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In situ study of nuclear acids interactions key for gene expression and therapy based on its silencing
Špringer, Tomáš
In this doctoral thesis we study novel analogues based on R06 aptamers and targeting TAR hairpins of the HIV virus by means of surface plasmon resonance biosensor, which allows for sensitive and real-time monitoring of molecular interactions. We investigate seven different modifications placed at nine different positions on the R06 aptamer in order to find out their applicability in the construction of efficient and stable anti-TAR oligonucleotides. We also determine which positions are suitable for substitutions with a modification and interpret the results in the context of the local nucleotide geometries and interactions in the TAR/anti-TAR complex. In this doctoral thesis we further develop a new fluidic system. This fluidic system eliminates sample dispersion and intermixing effects and thus enables accurate monitoring of molecular interactions on the surface of an SPR chip. We also characterize experimental conditions on the surface of an oligonucleotide chip and their relations towards bio-molecular assays. Specifically, we study the shielding effect of monovalent and divalent cations, which are crucial for the interaction of negatively charged oligonucleotides.
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Novel conjugated polymers of the metallo-supramolecular and polyelectrolyte class
Hladysh, Sviatoslav
This thesis targets the development of conjugated polymers with improved processability from solutions. Two types of ionic polymers are addressed: (i) conjugated metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs) composed of conjugated heteroaromatic unimers (building blocks) linked to chains by various metal ions giving charged main chains, and (ii) polythiophene polyelectrolytes containing ionic pendants. Processing advantages of conjugated polyelectrolytes consist in the possibility of their processing from solutions in green solvents such as alcohols or even water. The advantages of MSPs consist in the thermodynamic control of the degree of polymerization (length) of their chains in solutions by the choice of solvent and temperature. As a result, MSPs reversibly provide systems of low viscosity that can be processed from solutions more easily than high-molar- mass polymers giving highly viscous solutions. Synthesis of appropriately designed unimer(s) is the key step of preparation of an MSP. Within this thesis, a series of novel unimers composed of linear oligothiophene type (mono-, bi-, ter- a thieno-thiophene -diyl) central blocks capped with 2,6-bis(2-oxazolinyl)pyridine (pybox) or 2,6-bis(2-imidazolyl)pyridine (bzimpy) end- groups have been successfully prepared, characterized and assembled with...
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Effective Algorithms for Verifying Goals in Computer Games
Suda, Martin ; Hric, Jan (advisor)
In the present work we study non-uniform methods for searching game trees of two player games with perfect information. Particularly the non-uniformity based on threats as realized in lambda search and dual-lambda search algorithms is investigated. Threats, de ned as such attack moves that if followed by a pass from the defender result in his certain loss, allow for a reduction of the search space while guaranteeing correctness at the same time. The work then describes a new method for construction of so called relevancy zones, a list of moves or places on the game desk that can only have in uence on the result of the problem in question. Using these zones it is possible to speed up the mentioned algorithms considerably. In the work there are also described three games, AtariGo, Hex and Go-Moku, and their appropriateness with respect to the studied methods is analyzed. Part of the work is also an implementation of the methods for these games using known techniques (transposition tables, history heuristic).
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Josef Karásek (1868-1916) in the context of Czech Slavic Studies and the Czech literary scene in Vienna (On the participation of Vienna in inter-Slavic cultural relations from the founding of the Jagić Seminary to the birth of Czechoslovakia)
Černý, Marcel ; Petrbok, Václav (referee)
This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first part (2. VIENNA AND CZECH LITERATURE) is devoted to the interaction between the city of Vienna and modern Czech culture, primarily literature. The second part (3. VIENNA AND CZECH SLAVIC STUDIES) is oriented toward the problematic of the history of Slavic Studies, the area of Slavic philology which, as a meta-discipline, deals with the self-reflection of its own subject. Specifically, both the initiative of the "Jagić concept" of Slavic philology for Czech Slavic Studies as it was eventually reflected in Karásek's specialized activities and the panoramic outline of the way in which Jagić's work was perceived and absorbed in the Czech surroundings are the subject of consideration. However, this study is not a "classic" monograph in the narrow sense of the word. Josef Karásek, who was a literary historian, editor, translator, and promoter of Slavic literatures in the German-speaking world, was not a central personality in the history of Czech Slavic Studies. Yet on the other hand, considering the rather strong echo of his work in Czech, Viennese and other Slavic research communities, and in spite of the partial research eclecticism of his work, it cannot be said that Karásek was a mere journalist and author of compilations. His extensive estate, which was...
