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Divorce rate in the Czech Republic: cross-sectional and cohort view
Hubálovská, Nikola ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Filasová, Alena (referee)
Divorce rate in Czech Republic: cross-sectional and cohort view Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with trends of divorce rate in the Czech Republic after the World War II up to the present. In the theoretical part it focuses on the legislative changes affecting divorce rate during the period under study and on the population structure according to marital status. Furthermore, it describes divorce rate development on the territory of the Czech Republic using demographic indicators measuring divorce quantum and timing. This part mainly shows the development of total and crude divorce rate and the impact of average marriage length on divorce frequency. The study of major causes of divorce and role of a minor child, or the number of minor children in the family on the divorce rate is included. Next chapter focuses on the study of divorce rate of selected marriage cohorts. The last chapter is dedicated to the international comparison of divorce rate. Keywords: divorce, divorce rate, Czech republic, divorce legislation, cohort divorce, marriage cohort
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Families and households in census data with a focus on the methodological aspects of the data
Habartová, Pavlína ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee) ; Čtrnáct, Pavel (referee)
Families and households in census data with a focus on the methodological aspects of the data Abstract Over the past few decades, significant changes in the family and household structure have been observed. Nevertheless, demographic behaviour does not have to be the only factor affecting these changes. Therefore, the thesis brings a comprehensive look at the family and household and focuses more on the methodological aspects of its structure and development evaluation. The first part of the thesis is rather a methodological work and introduces a detailed household methodology of one of the most important data source on families and households. Over the last half- century, the population and housing census has allowed a monitoring of household formation in the Czech Republic. Despite the efforts, new technologies, data collection and processing methods have required a change of the household concept in the last census. Since then, the time series have not been fully comparable. For the first time, household type derivation was based on automated process only, using a predefined algorithm. This algorithm, drafted by the author of the thesis, is also introduced in a separate chapter. The thesis also includes analytical chapters discussing the long-term development of the family and household structure...
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Child mortality in less developed countries
Magenheimová, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šustová, Šárka (referee)
Child mortality in less developed Abstract The Bachelor thesis explores trends of child mortality in the age group under five years in developing countries in the period from the start of statistical data registration to the present. Selected demographic indicators are used in order to depict patterns of child mortality in world regions according to the classification of UNICEF, in which developing countries are located. Next, the development of child mortality is examined in selected developing countries. The specific factors affecting child mortality are taken into account. The study of child mortality also focuses on gender differentials, medical causes of the death, and development in the coming decades. Keywords: child mortality, less developed countries, gender, medical cause
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Fertility differentiation after the second world war in the Czech Republic and Japan
Cellarová, Irena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šustová, Šárka (referee)
Fertility differentiation after the Second World War in the Czech Republic and Japan Abstract The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the fertility evolution in the Czech Republic and Japan after the Second World War until now, whereas there have been significant changes in this period. The analysis of fertility places emphasis on comparing the evolution of total fertility rate, the mean age of women at childbirth and the proportion of non-martial births. Although the indicator of total fertility rate started from relatively high and diverse values now the differences between countries are at a negligible level, and the value of total fertility rate is far below the replacement level. The mean age of women at childbirth in Japan has maintained a higher value than in the Czech Republic throughout the period. The proportions of non-marital births are extremely different; the value exceeds 40 % in the Czech Republic, unlike Japan, where it has never exceeded even 3 %, which is particularly due to a low proportion of cohabitation in the country. Keywords: fertility, second demographic transition, Czech Republic, Japan
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Determinants of Fertility and Regional Differentiation of Fertility in the Czech Republic after 1991
Kurkin, Roman ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (referee) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
Determinants of Fertility and Regional Differentiation of Fertility in the Czech Republic after 1991 Abstract Dissertation mainly focuses on the factors that affect the level of fertility in the Czech Republic during the extensive changes in reproductive behavior since the 90s of the 20th century to the present. Pivotal analytical parts are conducted on two levels. On an individual level, the work uses data from the 2011 Population and Housing Census and models the number of children ever-born to a woman and the number of dependent children within the private household in relation to the determinants of fertility. Determinants of fertility of a partner are also included. The Total Fertility Rate at the aggregate district level is used as the dependent variable, which is determined by the factors of regional differentiation of the transversal fertility. The issue of determinants of fertility is complemented by general analysis of trends of transversal and cohort fertility rates, differential cohort fertility by various characteristics and the regional aspect. Methodological issues of population censuses, different indicators of fertility and approach to analysis at different scales are also widely discussed. Level of cohort fertility of women beyond the reproductive age was for the first time in the history...
