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Development of environmental friendly materials
Peterková, Jitka ; ,, Milan Machatka, (referee) ; Plachý, Jan (referee) ; Šťastník, Stanislav (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
Increasing demand for new progressive construction materials requires development of modern environmentally friendly materials with excellent end-use properties and reasonable price. One of the main objectives of material research in building industry is using renewable resources of raw materials of industrial waste for development of new construction materials. Current trend of thermal insulation of building constructions results in development of environmentally friendly insulation materials based on renewable material resources from agriculture and stock farming, which could became alternative for current common use insulation materials in the future. The thesis describes research and development of insulation materials based on natural fibres of agricultural origin; in particular fibres of hemp, flax and jute. Hydrothermal behavior of developed materials is studied including computational simulation of behavior of researched materials after building in the construction.
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Study of the behavior of insulating materials in a high humidity environment
Havelka, Jindřich ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
Extruded polystyrene (XPS) is presented as non-absorbent material and it is applied in building construction with high moisture, such as inverted roof. The reason for that is a very good ratio of thermal and mechanical properties and it is used in moisture-loaded applications due to the closed pore structure and high diffusion resistance factor, which are declared by the manufacturers. Long-term experience and studies show that XPS accumulates moisture during long-term exposure in an environment with high humidity. A long-term water absorption test at full immersion for 84 days has been proposed to better illustrate the trend of increasing water absorption. A total of 6 products from different manufacturers that are recommended for inverted roof application, were tested. All tested XPS products have reached high amount of water absorption. The main goal was to map the real properties of XPS at high humidity loads. It was found that each product showed a different degradation of thermal conductivity at the same volume moisture value. Furthermore, there was found the connection between the surface structure and amount of water absorption. Products with waffle structure had higher humidity than products with a fine structure.
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Study of possibilities of optimalization of properties of alternative thermal insulating materials on natural base
Břicháček, Pavel ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The presented work investigates the mechanisms of propagation of heat and moisture in the structure of heat-insulating materials based on natural fibers. The main aim of this work is the experimental verification of theoretical patterns, which are involved in the transport of heat and moisture in fibrous materials, especially the influence of fibers thickness and density of the fibrous materials. To widen outputs of the work were selected different kinds of natural fiber materials of vegetable and animal origin. The results of the work should help to optimize the production processes of natural insulation materials considering their optimal thermal properties. From the data collected are deduced general conclusions to better understanding the behavior of these materials.
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Study of behavior of fiber structures under low pressure
Heliová, Magdaléna ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with study of behavior of fibrous organic insulants under greatly reduced pressure (even to vacuum). Development, production and durability of vacuum insulating panels are described in the theoretical part as well as principles of heat transfer. Method for production of core of VIP, created using waste fibers from textile industry and agriculture, is described in the practical part. Verification of behavior during normal and reduced pressure (even to vacuum) was carried out on experimentally made core insulants.
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Influence of thermal and moisture loads on the behavior of thermal insulation and repair materials based on silicates
Horáková, Lucie ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
Bachelor thesis dealt with the study of thermal insulating and repairing materials based on silicates. The theoretical part includes a literature search of conducted researches, which x focused on the development of thermal insulating and repairing plasters with low thermal conductivity, including the study of their hygrothermal behaviour and modification of capillary activity. Futher there is a description of the hygrothermal behaviour of building materials with the expansion of this issue on porous materials. The knowledge from theoretical part was used in the experimental part, particularly at designing recipes. According to the designed recipes there were blended samples of plasters on which were subsequently tested selected properties. The results were put into context with the results of the research teams from a literature search.
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Development of vacuum insulation in construction and their possible application
Kováriková, Růžena ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The subject of the thesis is to conduct an extensive literature review on the topic of vacuum insulation and their use in construction. Processing includes the development of these materials from their inception to the present. The theoretical part is devoted to the composition and production of vacuum insulation, which are available on the industrial market. On the basis of researches should be conducted suggestion of possible alternative core insulators primarily on the basis of secondary raw materials, which could be after evacuating used in the manufacture of vacuum insulation used in the building.
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Development of thermal insulating materials based on waste textile fibers
Přikrylová, Pavlína ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The increasing quantity of waste represents serious environmental, social and economic problem. Wastes produced from industry and households. A large part of the economy transforms a certain amount of raw materials to waste in their production, because it is currently emphasis is placed on finding sustainable sources of raw materials. One of the suitable secondary raw materials can be discarded textiles or waste from the textile industry. These kinds of textile waste often ends up in landfills or incinerators, so it is from an ecological and environmentally advantageous to their further use. The diploma thesis deals with the study and development of thermal and acoustic insulation materials based on textile fibers. It focuses on the legislative requirements for waste management for the sorting of textile wastes and their subsequent modification before reuse. Further it contains kinds of textile fibers and bonding technologies thermal and acoustic insulation materials. Finally, an evaluation of thermal insulation, acoustic and mechanical properties of fibrous insulation materials.
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Study of hygrotherma behavior of thermal insulating materials based on natural fibers
Kosturová, Andrea ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The content of this work is to describe the transport of heat and moisture in thermal insulation materials based on natural fibers. The disadvantage in using these materials when incorporated into the construction is their low resistance to moisture. Therefore this work is further interested on possible modifications of natural fibers, which could correct it. Implemented literature research is approaching trends in the usage of dynamic simulations of heat and moisture transfer through material. Based on the findings from previous works on the VUT and theoretical part there were applied various kinds of impregnating preparations on a sample of insulation from hemp and the evaluation of their effect on the properties of the insulator.
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