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Major dietary mistakes in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension
Hampl, Petr ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
Abstact Arterial hypertension is one of the most serious risk factors for cardiovascular complications in the form of stroke, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and other manifestations of atherosclerosis. Damage caused by the disease increases over time due to asymptomatic course and interaction with other risk factors, especially dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, smoking habits, or obesity. These combinations of risk factors, together with hypertension, further multiply the overall cardiovascular risk of sufferers. Although arterial hypertension is influenced by pharmacological treatment and lifestyle modification, its high prevalence represents a serious health problem in both the Czech Republic and in other developed countries. This bachelor thesis aims to evaluate the eating habits of patients with essential hypertension, a multifactorial form of the disease without a specific causing cause, and of hypertonics with primary aldosteronism, which arises on the basis of autonomous overproduction of aldosterone. Although this form of disease has a specifically treatable cause, its course and organ complications are often more serious than those of essential hypertension. Dietary habits, together with adherence to other nonpharmacological measures, can largely moderate the manifestations of the disease...
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Salt intake by patients with primary hyperaldosteronism
Sahatciu, Mrika ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
1 Abstract My bachelor's thesis focuses on the intake of table salt and other dietary approaches and habits in patients with primary aldosteronism, an extreme form of salt-sensitive hypertension. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the term and risk factors associated with primary aldosteronism, summarizes the diagnosis and treatment procedures especially dietary measures which are very important in the treatment. The practical part was based and developed using an anonymous questionnaire form. The questionnaire consisted of 66 questions ranging from sociodemographic to awareness, education, dietary habits and dietary preferences in relation to salt intake. The purpose of this study was thereby to determine the dietary habits and sodium chloride intake of patients with primary aldosteronism. The total number of patients who were approached was 15, mostly males which were 11 and females were 4. The diet was fairly regular, but with more than half prioritizing lunch and dinner rather than breakfast. When they had a higher intake of cold cuts, salty bars, chips compared to fruit and vegetables. Most of the patients were educated about salt restriction diet and diet in hypertension due to the characteristics of the cohort, but few of them actually follow it. And there were no efforts to limit salt...
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The assertion of graduates of the 3rd Medical School Charles University in General Nursing of class 2018 and 2019
Krátká, Zuzana ; Zvoníčková, Marie (advisor) ; Bakusová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis mainly investigates the research about the employment of graduates in the field of General Nurse study at the Third Faculty of Medicine at Charles University for the years 2018 and 2019. The theoretical part mainly focuses on the Act N. 96/2004 Coll., of Non-Medical Health Profession and regulations govern the agenda related to the field of nursing. It also describes the history of nursing and higher education in nursing, both in the Czech Republic and worldwide. Also, it deals with the creation of the field of General Nurse study at the Third Faculty of Medicine at Charles University. Last but not least, the thesis concentrates on the adaptation process and what is its goal. The author ascertains the current situation of the employment of graduates from the field of General Nurse study in the practical part via a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire survey explicitly aimed at the place of work and focus of the graduate's work, the length of the adaptation process, the supervisors, the salary and, last but not least, the overall satisfaction of the graduate with university training at the Third Faculty of Medicine at Charles University.
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in pregnancy
Kovářová, Tereza ; Krátká, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hadlová, Petra (referee)
(EN) Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic autoimmune disease of the intestinal tract including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and other unspecified colitis. Depending on the type of disease, inflammation affects the small or large intestine or rectum. It is a multifactorial disease in which the intestinal microflora, the immune system status, and genetic predisposition are crucial. IBD is most often diagnosed in late adolescence or early adulthood. Due to the availability of quality treatment, the health status of IBD patients also improves, allowing them to consider starting a family after the disease has calmed down. Patients have fewer children than the general population, but there was no significantly higher risk of infertility. A prerequisite for successful pregnancy and childbirth is a stable condition of the disease and the use of treatment during pregnancy to prevent relapse. A specific problem of patients is voluntary childlessness because of worries about the worsening of IBD during or after pregnancy, about negative effects of treatment on a foetus, but also an occurrence of disease in offspring This work aims to summarize the issue of pregnancy in patients with IBD and to provide information on the current situation in patients with IBD in the Czech Republic. Keywords:...
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The Greek Community in the Czech Republic after 1992
Krátká, Zuzana ; Tsivos, Konstantinos (advisor) ; Šípová, Pavlína (referee)
This bachelor thesis is about the history of the Greek community in our territory. The first part deals with the Greek Civil War. The second part is devoted to the arrival of Greek political emigrants to the former Czechoslovakia. The following section focuses on Greek organizations that are currently active in the Czech Republic. The last part of the thesis contains an analysis of two questionnaire surveys focusing on the current situation of the Greek community in the Czech Republic.
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Profile of a person with resistant hypertension in terms of lifestyle. The level of knowledge of non-pharmacological measures and their observance.
Pražanová, Ivana ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
Arterial hypertension represents serious health issue in developed countries. Together with smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia and obesity it is one of the most important risk factor of the cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease, stroke and other atherosclerosis manifestation. This bachelor thesis in its theoretical part contains an overview of basic facts about arterial blood pressure, regulatory mechanisms in the organism related to the possibilities of pharmacological interventions and also an overview of non-pharmacological measures, recommended to be introduced together with the pharmacological treatment of the hypertension. The thesis studies an effect of psycho-social factors on the hypertension prevalence in population and possibilities of hypertension prevention and treatment via lifestyle changes. The barriers in lifestyle changes implementation are described as well as scientific papers studying an effect of multi-component behavioral intervention on the blood pressure. Practical part of the thesis analyzes an anonymous research based on the questionnaire distributed among 72 3rd internal clinic patients diagnosed with the resistant hypertension and located at the department C. Personal characteristics and the patients' style of life was followed in order to find any typical...
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Major dietary mistakes in patients with severe arterial hypertension
Jandová, Jana ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
My bachelor's thesis was focused on the main mistakes in dietary habits in patients with severe form of arterial hypertension. Theory defines concept of arterial hypertension, summarizes the risk factors of arterial hypertension, epidemiology and treatment. The last part of my work was focused on the most important findings in dietology, which are crucially important in treatment of arterial hypertension. Practical part of my work was based on anonymous questionnaire survey. Questionnaire includes questions on lifestyle and eating habits of patients with severe arterial hypertension. The aim of the study was determine whether patients follow recomended dietary intervention and the most common diet mistakes of patients. We have included 55 patients, predominantly males, mean age 52 ± 13 years and BMI 32 ± 5 kg/m2 . The diet regime was often irregular with frequent absence of breakfast. Intake of fruits, vegetables and fish was insufficient. In the composition of the diet frequently occurring adverse sausages, butter, fatty cheese and cream products. Also we have found inappropriately high intake of sugary beverages and food, whether in the form of pastries or sweets. Study has also shown that observed patients rarely engage in physical activities. In conclusion, study shows which dietary mistakes...
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