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Dam Breach of Eartfill Dams Due to Internal Erosion
Kotaška, Stanislav ; Hodák, Jiří (referee) ; Satrapa, Ladislav (referee) ; Jandora, Jan (advisor)
Dam breaches are relatively rare but can be catastrophic. In the event of a earthfill dam breach, a special flood will occur that can cause loss of life and property. While it is difficult to prevent a earthfill dam breach, it is important to focus on protecting the population. Depending on the type of damage expected to the earthfill dam, different measures are taken to protect people. After analysing possible dam failures and calculating the consequences, risks are assessed and then reduced by relocating people and property. Accurate analysis of potential failures and prediction of the flood wave is necessary to predict how a given special flood will propagate in the floodplain below the dam. The thesis clearly summarises the mechanism of earthfill dam breach due to internal erosion and presents mathematical methods for modelling this phenomenon. The main result is an increase in the predictive capability of the AREBA software used to simulate breaches of earthfill dams due to internal erosion and overtopping. An extension to the AREBA software has been introduced to allow the setting of different levels of comparison plane, consumption curves and reservoir characteristics. In addition, the AREBA software has been extended to include water balance equation and additional methods for dealing with water levels below the dam. New methods have also been added to deal with roof collapse of the seepage pipe, friction losses in the seepage pipe and dealing with the roughness coefficient calculations. A Monte Carlo method with LHS sampling was introduced to generate the input parameters. After applying the proposed improvements, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the most sensitive geotechnical model parameters. In addition, other software’s for simulating the failure of earthfill dams due to internal erosion was presented (EMBREA, DL Breach, WinDAM C) and its results were compared with the modified AREBA software on selected case studies.
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Evacuation of objects and equipments Emergency medical services of the capital city of Prague during special floods
PAVLEČKO, Michal
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the readiness of the Prague Emergency Medical Services in the event of special flood. The theoretical part of this work provides general information about special floods, facilities evacuation and addresses legislative issues in this area. In the research part, the threats of the special flood in the capital city - Prague were identified. The individual water works were evaluated, and by using flood maps it was determined which properties of Prague Emergency Medical Services are potentially exposed to the special flood. Furthermore, due to the complexity of the crisis preparedness evaluation, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the leaders of the crisis management of the Prague Emergency Medical Services. This semi-structured interview was assessed using a SWOT analysis, which revealed further findings that can be used to improve the crisis preparedness of the Prague Emergency Medical Services in the threat of the special flood. Based on SWOT analysis results, the "Strategy of an alliance" was selected in order to mitigate weaknesses and seizing opportunities. All conclusions are listed in tables and they are used in the research part in terms of new proposals and measures for the evacuation of the objects of the Prague Emergency Medical Services during the special flood. The aim of the thesis - evaluation of the readiness of the Prague Emergency Medical Services was fulfilled. The biggest and main benefit of the thesis are proposals for improving the crisis preparedness of the organization. This work brings new knowledge, procedures, and expertise in this matter. All proposals and their possible implementations in practice with potential inclusion in the crisis preparedness plan will be consulted at the next crisis management meeting.
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Population awareness of the emergence of a special flood under the Kamýk waterworks
HERMOVÁ, Barbora
Everyday we are threatened by small or large emergencies in our lives. It follows, that it would be good to know important and recommended behaviours in crisis situations and to be properly prepared for these emergencies. The aim of this Bachelor´s thesis is to review and evaluate the awareness of the population of Kamýk about tasks during a special flood. The theoretical part is based on legal standards, professional literature and internet resources. The theoretical part itself is focused on flood protection, floodplains and related flood plans. Other major covered areas are flood forecasting and reporting service and flood authorities. I also briefly mentioned dams in the Czech Republic, their historical development and their characteristics. The last segment of the theoretical part are examples of special floods in our country and in the world. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey. I created a questionnaire, which was then presented to students of primary school in Kamýk and other residents moving in the areas of Kamýk. To answer the research question "Is the population informed about the tasks of protection of the population in the event of special flood?" was carried out a questionnaire survey, which took place in contact form using a printed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 16 questions and was answered by a total of 82 respondents. This research revealed that the awareness of the population in the mentioned area is insufficient. It is therefore necessary to focus on improving awareness of this issue.
