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The transformative capacity of artificial intelligence: A critical approach to alignment in Security Studies
Morales Mendoza, Ivan Emmanuel ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Judge, Andrew (referee)
The Transformative Capacity of Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Approach to Alignment in Security Studies. By Ivan Emmanuel Morales Mendoza Charles University Student Number: 81738503 Abstract As the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increase around the world, academics and policymakers have paid renewed attention to ensure their behaviour remains aligned to their operator's expectations, especially in sensitive areas involving public, national, and international security. The use of AI systems in security contexts, especially those considered as "high-risk," is a security issue because humans are trusting a technology, based on their expectations, to produce outcomes to make individuals and communities safer. This leads to an increase in the use of algorithms to perform policing duties, target identification, intelligence generation, among others. However, current theoretical and methodological proposals are limited when considering the transformative impact AI can have in security studies. Therefore, this article will analyse three of the current proposals for AI alignment -symbolic, Machine Learning and hybrid- to illustrate how security studies could strengthen its conceptual and methodological robustness when analysing security risks associated with the use of AI systems. To do...
Tradition of coca leaves utilization by the quechua people in Bolivia
Morales, Ivan
Bolivia is a country located in the heart of South America. It extends from the Andes Mountain Range to the Amazon Rain forest. The combination of its geographical location and topography lends itself to a vast array of microclimates that provide a rich platform for a wide variety of agricultural, livestock and forest products. Coca (Erythroxylum coca.) is a plant that is native to the Yungas area. Its traditional crop dates back to pre-Inca times. Since the 1970s its cultivation increased greatly due to the rapid growth of the plant and its dynamic commercialization. While it was used primarily as raw material in the manufacturing of hallucinogenic drugs, this document describes its traditional uses as applied by the inhabitants of the Chapare region where it was most aggressively cultivated. The inhabitants of the region were comprised of natives known as the Quechua who immigrated to the region and workers who were relocated from the mines that were closed as a result of a Supreme Court Decree 21080. This Decree was implemented to stop the illegal use and trafficking of the Coca plant as a drug.
Inequality and housing poverty in Bolivia since Morales government
Morales, Ivan
This thesis analyzes the proposals of the Bolivian government in force from 2006 to the present to combat issues of poverty and inequality. Describing the programs elaborated by the MAS government, which consist of three economic bonds, the Juancito Pinto bond (education), the Juana Azurduy bond (health) and Renta Dignidad (senior citizens). As well as analyzing the government's response to the housing situation. Describing the government agency AEVIVIENDA, its programs, and finally making an analysis of the situation in terms of quantitative and qualitative housing in relation to these programs. Demonstrating if indeed poverty and inequality has been improved during the period of Evo Morales government.

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