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Experimental model of the ventral spinal cord lesion in rats.
Štěpánková, Kateřina ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Martončíková, Marcela (referee)
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a damage to the spinal cord that causes permanent or temporary changes in motor and sensory functions. In humans, the traumatic impact to spinal cord is mostly directed from the ventral part of the spinal column, even though SCI models are principally directed from the dorsal part of the spinal column due to easier surgery. The aim of the work described in this thesis was to develop clinically more relevant, easily reproducible and relatively inexpensive model of the ventral spinal cord lesion in rats which replicates SCI in humans as closely as possible by its pathology, completeness, level and regeneration. For the surgery we used a modification of a balloon- compression technique. The balloon of the 2F embolectomy Fogarty's catheter was placed to the anterior epidural space via laminectomy at the level of T10 and when the final position of the catheter was achieved at the spinal level T8 in front of the anterior median fissure, a balloon was rapidly inflated with 10 μl or 15 μl of water for 5 minutes. Other two groups - laminectomy only and ventral placement of the catheter without inflation were used as controls. The motor functions were evaluated by the BBB test and ladder walking test. In BBB test we observed significantly impaired motor functions in the 15 μl...
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Behavioral testing of animals after experimental spinal cord injury.
Freislebenová, Hana ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Kriška, Ján (referee)
Spinal cord injury is one of the most serious injury that leads to a decrease in the quality of life both physically and mentally. Although there is currently no effective treatment, great efforts are being made to develop new treatments. The effectiveness of experimental treatment is verified by behavioral tests performed on animal models, where rats are the most suitable ones for this type of injury. Behavioral tests are divided into several groups depending on what the testing is focused on. Locomotor tests examine the function of a locomotive apparatus, motor tests are used to determine the function of skeletal muscles not primarily involved in locomotion, sensory and motor tests test the functionality of sensory and motor apparatus and their interconnection, sensory tests are designed to test responses to sensory stimuli. Electrophysiological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging are part of a series of special tests that use artificially induced electrical stimuli to measure muscle activity. This thesis is focused on detailed description of selected behavioral tests, their functionality and comparison of their advantages and disadvantages.
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Experimental model of the ventral spinal cord lesion in rats.
Štěpánková, Kateřina ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Martončíková, Marcela (referee)
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a damage to the spinal cord that causes permanent or temporary changes in motor and sensory functions. In humans, the traumatic impact to spinal cord is mostly directed from the ventral part of the spinal column, even though SCI models are principally directed from the dorsal part of the spinal column due to easier surgery. The aim of the work described in this thesis was to develop clinically more relevant, easily reproducible and relatively inexpensive model of the ventral spinal cord lesion in rats which replicates SCI in humans as closely as possible by its pathology, completeness, level and regeneration. For the surgery we used a modification of a balloon- compression technique. The balloon of the 2F embolectomy Fogarty's catheter was placed to the anterior epidural space via laminectomy at the level of T10 and when the final position of the catheter was achieved at the spinal level T8 in front of the anterior median fissure, a balloon was rapidly inflated with 10 μl or 15 μl of water for 5 minutes. Other two groups - laminectomy only and ventral placement of the catheter without inflation were used as controls. The motor functions were evaluated by the BBB test and ladder walking test. In BBB test we observed significantly impaired motor functions in the 15 μl...
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Behavioral testing of animals after experimental spinal cord injury.
Freislebenová, Hana ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Kriška, Ján (referee)
Spinal cord injury is one of the most serious injury that leads to a decrease in the quality of life both physically and mentally. Although there is currently no effective treatment, great efforts are being made to develop new treatments. The effectiveness of experimental treatment is verified by behavioral tests performed on animal models, where rats are the most suitable ones for this type of injury. Behavioral tests are divided into several groups depending on what the testing is focused on. Locomotor tests examine the function of a locomotive apparatus, motor tests are used to determine the function of skeletal muscles not primarily involved in locomotion, sensory and motor tests test the functionality of sensory and motor apparatus and their interconnection, sensory tests are designed to test responses to sensory stimuli. Electrophysiological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging are part of a series of special tests that use artificially induced electrical stimuli to measure muscle activity. This thesis is focused on detailed description of selected behavioral tests, their functionality and comparison of their advantages and disadvantages.
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Behavioural selection criteria for Czech police puppies to assess their chances of certification.
Hradecká, Lenka ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The project based on behavioural tests of 7 week old German Shepherd puppies performed in police kennel in Prackovice nad Labem and Domažlice. The project focused on verification of the usability and improvement of the selection of puppies using behavioural test. We tested the possibility of environmental effect (presence of shooting range near the kennel Domažlice) on the later success of puppies in the behavioural test. The aim of the project was collecting additional data which were use to improve and verify procedure for early selection of puppies. We checked the possibility of habituation breeding females and their puppies to noise, including monitoring of the different environments in the kennels in. It was found that different results are affected by of their mothers. This means that puppies raised by mothers from the police kennel near shooting range are better evaluated later in the disciplines of evaluating response to noise compared with pups from mothers of police kennel without shooting range. Worse response to noise had pups from litters with a higher number of pups.
Reviews summarizing the literature on heritability of behavioural traits in dogs have been published repeatedly over the last four decades. The conclusions of these reviews vary to some extent. We applied meta-analysis and re-evaluated the literature available collecting 47 references dealing with heritability of behavioural traits in domestic dogs. For each study included, data was extracted for individual behavioural traits. Each of these traits was entered into the analysis as a separate unit of measure, giving a total of 1761 measures. We classified the traits measured in each study into five functional categories (Environment, Herding, Hunting, Play, and Psychical characteristic). The metaanalysis has shown low general heritability of the categorised behavioural traits analysed. Thus, the commonly used behaviour tests for many breeds, to determine the dog's eligibility for reproducing, traditionally required by many associations, is not supported by the present results of the meta-analysis.
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