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Restoration of plant communities after eradication of invasive Reynoutria species
Mártonová, Marie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Berchová, Kateřina (referee)
Reynoutria spp. rank among highly invasive taxa in the Czech Republic. Therefore, a considerable effort is focused on its eradication. This is usually done by application of non- selective herbicide based on glyphosate. However, only little is known about the spontaneous recovery of the native vegetation after the eradication, as well as whether the restoration can be facilitated by additional management. In my master thesis I (i) describe the process of restoration after Reynoutria spp. eradication, (ii) evaluate the influence of factors which could potentially inhibit the succession (such as glyphosate, allelopathy, changes in soil conditions due to Reynoutria spp. invasion), and (iii) evaluate the influence of native-species seed addition on establishment of target plant communities. The process of vegetation recovery was followed on 17 sites in a forest and in ruderal forest-free area from 2007 to 2010. Over the three years of the study, the sites in the forest- free area were covered by diverse vegetation, secondary succession on sites in a forest progressed more slowly. Any soil changes were detected. The process of succession was limited probably because a dead biomass was left on the sites after the eradication. The seed addition was also not crucial for the restoration of plant communitites.
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Changes in the mechanical parameters of women's hair during pregnancy
Skřontová, Marie ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee) ; Berchová, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Changes in the mechanical parameters of women's hair during pregnancy Matters: We can look from different angles on the hair - as on a nanocomposite fiber and as on biomaterial changing with the origin and age. The hair doesn't differ only by lenght, stucture and color but also by diameter and shape. It reflects the overall health of the individual and all the processes in the organism of the individual and thus also the pregnancy. During pregnancy, hormonal changes take place which have an effect on the hair. Many women experience faster hair growth, extension and increased volume of the hair during pregnancy. This status is only temporary and lasts only to the childbirth. Aim: The aim of this work was to show the influence of pregnancy on mechanical parameters of hair and what direction this influence takes. Next, using questionnaires, to better solve the effect of particular pregnancy parameters on the hair, i.e. pregnancy order, sex of the child. Then, evaluate the whole problem using statistical tests and so make better sense of it. Methods: We'd selected a group of 64 pregnant women; hair samples were cut from them in the nape area each month throughout pregnancy. Each measurement started with evaluation of hair diameter with the use of optical microscope. Next, the hair had been...
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Effectivity of invasive alien plant species control evaluation
Berchová-Bímová, K. ; Kadlecová, M. ; Vojík, Martin ; Vardarman, J.
This methodology is intended mainly for environmental agencies and other land managers, such as regional authorities and owners that are due to prevent and manage the introduction and spread of invasive alien species. The manual provides instructions for planning and realisation of IAS control project. In manual are described particular steps form the pre-project phase (planning and status quo) to the targets and their evaluation. In particular, there are described factors influencing the targets statement, subsequent control targets and their evaluation using indicators. The indicators show the level of the targets fulfil. Evaluation of whole project depends on targets fulfil a serve for the control project effectivity evaluation.
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Changes in the mechanical parameters of women's hair during pregnancy
Skřontová, Marie ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee) ; Berchová, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Changes in the mechanical parameters of women's hair during pregnancy Matters: We can look from different angles on the hair - as on a nanocomposite fiber and as on biomaterial changing with the origin and age. The hair doesn't differ only by lenght, stucture and color but also by diameter and shape. It reflects the overall health of the individual and all the processes in the organism of the individual and thus also the pregnancy. During pregnancy, hormonal changes take place which have an effect on the hair. Many women experience faster hair growth, extension and increased volume of the hair during pregnancy. This status is only temporary and lasts only to the childbirth. Aim: The aim of this work was to show the influence of pregnancy on mechanical parameters of hair and what direction this influence takes. Next, using questionnaires, to better solve the effect of particular pregnancy parameters on the hair, i.e. pregnancy order, sex of the child. Then, evaluate the whole problem using statistical tests and so make better sense of it. Methods: We'd selected a group of 64 pregnant women; hair samples were cut from them in the nape area each month throughout pregnancy. Each measurement started with evaluation of hair diameter with the use of optical microscope. Next, the hair had been...
