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Application of Optical Endoscopic Methods in Diagnostics of Head and Neck Mucosal Tumors
Šatanková, Jana ; Chrobok, Viktor (advisor) ; Pellant, Arnošt (referee) ; Zeleník, Karol (referee)
Diagnosis of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer is often in advanced stages of cancer, resulting in elimination of the possibility of treatment with the least mutilating effect for the patient. The huge progamination. ress in diagnostic process of mucosal tumors of the head and neck has been started with the development of new optical endoscopic imaging methods that are able to visualize initiating discrete mucosal changes with pathological vascularization easier and more accurately. The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the benefit of Narrow Band Imaging (NBI), especially in the differentation of benign, precancerous and malignant changes in three groups of patients, it means in preoperative diagnostics in outpatient department (group I), during the endoscopic surgery (group II) and also in follow-up of patients after curative radiotherapy (group III). The vascular changes within the observed lesion or in close contact with the laryngeal/hypopharyngeal lesion were classified according to two classifications (Ni and Arens) and subsequently correlated with the histopathological results. The dissertation confirmed that NBI plays a key role in early detection of precancerous and malignant changes, in discrimination between benign and malignant vascular patterns with statistical significance. We...
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Clinical aspects of human papillomavirus infection in diagnosis and treatment in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx
Košľabová, Eva ; Klozar, Jan (advisor) ; Pellant, Arnošt (referee) ; Zámečník, Josef (referee)
A studies carries for the last twenty years accumulated data that show two different etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Tumors located in the oral cavity are often independent of the viral infection and is associated with tobacco and alcohol use. Approximately 26 % of all HNC and more than 50 % of tonsillar cancers are associated with the presence of high risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV). The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in HPV DNA prevalence in oral rinses and/ or HPV - specific antibody levels in sera of patients with head and neck carcinoma (HNC) have prognostic significance. Patients with HNC were enrolled (N=142). The presence of HPV DNA was assayed in tumor tissue and oral rinses, and HPV-specific antibodies were assessed in sera. Sera were drawn one month and one year after the end of treatment. One year after treatment, oral rinses were collected. Altogether, 59.2 % tumors were HPV positive. Initially, the presence of HPV DNA in the tumors strongly correlated with HPV DNA positivity in oral rinses as well as with the presence of HPV- specific antibodies in sera. Out of 66 patients with HPV positive oral rinses at enrollment, 84.8 % became negative at one-year follow up. The mean titres of HPV 16 E6 and E7 antibodies at follow- up were lower in...
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Olfactory testing with focus on workers in the chemical factory
Vodička, Jan ; Pellant, Arnošt (advisor) ; Astl, Jaromír (referee) ; Kabelka, Zdeněk (referee)
A) Olfactory evaluation using perfumed markers In our work we focused on creation of a new, cheap and orientation method of olfactometry. To assess olfactory function we decided to use perfumed markers, available in stationery, made by company Centropen. These markers are designed for use by children. We projected four individual studies to create a new technique of examination using perfumed markers and to evaluate its function. 1. In a pilot study we examined 100 subjects (50 healthy and 50 suffering from olfactory loss). Examination technique consisted of two parts, discrimination of odorants and identification. The results of this test were in concordance with generally used subjective olfactometry tests. 2. Due to huge time consumption of technique used in the pilot study, we decided to find simpler and faster technique of examination. Five different techniques were created and compared with standard olfactory test Sniffin' Sticks (part threshold and identification). In total 189 subjects were included in this study. The technique with the best results considering sensitivity and specificity for screening ansomia was named Odourized Markers Test (OMT). The subjects were asked to spontaneously name the odorants fist and then to choose the most proper name for an odorant from four options. This...
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