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Carborane structural blocks in medicinal chemistry
Nekvinda, Jan ; Grüner, Bohumír (advisor) ; Machara, Aleš (referee) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
This work deals with carborane and metallacarborane clusters, in terms of their fundamental chemistry and complexation with cyclodextrins, and in the context of emerging pharmacophores applicable in medicinal chemistry. Arguably, the most important part of this work is the preparation of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) sulfamide derivatives. The sulfamido group is attached to the metallacarborane carbon vertex by an alkyl chain that may be modified in its length. This was accomplished by, firstly, the abstraction of the acidic hydrogen, located on the {CH}-vertex from the metallacarborane, by reaction with lithium base, followed by, secondly, reaction with electrophilic agents (PFA, oxirane and oxetane), which leads to a cascade of reactions to give the desired sulfamide derivatives. These compounds were then tested by collaborators in other institutes for in vitro and in vivo activity towards Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA IX), which is an enzyme associated with tumour growth. In vivo tests on mice have shown that these types of substances are able to effectively reduce tumour size by 30%. The synthetic research continued with the preparation of sulfonamide compounds of the isomers of the carborane series. The reactions began exclusively with propylhydroxy carborane starting materials, which provide optimum...
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The Evolution of Public Opinions on the Development of Biofuels in Southeast Asia
Vosmíková, Alžběta ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to analyze the change of opinions on selected problems, which have occurred during the last decade in connection with biofuels. The main question at hand is whether the form of discussion on the topics below may be related to the development of world biodiesel consumption. Attention is focused specifically on palm oil biodiesel. Two countries - Indonesia and Malaysia - were selected as the model area. The thesis deals with the issue of the relation of palm oil biodiesel and the environment on the example of the emission of greenhouse gases into the air. It also addresses the evolution of changes in opinions on small farmers, whose relation to environment is significantly different. Finally, the work evaluates the relationship of the society to biofuels and specifically to palm oil biodiesel. Keywords: Biofuels, biodiesel, palm oil, emissions, Indonesia, Malaysia.
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Industrial Geography Transformation as a Consequence of the Industrial Revolution: Example of the Brewing Industry In Prague, 1869-1939
Sobota, Tomáš ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
Tomáš Sobota: Industrial Geography Transformation as a Consequence of the Industrial Revolution: Example of the Brewing Industry In Prague, 1869-1939 Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the general factors which influenced the development of the brewing industry in Prague between the years 1869 and 1939. A description and definition of factors influencing the brewing industry during that time period is in the theoretical part of this thesis. The general factors include the formation of cartels, redevelopment of the centre of Prague, the First World War and the Great Depression. This thesis also includes a description of the impact of breweries (founded after the year 1869) on other brewing companies. The empirical part of this thesis describes changes of spatial distribution of bier production during the period of interest. This is done by thematic maps and diagrams related to the issue. Keywords: Prague - brewing industry - industry - industrial revolution - geography
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Political and geographical aspects of Pilsen's city development
Černík, Vojtěch ; Tomeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to briefly describe the city of Pilsen in terms of urbanism and to evaluate the progression of the city since the political changes in 1989. The first part of the text is based on the discription of the city and its main problems, the functional structure of the city and the key periods in the progression of the city. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to a comparison of the city's spatial plans of 1995 and 2005 and the analysis of the strategic plan. This analysis demonstrates the evolution of the city and compares the original expectations with the current situation. In the end the whole analysis is integretated into the political and economical context. The main point of this part is the intorduction of some controversial projects that makes the Pilsen's public to be more interested in the city problems. This conflict leads to increasing the interest of the public space by common people in Pilsen.
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Synthesis of new carborane and metallacarborane bulding blocks appliable in design of biologically active compounds
Nekvinda, Jan ; Grüner, Bohumír (advisor) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
Compounds with carboxylic and amidic functions belong to basic structural blocks, which are used for construction of functional molecules in organic, organometallic and also in carborane chemistry. However, considering cobalt bis(dicarbollide)(1-) ion, the synthetic ways to these derivatives have been virtually unknown. A published procedure on lithiation in THF and reaction with CO2 leading to mono- and dicarboxylic acids had failed in our hands. Nevertheless, a detailed revision of the experimental conditions provided finally good yields of mixture of both acids, which could be separated by chromatography and crystallization, and compound of general formulation [(1-HOOC-1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H10)-3,3'-Co(III)]- and stereoisomeric mixture of [(HOOC)2-(1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3'-Co(III)]- were characterized for the first time by combination of NMR, MS and HPLC. Also, the carboxylic acid derivatives with methylene and ethylene connectors of the general formula [(1-HOOC-(CH2)n-1,2- C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H10)-3,3'-Co(III)]- were prepared by lithiation of Cs1 in DME at low temperatures followed by reaction with BrCH2COOEt and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting ester or by oxidation of the respective propylhydroxy derivative. The acids were converted to reactive p-nitrophenyl esters...
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Evaluating of data sources and land use changes in Prague and surroundings
Šmausová, Barbora ; Štych, Přemysl (advisor) ; Janoušek, Zbyněk (referee)
The aim of this study was to compare the data sets used in land use / land cover in terms of their content and analyze their classification systems. The work is focused on the capital city of Prague and its surroundings. The data used are described and characterized. Review was made for available data sets on a general level, especially focusing on their classification systems. For further work was chosen model area containing four cadastral (Čestlice, Křeslice, Průhonice, Újezd u Průhonic). In the model area was made analysis of data, which focused on a comparison of classification systems using spatial overlays, status and map of changes. The resulting synthesis was carried out on the basis of a general review and analysis carried out for the model area. The results of the work answer to the fundamental objectives of the work and try to describe the basic knowledge of the different and identical parameters of studied data sets. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Evaluation of Long-Term Land Use Changes in Czechia at Different Scale Levels
Janoušek, Zbyněk ; Bičík, Ivan (advisor) ; Kupková, Lucie (referee)
Long-term evolution of nature-society interactions can be studied by using data of land use change. In the thesis is used a detailed statistical database of Czechia (developed at Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science). The database allows monitoring changes of eight categories of land use in the period 1845-2000. Attention is devoted to the growing differentiation of land use at different scale levels, the thesis is concentrated on functional specialization of czech regions. Deepening division of labour between regions is reflected by increasing territorial concentration of land use. This process is monitored by using three methods. Ternary plots present an overview of the differentiation trends of land use. Spatial autocorrelation methods present the general development and specific areas of functional specialization in Czechia. A review by territorial heterogeneity rate provides a detailed look at the change of territorial concentration of land use. The thesis operates with three territorial classifications (hydrological, geomorphological and administrative) at two regional levels and the level of Czechia. Results are interpreted using the driving forces (such as technological development, economics, historical events, society). The final part of the thesis compares the development of...
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