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EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
VÁCLAVOVÁ, Zuzana
ANNOTATION Thepresentdoctoral thesis explorestheEuropeanParliament as theonlyonedirectlyelectedinstitutionoftheEuropean Union as taughtwithintheeducationalsubject "Education to citizenship". Theintroductorypartsofthedoctoral thesis engage in thehistoricalcontextofintegrationoftheEuropean Union and formationoftheParliamentaryAssembly ECSC. Thefollowingchaptersexaminetheissueofthefirst direct electionintotheEuropeanParliament, itsformation, development and reasonswhytheEuropeans' interest to vote in the said transnational institution is on the decline. To furtherclarifycircumstancesofEuropeanelections in the Czech Republic, oneofthechaptersinvestigates these problems. Theother part ofthedoctoral thesis provides a viewintothe Czech curricularreform, whichsupportstheEuropeandimension in education and thepositionoftheEuropeanParliament in lessonsoftheeducationalsubject "Education to citizenship". Theconcluding part analyses a questionnairesurvey in whichteachersoftheeducationalsubject "Education to citizenship" forsecondaryschools in theSouth Bohemian region participated. Thedoctoral thesis isbased on national and foreignliterature and otherdocumentarysources.
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Phylogenetic relationships of some spirurine nematodes (Nematoda: Chromadorea: Rhabditida: Spirurina) parasitic in fishes inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences
ČERNOTÍKOVÁ, Eva
Small subunit rRNA sequences were obtained from 38 representatives mainly of the nematode orders Spirurida (Camallanidae, Cystidicolidae, Daniconematidae, Philometridae, Physalopteridae, Rhabdochonidae, Skrjabillanidae) and, in part, Ascaridida (Anisakidae, Cucullanidae, Quimperiidae). The examined nematodes are predominantly parasites of fishes. Their analyses provided well-supported trees allowing the study of phylogenetic relationships among some spirurine nematodes. The present results support the placement of Cucullanidae at the base of the suborder Spirurina and, based on the position of the genus Philonema (subfamily Philoneminae) forming a sister group to Skrjabillanidae (thus Philoneminae should be elevated to Philonemidae), the paraphyly of the Philometridae. Comparison of a large number of sequences of representatives of the latter family supports the paraphyly ofthe genera Philometra, Philometroides and Dentiphilometra. The validity of the newly included genera Afrophilometra and Caranginema is supported. These results indicate geographical isolation has not been the cause of speciation in this parasite group and no coevolution with fish hosts is apparent. On the contrary, the group of South-American species of Alinema, Nilonema and Rumai is placed in an independent branch, thus markedly separated from other family members. Molecular data indicate that the skrjabillanid subfamily Esocineminae (represented by Esocinema bohemicum) should be either elevated to the rank of an idependent family or Daniconematidae (Mexiconema africanum) should be decreased to Daniconematinae and transferred to the family Skrjabillanidae. Camallanid genera Camallanus and Procamallanus, as well as the subgenera Procamallanus and Spirocamallanus are confirmed to be paraphyletic. Paraphyly has also been found within Filarioidea, Habronematoidea and Thelazioidea and in Cystidicolidae, Physalopteridae and Thelaziidae. The results of the analyses also show that Neoascarophis, Spinitectus and Rhabdochona are monophyletic, in contrast to the paraphyletic genus Ascarophis. They further confirm the independence of two subgenera, Rhabdochona and Globochona, in the genus Rhabdochona. The necessity of further studies of fish-parasitizing representatives of additional nematode families not yet studied by molecular methods, such as Guyanemidae, Lucionematidae or Tetanonematidae, is underscored.
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Tapinothrix clintonii sp. nov. (Pseudanabaenaceae, Cyanobacteria), nový druh na pomezí pěti rodů
BOHUNICKÁ, Markéta
Previously unknown cyanobacterium was found in Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA. Looking at morphological characteristics, an argument could be made to place this taxon in any of the following genera: Ammatoidea, Homoeothrix, Leptolyngbya, Phormidiochaete, and Tapinothrix. Phylogeny based on 16S rDNA suggested that the taxon belongs into family Pseudanabaenaceae and is closely related to Leptolyngbya sensu stricto. However, it possess distinctive morphology of heteropolar tapered filaments and unique 16S-23S ITS sequence and secondary structure. Therefore an assignment into pseudanabaenalean genus Tapinothrix was made and the species was described as Tapinothrix clintonii.
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Šestý nosorožec: taxonomické zhodnocení kriticky ohroženého severního tuponosého nosorožce
ROBOVSKÝ, Jan
The two forms of white rhinoceros; northern and southern, have had contrasting conservation histories. The Northern form, once fairly numerous is now critically endangered, while the southern form has recovered from a few individuals to a population of a few thousand. Since their last taxonomic assessment over three decades ago, new material and analytical techniques have become available, necessitating a review of available information and re-assessment of the taxonomy.Dental morphology and cranial anatomy clearly diagnosed the southern and northern forms. The differentia ion was well supported by dental metrics, cranial growth and craniometry, and corresponded with differences in post-cranial skeleton, external measurements and external features. No distinctive differences were found in the limited descriptions of their behavior and ecology. Fossil history indicated the antiquity of the genus, dating back at least to early Pliocene and evolution into a number of diagnosable forms. The fossil skulls examined fell outside the two extant forms in the craniometric analysis. Gene
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Islands in storm. Czechoslovakian Legionaries and everyday-life during war years 1918-1920
VÁCHA, Dalibor
This work describes "the everyday life" of the Czech legionnaires in Russia during the period 1918-1920. The work is divided into several semi-autonomic chapters. Each chapter describes different part of ordinary legionnaires? lives. The work tries to answer questions like: How did they spend their free time? What did they eat? How were their feelings towards Russians and Russia? The main sources were personal diaries, memoirs and novels. In Annexes part can be found a list of sources and used literature, a brief chronological review, a dictionary of legionnaire?s speech etc. The work is concluded by several important photograps.
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