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Social Theory and the Late-Modern Approaches to the Study Of Culture
Lachmann, Filip ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Holeček, Tomáš (referee)
Sociology, social science and human sciences in general are interested in the study of culture since its inception. This concern, however, have transformed over the years and the development of individual disciplines, especially in the 20th century, where the phenomenon of culture has become one of the main indicators of social coexistence. The concept of culture itself represents a very wide range of activities, objects and characteristics tied with the human and his behavior. This work focuses on the process, during which social scientists have begun to perceive the culture no longer just a file or a store of values, but as part of power struggle, hegemony, ideology and oppression in their everyday impact on the scientific knowledge and the creation of social discourse. It notes the rise of critical theory, which arose mainly in the context of the so-called "cultural turn", starting in the postwar period. It records the development of social theory as a discipline combining several approaches, grounded in a larger frame of reference, the main aim is to highlight the difference between social science typical for modernity and more or less postmodern authors, which we nowadays consider the leading scientists and philosophers of the 20th century. This report covers the Frankfurt School of T. Adorno,...
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The social pressure to have slim and shaped body present in public places
Mixová, Kristýna ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Uhl, Michal (referee)
Bachelor thesis is trying to concrete the pressure to have slim and shaped body which is present in public places. Theoretical sources of the text are terms of Elias Canetti - order and judgement, and terms of Theodor W. Adorno - standardization and competition. The text is trying to answer, how the character of these terms looks like in the context of the pressure to have slim and shaped body. The methodology is qualitative research based on fieldnotes from walking through the city. The main findings of the text are that the main characteristic of order in context of social pressure to have slim and shaped body is unambiguity and the fact that the order instructs the way. For judgement is typical the evaluation and dividing people into two group based on their size Competition is present in competing in slimming, in competiting of beauty and in the advantages of helping to make the slim and shaped body easier. In standardization there is important the change in appearance of human body and the information that other people are involved in having a slim and shaped body
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Construction of Identity in the Emotional Culture
Prýmková, Karolína ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Holeček, Tomáš (referee)
Rigorous thesis Construstion of Identity in the Emotional Culture deals with possible changes in the construction of identity of man after the fall of the millenium. The thesis stems from Eva Illouz's description of society which states that our present society is unprecedently emotional and rational at the same time. The goal of this thesis is to advocate the intitial statement, that in this organization of society the main source for construction of identity is no longer the consumption of material goods as it put notable social theorists since the second half of the twentienth century. I do not state that this remarkable era is fully over now, but I would like to point out, that consumption of material goods is loosing its strength in the process of identity construction due to the overall increasing living standards and mainly due to the fragmentarization of lifestyles. Considering the unprecedently high level of penetration of our society with emotion I consider them to be the new source of identity creation.
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Car as a servant or a master?
Barešová, Tereza ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Grznár, Miroslav (referee)
In this thesis the expansion of cars in our society is explored. In the first part of the text, theoretical bases of influences and impacts of technology on human are outlined, and then through interviews and observations further applied to a significant symbol of today's technology - the cars. The work is based on the ideas of the adaptation by Oswald Spengler, which in his view forces people to adapt to technology, from which people can no longer free themselves. Another theoretical basis of this text is automatism by Arnold Gehlen, that builds on the assumption that people require a consistent environment where certain acts are constantly repeated, which evokes order and stability. In the interviews and observation is examined, whether and how these concepts are reflected in the behavior of drivers who use cars as the primary instrument of the transportation. Analysis of the findings shows that people are adapted on the conditions of mass use of cars. That essentially means dependendence on automobiles. The original purpose of the techniques was compensation of the physical deficiencies of man, who improved its abilities by different technical procedures. The benefits brought by cars are in these days minimalized by the increasing number of cars on the roads. But people adapt themselves to these...
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