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The role of gut microbiome and autoimmune mechanisms in patients with anorexia nervosa
Kovářová, Tereza ; Procházková, Petra (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee)
In addition to gastroenterological diseases, changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota have been also described in several neurological and psychiatric diseases, including eating disorders. My intention in this work is to clarify whether changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota may be involved in the development of anorexia nervosa (AN) and whether there is a correlation between these changes and possible immunopathological reactions in patients with anorexia nervosa. The study included 30 acute patients (disease duration up to 3 years), 30 patients with a chronic course of the disease (duration longer than 7 years), and 30 healthy controls. The research included analysis of the gut microbiome using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and determination of serum levels of autoantibodies against selected neuropeptides regulating food intake (by ELISA). Furthermore, serum levels of biomarkers of microbial translocation through the intestinal barrier, intestinal cell damage, and inflammation were detected by ELISA. The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured using Luminex instrument. We also introduced an experimental ABA (activity-based anorexia) mouse model, which may contribute significantly to further investigating mechanisms of anorexia...
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Coping Strategies of Employees of Low-threshold Services for Drug Users
Kovářová, Tereza ; Janíková, Barbara (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: Low-threshold addiction facilities are in contact primarily with active drug users and deal with a very wide range of problems and situations, including those in crisis. Coping strategies can be crucial in preventing the burnout syndrome, which puts people in the helping professions, including workers in low-threshold addiction facilities, at risk. There is no published study in our territory that would aim at coping strategies on above mentioned target group. Aims: To map coping strategies of workers in low-threshold addiction facilities and to describe possible differences in these strategies between men and women. Methods: This is an online questionnaire study among employees of all low-threshold addiction facilities in the Czech Republic. A sample research group consisted of all employees of these facilities who work here for at least 20 hours a week. Respondents were acquired by the method of self-selection. A mixed research design was chosen. Data was obtained through a standardized Stress Management Strategy questionnaire 78 and an open-ended question focusing on what helps respondents reduce stress and tension. The structured questionnaire was converted into electronic form and sent to respondents through individual low-threshold services for drug users. The obtained data were...
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in pregnancy
Kovářová, Tereza ; Krátká, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hadlová, Petra (referee)
(EN) Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic autoimmune disease of the intestinal tract including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and other unspecified colitis. Depending on the type of disease, inflammation affects the small or large intestine or rectum. It is a multifactorial disease in which the intestinal microflora, the immune system status, and genetic predisposition are crucial. IBD is most often diagnosed in late adolescence or early adulthood. Due to the availability of quality treatment, the health status of IBD patients also improves, allowing them to consider starting a family after the disease has calmed down. Patients have fewer children than the general population, but there was no significantly higher risk of infertility. A prerequisite for successful pregnancy and childbirth is a stable condition of the disease and the use of treatment during pregnancy to prevent relapse. A specific problem of patients is voluntary childlessness because of worries about the worsening of IBD during or after pregnancy, about negative effects of treatment on a foetus, but also an occurrence of disease in offspring This work aims to summarize the issue of pregnancy in patients with IBD and to provide information on the current situation in patients with IBD in the Czech Republic. Keywords:...
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Vyhodnocení růstových schopností českých červinek v podmínkách chovu bez tržní produkce mléka
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza
This work focuses on the evaluation of the growth capacity of czech red cattles in breeding conditions, without market production of cattle. A whole herd of czech red cattles was regularly weighed. The Czech Association of Cattle Breeders provided data from KUMP, which was added to the data. In statistical processing the data were compared with the growth capabilities of meat breeds (hereford, meat simmental, charolais and limousin) kept under similar conditions. A sample of blood was collected from selected individuals and processed by biochemical methods. Statistical analysis showed that in the weight at the age of 120 days there is a statistically significant difference between czech red cattle and meat simmental and charolais. Comparing the weights in 210 days and comparing the gains, there was no statistically significant difference between any breeds. Czech red cattle thus showed very good growth abilities. It was also found that calves from the ZF JU averaged better in terms of increments than the average of the whole population as early as 2010. Herd health status was evaluated as good in terms of hoof and limb excellent. The blood test showed a tendency to stress caused by animal manipulation and stabling in wintering grounds, as in a closed stable without enclosure. The Czech red cattle has been shown to have easy births without help, which is 99% and good level of reproduction. In conclusion, the czech red cattle is very suitable for extensive breeding with a year-round stay outdoors and is capable of achieving comparable increments such as extensive breeds of meat breeds and is ideal for the production of cattle for fattening.
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Porovnání růstových schopností telat a mladého skotu různých masných plemen
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza
Abstract Optimal daily gain in rearing and fattening of meat cattle, should be the basics of meat production. The breeder ensured the satisfactory enviromental conditions and good nutrition (wellfare), which significantly afect animals development. Gender, age, slaughter weight, nutrition, method of fattening and housing system, belongs to the main factors affecting meat production. The aim of the study was to compare average weights and calculate average daily gain of heifers and bullocks of evaluated beef breeds. Conditions of breed of all herds of meat cattle were same and all herds were housed freely. Breeds evaluated in experiment were Hereford, Simmental, Charolais and Limousin. Each herd was divided by beef breeds and gender and every herd was made up 20 - 30 pieces. Birth weight of calf was estimated according to breeds standards and employee experience. Furthermore was weighing at 5,6 and 7 months for all monitored pieces. Weighing at 12th and 14th months of age was just at the bulls. All weighings was taken by digital weighing-machine. Average gains and weights were calculated from obtained data. The highest weight from the both genders and the highest gains at bulls had attained Charolais. Limousin had best results at heifers. Except for small differences between breeds and genders were the gains same at the all monitored pieces. There was no statistically significant evidence of difference between influences of breeds and age according to statistically processed data of size of average daily gain of weight (P = 0,645862).
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Children with the late school
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis (work) is devoted to the problems of postponement of school attendance. Theoretic part deals with the school maturity, the school readiness, the characteristic of the pre-school age and the postponement of school attendance. The aim of the research is to find out how to approach children with the postponement of school attendance. If there are used the special tasks, if there is devoted an individual care. In the practical part the interviews with teachers and with workers of pedagogical and psychological centres were made. I used also the method of an observation the work with children, who have the postponement of school attendance. I wanted to find out, if these children are mature enough and if they are more successful in those difficult fields.
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Workflow - circulation and processing of accounting documents
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis is focused on the circulation and processing of accounting documents. In the first part there are business processes, their definitions, classification and the ways of their improvement. The second part describes the issues of workflow from systems for automatization of business processes up to the process of circulation and processing of accounting documents. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze the circulation and processing of accounting documents in the chosen company, evaluate this process and provide recommendations which would make this process more efficient.
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