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Critical infrastructure protection using distributed temperature sensing
Holcman, Jiří ; Dejdar, Petr (referee) ; Münster, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis aims to show the possibility of practical use of an optical fiber as a distributed temperature sensor. The main goal is the possibility of protection of waste pipes (critical infrastructure) against leaks, fluid leaks, line disturbances, fires, freezing, etc. The first part describes the basic elements of the system for distributed temperature measurement using optical fiber such as optical fiber sensor, block diagram involvement and theoretical basis on which the measurement is based. The physical principle of temperature sensing using an optical fiber using Raman backscattering of light is explained, as well as Rayleigh and Brillouin scatterings, which, however, are not used in this thesis. Furthermore, the main advantages of DTS systems are presented, such as the possibility of detection over long distances, almost maintenance-free operation with a long service life and easy installation in practice. Next, some global DTS manufactures of equipment for the implementation of these distributed temperature measurement systems. To verify the main parameters, a reference measurement was designed and implemented. In the next part of the work is assembled a simple DTS system simulating the practical implementation of pipelines in laboratory conditions. The possibilities of measured quantities such as sensitivity to temperature changes, resolution and measurement accuracy were verified on this system. All these values were recorded, graphically represented and evaluated. The investigated quantities were clearly marked and described on the graphs of the results. At the end of the work, the results of measurements were clearly summarized and the possibilities of practical use for the protection of critical infrastructures were indicated.
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Distributed temperature sensor
Holík, Tomáš ; Čučka, Milan (referee) ; Münster, Petr (advisor)
Distributed temperature sensors are currently widely used. They are used for measuring temperature using optical fiber. DTS systems measure the temperature along the optical fiber. Optical fiber is used as a direct source of information, not as a carrier. That is, optical fiber is used as a sensor measuring the temperature. This work includes designs of the measuring system DTS using Raman scattering and Mach-Zehnder modulator in a single-mode fiber.
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Optical Distributed Sensor Systems
Dorazin, David ; Münster, Petr (referee) ; Čučka, Milan (advisor)
This bachelors thesis solves possibilities of utilization optical fiber as a sensor. At the beginning the thesis desribes basic principle of ligh transmition in optical fiber, optical fiber and his linear and nonlinear properties. Second part of the thesis deals with sorting of distributed optical fiber sensors and describes each type of the sorted sensor due to principle which they work on. The Michelson interferometer is described and its modification in the form of the Fiber optic Michelson interferometer, which is designed and simulated in the VPIphotonics software. At the end of the thesis is performed measuring of vibrations by the Fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
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HDO Raman spectrum
Šubr, Martin ; Štěpánek, Josef (advisor) ; Procházka, Marek (referee)
Title: HDO Raman spectrum Author: Martin Šubr Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Josef Štěpánek, CSc., Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract: The main aim of this thesis is to determine the HDO Raman spectrum. This spectrum cannot be measured separately in its liquid form, but it is possible to obtain it by a specific mathematical processing of sets of measured spectra with different H/D ratios. In this work we measured Raman spectra of liquid water with different mole fractions of water and heavy water, which were evaluated by factor analysis. Except for well-known spectra of water and heavy water, spectrum of HDO was determined. For fitting of this spectrum and its analysis, model with equilibrium constant and linear correction of the spectral shape with respect to the relative ratio of D was used. Keywords: Raman scattering, water and heavy water, HDO, factor analysis
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Vibrational spectroscopy of pharmacologically important molecules: Study of L-DOPA and its deuterated derivatives
Spasovová, Monika ; Profant, Václav (advisor) ; Kaminský, Jakub (referee)
L-3,4-dihyroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA, levodopa) is a gold standard treatment of Parkinson's disease. Lately, it has been found that some of its deuterated analogues exhibit higher potency in the treatment; thus, they could replace L-DOPA. The subject of this thesis was a study of L-DOPA and its deuterated derivatives by the means of vibrational spectroscopy (Raman, ROA, IR, and VCD) and a comparison of the experimental results to a quantum mechanical simulations of the spectra. ROA and VCD are chiroptical methods, thus they are suitable for measurement of chiral molecules amongst which L-DOPA indeed belongs. Thanks to the quantum chemistry calculations, which yielded spectra with a very good agreement with the experiment, we were able to assign experimental spectral features to individual vibrational modes of the L-DOPA. The use of chiroptical techniques (mainly ROA) enabled an assignment of an absolute configuration of double deuterated derivative of L-DOPA, α,β-D2-L-DOPA. It reviled that it occurs in a (S-α,S-β)-enantiomeric form.