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Fertility changes in the context of gender revolution with focus on the man's role in the family in the Czech Republic
Koudelka, Pavel ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Zvára, Karel (referee) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Title: Fertility changes in the context of gender revolution with focus on the man's role in the family in the Czech republic Author: Mgr. Pavel Koudelka Department: Department of Demography and Geodemography Statistics Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jitka Rychtaříková, CSc. Abstract: Profound changes are occurring in the relations between men and women in European families and societies, a transformation that is referred to as the 'gender revolution'. Considering the unprecedented drop in fertility, some important questions may be asked: in a more egalitarian society/family, could we expect a rise in the birth rate? Does men's participation in housework and child- care have an impact on the number of children born (in a family)? Czech society is slowly adapting to gender equality, but this is more apparent in the general mood and opinions than in the reality of households and families. We drew on two waves of a panel study Generations & Gender Survey (GGS) performed in the Czech republic and compared the information about the real involvement of men in households in which (a number of) children were born in between the waves. This is an advantage of GGS over similar studies: we have information about real- ity, real facts, and not only values and attitudes to gender equality or the number of children a...
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The development of the birth rate and preschool education in the Czech Republic after 1950
Křesťanová, Jana ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
The development of the birth rate and preschool education in the Czech Republic after 1950 Abstract The main aim of the thesis is to map in detail the development of preschool education and financial support for families with children in the Czech Republic in the context of the development of birth rate after 1950. The development of birth rate in the thesis is not only analyzed by using basic indicators, but also through deeper decomposition methods. It turns out, that quality and availability of all network preschool institutions in the context has a certain role in the birth rate. The reconciliation of work and family is very important for lots of parents and sufficient offer of preschool care can help it. However, the demand for preschool institutions exceeded supply, as was shown in accordance with obtained data. It was also found out by the insight into the outcomes of surveys that the vast majority of respondents do not think that a preschool child of working mother would be suffering. In the future, should not only expand the capacity of childcare facilities as well as other options for facilitation of reconciling work and family life, such as better offer of flexible working hours. Keywords: birth rate, decomposition, preschool facilities, financial support for families with children, surveys,...
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Higher Education Graduates in the Labour Market
Váňová, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of my final master thesis is to describe the situation about higher education graduates and their position on the labour market in the Czech Republic. I am especially observing the employment and unemployment situation of people who have completed higher education. Due to the rapid increase in their number, I consider the topic to date. For assessing the whole situation first I characterize the educational situation in the Czech Republic. I focus on the educational structure of the population by age, gender and region. I am using mainly data from the Labour Force Survey, averages for the year 2014. Furthermore I briefly describe higher education students and recent graduates. Finally, I try to link these two parts with part of the labour market. To track the position of educated people like this I use descriptive methods and analytical methods. I deal with the influence of education on time spent on the labour market. Based on the tables of the economic activity I estimate the life expectancy of activity life by educational attainment. For this I am using the educational structure of the population from the Labour Force Survey and data on the number of deaths. In the final analytical part of my work I observe with the help of logistic regression and statistical program SAS the odds ratios...
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US mortality by sex and race: past and present
Černá, Tereza ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe mortality in the United States by sex, race and Hispanic origin. The development of indicators of mortality in the period 1933-2014 for the overall population by sex and in 2006-2011 for the Hispanic and non-Hispanic population is examined. The development of mortality is analyzed in terms of life expectancy at birth, infant mortality rate, temporary life expectancy at ages of 1-29 and 30-64 completed years and in terms of life expectancy at age 65. There are also listed the most common causes of death of the individual races and ethnicities. The development of mortality is set in a larger context. Lifestyles and other factors of the various races and ethnicities impact on the differences in the values of survival indicators. Keywords: Mortality in the US, race and ethnicity, the Hispanic population Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Fertility analysis in the Czech Republic of 2011 census data
Pištorová, Markéta ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Fertility analysis in the Czech Republic of 2011 census data Abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe the development of fertility in cohort perspective based on census data, population and housing census was held in the Czech Republic March 26, 2011. An integral part of the analysis is differential fertility which focuses on women's fertility differences depending on marital status, educational attainment, economic activity and religious belief. The demographic analyses were used as the methods of the thesis, namely the completed fertility rate (average number of live births per woman of one generation at the end of her reproductive period), order-specific completed fertility rate and the parity progression ration (the probability that a woman with i children will have i + 1 children). The decline of completed fertility rate seems to be a permanent phenomenon and traditional determinants of fertility still have some influence. A growing proportion of children are born to single mothers. There is an increasing proportion of university graduates, whose completed fertility rate is the lowest among educational categories. Women claiming to religious beliefs, or the Roman Catholic Church, have the highest value of the completed fertility rate of all categories according to religious beliefs. Keywords:...
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