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An assessment of interspecific hybridization between Central-European taxa from the genus Nymphaea: insights from flow cytometry and multivariate morphometrics
Kabátová, Klára ; Suda, Jan (advisor) ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee)
Although the genus Nymphaea (waterlily) includes only two native species (N. alba and N. candida) in Central Europe, it poses a great challenge to taxonomy and biosystematics. The determination of both species is hampered by their phenotypic similarities, and species boundaries can be further blurred by interspecific hybridization. In addition, ornamental cultivars of different parentage often escape from cultivation and make the situation even more complex. To get insight into the caryological and phenotypic variability of czech waterlilies, the DNA flow cytometry and both distance-based and geometric morphometrics were used. Collections showed two different groups of fluorescence intensities, corresponding to N. alba and N. candida, respectively. In addition, intermediate values of nuclear DNA amount were found in some plants from South Bohemia, indicating their hybrid origin. Surprisingly, ornamental cultivars possessed the smallest genome sizes. The amount of nuclear DNA therefore seems to be a promising species-specific marker that enables not only native species but also cultivars to be distinguished. Cytometrically-proven individuals have been subjected to multivariate morphometrics, and high differenciation was discovered especially between native species. More complicated seems the distinction...
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Population biology and ecology of Phyteuma orbiculare L.
Fialová, Tereza ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee)
Population biology and ecology of the species Phyteuma orbiculare L. Abstract This diploma's thesis deals with Phyteuma orbiculare L. (Round-headed Rampion) from family Campanulaceae. According to the law (MŽP ČR 395/1992 Sb.) the studied species is classified as a seriously endangered species of the Czech flora. Two of its distinguished subspecies (subsp. montanum and flexuosum) are on the Red list of vascular plant species (Procházka 2001) of critically endangered species. One of the outputs of this thesis are grid maps of all localities of the species in the following time intervals: until 1949, 1950 - 1989, 1990 - 1999 and 2000 - 2010. As information sources about location of P. orbiculare I used herbaria collections, literature, botanical databases, and Protected Landscape Area Administrative reports. Some data were obtained from botanical experts and some from my personal field-work. One of the main results of thesis is comparison of the distribution of historical and recent localities of the species. I studied chemical composition of soil, species composition and number of flowering plants amount of populations in 21 recent and 19 historical localities in Czech Republic. Recent localities are richer in species and poorer in nutritive substances than the historical localities. Number of flowering...
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Genome size evolution in Costaceae
Böhmová, Alžběta ; Fér, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee)
Genome size in plants varies greatly; in angiosperms this variability can make a 2400- fold difference. This is why the subject of many studies is the attempt to explain these differences in various contexts. One of these is the phylogenetic viewpoint, which studies the relationships between genome size and different taxonomic groups. Many studies have been published so far which explore the plants of the temperate zone; there are however very few studies investigating genome size in tropical plants. For this reason, the subject of this thesis is the analysis of genome size in the pantropical family Costaceae Nakai. This family presently includes seven genera: Monocostus K.Schum., Dimerocostus Kuntze, Costus L., Paracostus C.D.Specht, Chamaecostus C.D.Specht & D.W.Stev, Hellenia Retz. and Tapeinochilos Miq., counting altogether about 300 species. The family is sister to the family Zingiberaceae, which has been notably better explored due to its economic importance. One of the aims of this thesis was a partial revision of the phylogeny published by Specht (2006). Molecular methods were used to analyse the phylogenetic relationships; these methods included classical sequencing of the trnL-F region and next-generation sequencing, where probes designed in advance were used to obtain the targeted genes....
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An assessment of interspecific hybridization between Central-European taxa from the genus Nymphaea: insights from flow cytometry and multivariate morphometrics
Kabátová, Klára ; Suda, Jan (advisor) ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee)
Although the genus Nymphaea (waterlily) includes only two native species (N. alba and N. candida) in Central Europe, it poses a great challenge to taxonomy and biosystematics. The determination of both species is hampered by their phenotypic similarities, and species boundaries can be further blurred by interspecific hybridization. In addition, ornamental cultivars of different parentage often escape from cultivation and make the situation even more complex. To get insight into the caryological and phenotypic variability of czech waterlilies, the DNA flow cytometry and both distance-based and geometric morphometrics were used. Collections showed two different groups of fluorescence intensities, corresponding to N. alba and N. candida, respectively. In addition, intermediate values of nuclear DNA amount were found in some plants from South Bohemia, indicating their hybrid origin. Surprisingly, ornamental cultivars possessed the smallest genome sizes. The amount of nuclear DNA therefore seems to be a promising species-specific marker that enables not only native species but also cultivars to be distinguished. Cytometrically-proven individuals have been subjected to multivariate morphometrics, and high differenciation was discovered especially between native species. More complicated seems the distinction...
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Population biology and ecology of Phyteuma orbiculare L.
Fialová, Tereza ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor)
Population biology and ecology of the species Phyteuma orbiculare L. Abstract This diploma's thesis deals with Phyteuma orbiculare L. (Round-headed Rampion) from family Campanulaceae. According to the law (MŽP ČR 395/1992 Sb.) the studied species is classified as a seriously endangered species of the Czech flora. Two of its distinguished subspecies (subsp. montanum and flexuosum) are on the Red list of vascular plant species (Procházka 2001) of critically endangered species. One of the outputs of this thesis are grid maps of all localities of the species in the following time intervals: until 1949, 1950 - 1989, 1990 - 1999 and 2000 - 2010. As information sources about location of P. orbiculare I used herbaria collections, literature, botanical databases, and Protected Landscape Area Administrative reports. Some data were obtained from botanical experts and some from my personal field-work. One of the main results of thesis is comparison of the distribution of historical and recent localities of the species. I studied chemical composition of soil, species composition and number of flowering plants amount of populations in 21 recent and 19 historical localities in Czech Republic. Recent localities are richer in species and poorer in nutritive substances than the historical localities. Number of flowering...
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