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Infectious diseases related to floods; protection of population and of Integrated Rescue System bodies at performing clean-up works in affected regions
BRAVENEC, Roman
In the recent years, floods have been an increasingly common natural phenomenon in the territory of the Czech Republic. I have chosen the bachelor thesis about the topic ?Infection diseases in connection with floods, protection of inhabitants and IRS forces when realizing clean-up operations in disaster areas? because I have been employed with the village of Loučovice in the position of the secretary. Due to its position on the flow of the Vltava River and below the water dam LIPNO 1, the village of Loučovice is threatened with both natural and special floods; therefore, timely awareness of citizens in case of possible threat is a basic prerequisite for the realization of effective measures for the protection of lives, health and property but also for possible elimination of effects of the flood. The paper summarizes possible causes of natural and special floods, which, in addition to considerable property damages, bring health risks too. As for the findings from the areas damaged by floods, I have identified the mostly occurring infection diseases after the flood goes off. In addition to the affected inhabitants, members of the intervention forces of the Integrated Rescue System and volunteers, who participate in rescue and clean-up operations, are also exposed to the infection diseases. Furthermore, I specify the evaluation of the statistical data identified in the system EPIDAT, which is used for monitoring of the epidemiological situation in the Czech Republic. The purpose of my paper is to gather collective information for the Flood Commission at the village of Loučovice. It concerns an overview of IRS forces and roles of the territorial self-governing units and their activity at the time of an extraordinary event. The result is an up-dated list of telephone contacts, so-called crisis card, recommendations for protection of property against the impact of the flood wave, possibilities of protection of water sources and the way of emergency supplies of drinking water, which are related to the threat of contagion with infection disease.
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Characteristics of the territory in relation to the possibilities of occurrence of extraordinary events and crisis situations and the way to solve them.
MRZENA, Pavel
The goal of my thesis was to provide a basic and comprehensive picture of the territory of the town of Tábor, and to describe how the characteristics influence the possibility of occurrence of extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the follow-up ways to solve these situations. Another goal of my thesis was to present a picture of the possibilities of occurrence of selected and particular extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the identification of the readiness level of the crisis management authorities of the town of Tábor for these events. In the final part there are findings and information based on which we can state that the hypotheses were confirmed. Based on the characteristics of the town of Tábor, which influence the occurrence of unfavourable events and their solutions, the level of readiness of the town for these events is considered to be good, and currently additional new measures are taken to stabilise and improve this readiness.
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The protection of a territory of the municipality with extended competence in case of a special flood
PROISL, Ivo
This bachelor thesis focuses mainly on protection of the population against effects of a special flood and it partly uses experience from natural floods in the past years. The protection against a special flood is in this thesis mostly applied to the territory of the town of Český Krumlov, the municipality with extended competence, situated downstream the Lipno hydraulic structure. One chapter describes the current situation and lists the floods experienced in the past years; another chapter deals with inputs for definition of floodplains and territories threatened by a special flood and describes basic activities of flood management bodies and owners of hydraulic structures. One section of the chapter on the current situation summarizes basic characteristics of the Lipno hydraulic structure and components of the Integrated Rescue System on the territory of the municipality with extended competence Český Krumlov. One of the objectives of the thesis was the evaluation of awareness and knowledge among the town residents; another objective was to verify how elaborate the individual inputs are and to evaluate the scope of consequences of a special flood downstream the mentioned hydraulic structure. The data about the knowledge were acquired by means of questionnaires and evaluated in form of diagrams. A qualitative method of research was used to evaluate how elaborate the individual measures are; in order to determine the scope of the special flood I compared the planned numbers of evacuated residents with the numbers of residents actually evacuated during the natural flood in 2002. The acquired results have shown that the existing documentation is sufficiently elaborate, however, it is essential to update it on a running basis. It is also necessary to improve the level of awareness among the general public. Other results have confirmed that the size of the territory endangered with a special flood is substantial and incomparably larger than in case of natural floods.
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Measure for protection of inhabitans in case of occurrence of a special flood on the selected water work of the 3rd category
JAROLÍN, Tomáš
The topic of my thesis is: {\clqq}Measure for protection of inhabitans in case of occurrence of a special flood on the selected water work of the 3rd category``. A special flood is flood caused by a defect or accident (rupture of the dam of the water work increasing the water level or accumulating water) or by emergency solution of a critical situation on the water work causing the occurrence of an extraordinary event (crisis situation) on the territory underneath the water work. For the elaboration of my thesis I selected the {\clqq}sludge bed in Hodějovice`` water work, the owner and operator of which is the Heating Plan České Budějovice a.s. (shar. Comp.). In case of occurence of a special flood, the local parts of České Budějovice, Mladé and Nové Hodějovice would be endangered. To prevent the unnecessary damage to health or even loss of life, the plan of protection for the territory underneath the water work from a special flood had to be elaborated. My task was to evaluate the sufficiency of this documentation and to supplement passibly the necessary data by the local examination and anylysis of the documents and the suggest additional protective measures.
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