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Quantitative vessel parameters of broadleaves as a tool for reconstruction of physical geographical processes
Tumajer, Jan
Trees adjust wood anatomical structure to environmental conditions, predisposing time series of quantitative wood anatomical parameters to be valuable source of palaeoenvironmental information. In this doctoral project we analysed the response of vessel parameters of i) floodplain Quercus robur to groundwater level fluctuation, hydroclimate variability and extreme events (droughts and floods), and of ii) Betula pendula to mechanical damage caused by various disturbances. Although climatic signal as well as pointer years stored in tree-ring width chronologies of Quercus robur largely differ between sites, quantitative vessel parameters contain spatially- homogenous positive signal of previous year summer temperature and current year winter/early spring temperature. The only between-site difference in wood anatomical chronologies is negative effect of moisture on vessel size in floodplain, which does not occur in not-flooded lowland sites. We suggest that while tree productivity benefits from high water availability, the wood anatomical structure of Quercus robur is constrained by high soil water saturation in floodplain zone. In addition, the response of tree-ring widths to moisture availability is not uniform inside single stand, but subgroups of trees with completely opposite response coexist...
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Understanding representations of space via computer technology
Dvořák, Petr
There was and is written a big amount of literatuře with the topič of three-dimensional imagery, this literatuře afflicts almost all areas connected with this problematic. But just a few places are given to the possibility ofusing information technology for development of three-dimensional imagery. Simultaneously the children grow into the world of computers and we can not neglect this fact. Children approach to computers with a quite commonplace and without fear (in contrast to adults). They are moving in virtual environments, which simulate a real world more and more punctually and also with its physical rules. Every of these experiences can influence their three-dimensional imagery. Also the ability of transformation of the surrounding three-dimensional world into the picture-two- dimensional form (and of course contrariwise) - it closely bears on the three-dimensional imagination. Mainly the ability to read the planar pictures and to use the gained information in the creation of three- dimensional conceptions. This ability is at school knowingly evolved, for example through channelling the body in free parallel projection. Emphasis insists on the work with real models and their pictures. In my work I try to refer to the advantages and crags of using computer programmes, which simulate to us real models...
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Application of computational methods in classification of glass stones
Lébl, Matěj ; Hnětynková, Iveta (advisor)
Application of computational methods in classification of glass stones Bc. Matěj Lébl Abstrakt: The goal of this thesis is to employ mathematical image processing methods in automatic quality control of glass jewellery stones. The main math- ematical subject is a matrix of specific attributes representing digital image of the studied products. First, the thesis summarizes mathematical definition of digital image and some standard image processing methods. Then, a complete solution to the considered problem is presented. The solution consists of stone localization within the image followed by analysis of the localized area. Two lo- calization approaches are presented. The first is based on the matrix convolution and optimized through the Fourier transform. The second uses mathematical methods of thresholding and median filtering, and data projection into one di- mension. The localized area is analyzed based on statistical distribution of the stone brightness. All methods are implemented in the MATLAB environment. 1
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Interaction Means in Visual Art Education Classes at primary Schools with a Special Focus on Assessment
Valešová, Hana
The thesis examines the topic of communication, interaction and feedback in regard to the assessment situations in Visual Art classes at primary school. It is based on empirical research that approached the subject from various different methodological perspectives: questionnaire, participant observation, interview and an insight into the real educational situation. The participants of the research were a sample of visual art teachers from primary schools of Liberec region. The research focused on the content and the form of feedback information that the students receive in the interaction situations during their art work assessment. The results suggest that the teachers have problems to find relevant assessment criteria and the information they pass to the students has no real content and it does not refer to art values of their work.
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Scheduler and memory allocator for the Bobox system
Falt, Zbyněk
The content of this work is the description of the Bobox system, which is system for parallel data processing developed by the Department of Software Engineering of the Charles University, the analysis of its original scheduler and the design of a new, more efficient task scheduler and memory allocator of the system. The work also contains an experimental comparison of different aproaches to the problematic.
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