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Critical infrastructure protection using distributed temperature sensing
Holcman, Jiří ; Dejdar, Petr (referee) ; Münster, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis aims to show the possibility of practical use of an optical fiber as a distributed temperature sensor. The main goal is the possibility of protection of waste pipes (critical infrastructure) against leaks, fluid leaks, line disturbances, fires, freezing, etc. The first part describes the basic elements of the system for distributed temperature measurement using optical fiber such as optical fiber sensor, block diagram involvement and theoretical basis on which the measurement is based. The physical principle of temperature sensing using an optical fiber using Raman backscattering of light is explained, as well as Rayleigh and Brillouin scatterings, which, however, are not used in this thesis. Furthermore, the main advantages of DTS systems are presented, such as the possibility of detection over long distances, almost maintenance-free operation with a long service life and easy installation in practice. Next, some global DTS manufactures of equipment for the implementation of these distributed temperature measurement systems. To verify the main parameters, a reference measurement was designed and implemented. In the next part of the work is assembled a simple DTS system simulating the practical implementation of pipelines in laboratory conditions. The possibilities of measured quantities such as sensitivity to temperature changes, resolution and measurement accuracy were verified on this system. All these values were recorded, graphically represented and evaluated. The investigated quantities were clearly marked and described on the graphs of the results. At the end of the work, the results of measurements were clearly summarized and the possibilities of practical use for the protection of critical infrastructures were indicated.
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HDO Raman spectrum
Šubr, Martin ; Štěpánek, Josef (advisor) ; Procházka, Marek (referee)
Title: HDO Raman spectrum Author: Martin Šubr Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Josef Štěpánek, CSc., Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract: The main aim of this thesis is to determine the HDO Raman spectrum. This spectrum cannot be measured separately in its liquid form, but it is possible to obtain it by a specific mathematical processing of sets of measured spectra with different H/D ratios. In this work we measured Raman spectra of liquid water with different mole fractions of water and heavy water, which were evaluated by factor analysis. Except for well-known spectra of water and heavy water, spectrum of HDO was determined. For fitting of this spectrum and its analysis, model with equilibrium constant and linear correction of the spectral shape with respect to the relative ratio of D was used. Keywords: Raman scattering, water and heavy water, HDO, factor analysis
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Distributed temperature sensor
Holík, Tomáš ; Čučka, Milan (referee) ; Münster, Petr (advisor)
Distributed temperature sensors are currently widely used. They are used for measuring temperature using optical fiber. DTS systems measure the temperature along the optical fiber. Optical fiber is used as a direct source of information, not as a carrier. That is, optical fiber is used as a sensor measuring the temperature. This work includes designs of the measuring system DTS using Raman scattering and Mach-Zehnder modulator in a single-mode fiber.
|
|
|
Optical Distributed Sensor Systems
Dorazin, David ; Münster, Petr (referee) ; Čučka, Milan (advisor)
This bachelors thesis solves possibilities of utilization optical fiber as a sensor. At the beginning the thesis desribes basic principle of ligh transmition in optical fiber, optical fiber and his linear and nonlinear properties. Second part of the thesis deals with sorting of distributed optical fiber sensors and describes each type of the sorted sensor due to principle which they work on. The Michelson interferometer is described and its modification in the form of the Fiber optic Michelson interferometer, which is designed and simulated in the VPIphotonics software. At the end of the thesis is performed measuring of vibrations by the Fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
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