvinont v asi/mptotickoii radii, tzv. Stirlingovit radii. Ukdzcmc, zcfunkci ganm Izc na fasti jcjiho dcfiiucniho oboru rovncz apwximovat Stirlingo- voit fonnuli a radon ajaklzc cln/bufor nmlc vi/jddfit koiwergentni Bittetovoufnktoridlni radon. Na konci pi'dcc jc nvcdcno nckolik prakHckych prikladu, ktcrc Hustruji itzitecnost Stirlingovy forunilc. Klicova s\ova:fflktorid!,fnnkccčt~inm, Stirliugovn...
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Toolbox for neuronal datasets
Malý, Lukáš ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Lamoš, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to create toolbox for functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) and electroencefalography (EEG) data processing in MATLAB enviroment using SPM software package. The first part describes the physiological origin of these data at neuronal level, basics of magnetic resonance imaging, principles of fMRI experiment, preprocessing and processing of fMRI data, their interpretation, then function and principles of EEG are described and at the end is simultaneous EEG-fMRI described. In the second part of the thesis features of each tool from Neural Data Toolbox (NDTb) are described.
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Analysis of Economic Risk of Investment Project
Malý, Lukáš ; Holá, Michaela (referee) ; Hromádka, Vít (advisor)
This thesis focuses on considering of the investor economic risk during the preparation of the investment project including the financial plan, its evaluation and suggestions of proposals for risk reduction. Correct decisions on implementation or rejection of the project are based on the realistic financial plan. However, expenses and revenues are only implied and are burdened with some variability that leads to the risk of failure to achieve the planned values. To assess the acceptability of certain risks for the investor, an analysis of risk factors was conducted. The factors are first identified for their significance and potential negative impact, then the most risk factors are evaluated and determined whether it is necessary to further tracking or the risk to the investor is acceptable.
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