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Restoration of plant communities after eradication of invasive Reynoutria species
Mártonová, Marie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Berchová, Kateřina (referee)
Reynoutria spp. rank among highly invasive taxa in the Czech Republic. Therefore, a considerable effort is focused on its eradication. This is usually done by application of non- selective herbicide based on glyphosate. However, only little is known about the spontaneous recovery of the native vegetation after the eradication, as well as whether the restoration can be facilitated by additional management. In my master thesis I (i) describe the process of restoration after Reynoutria spp. eradication, (ii) evaluate the influence of factors which could potentially inhibit the succession (such as glyphosate, allelopathy, changes in soil conditions due to Reynoutria spp. invasion), and (iii) evaluate the influence of native-species seed addition on establishment of target plant communities. The process of vegetation recovery was followed on 17 sites in a forest and in ruderal forest-free area from 2007 to 2010. Over the three years of the study, the sites in the forest- free area were covered by diverse vegetation, secondary succession on sites in a forest progressed more slowly. Any soil changes were detected. The process of succession was limited probably because a dead biomass was left on the sites after the eradication. The seed addition was also not crucial for the restoration of plant communitites.
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Methods of mapping and monitoring invasive (selected alien) species - monitoring
Pergl, Jan ; Dušek, J. ; Hošek, M. ; Knapp, M. ; Simon, O. ; Berchová, K. ; Bogdan, V. ; Černá, M. ; Poláková, S. ; Musil, J. ; Sádlo, Jiří ; Svobodová, J.
The project aims at problematic invasive species and their prioritization. In the methods we define several groups of aliens for monitoring. In the project are shown the rough financial costs.
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Methods of mapping and monitoring invasive (selected alien) species - mapping
Pergl, Jan ; Dušek, J. ; Hošek, M. ; Knapp, M. ; Simon, O. ; Berchová, K. ; Bogdan, V. ; Černá, M. ; Poláková, S. ; Musil, J. ; Sádlo, Jiří ; Svobodová, J.
The project aims at problematic invasive species and their prioritization. In the methods we define several groups of aliens for mapping. In the project are shown the rough financial costs.
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Risk analysis of selected SCI by invasive alien plant species
Janošková, Romana ; Berchová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The issue of spreading invasive plant and animal species is becoming increasingly topical. It is not possible to control the spread of invasive species without appropriate interventions and restrictions. This thesis researches endangering of SCI by selected invasive plant species whose presence was monitored in 2015. An occurrence of invasive plants, depending on the altitude and the area of the invasion in the selected SCI, is compared in this thesis. A suitable proposal limiting the spread of invasive plant species is also considered in this work. Using statistical analyzes the level of threat of the SCI is monitored and also found out whether the protection of habitats that are subjected to protection of the SCI.
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Economical impact of invasion IAS
Tyrpekl, Lukáš ; Berchová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
The invasion of plants and animals species are considered as one of the main danger for diversity of natural ecosystems worldwide. With destruction of habitats represent the main reason of the current global wave of taxa extinctions. The obviousness of biological invasions are financial costs in different branches connected with their prevention and liquidation.
The main purpose of this master thesis was to evaluate the economic impacts of invasion of the selected invasive species, concretely Grand hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum), Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera), Giant goldenrod and Canadian (Solidago gigantea and canadensis) and also Japanese knotweed, Giant knotweed and Bohemian knotweed (Reynoutria japonica, sachalinensis and × bohemica). As an area of interest was Třeboňsko chosen, where the economic impact of these invasive species based on the results of field investigation was evaluated with in cooperation with an owners of the affected land. Also, ecosystem damage were registered and total financial damage was estimated.
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Invasive species - the public survey
Semotam, Jiří ; Berchová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
Biological invasion is considered to be one of the biggest threats to biological diversity. The invasive species are the ones that aren't native in the area and were brought here either knowingly or unintentionally as stowaways on ships, car tires or shoe soles. These organisms have characteristics, such as its size, number of produced seeds, spread speed and others, thanks to which they are capable of pushing the original organisms out from their natural land. The goal of this thesis is to find out about the awareness of general public about such topic, how much people are informed about the influence of the non-native species, which invasive species are present in our area, how it can influence health, economy, environment and last, but not least what are the options for its disposal and how much such an action cost.
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