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Liquid-vapor mass exchange in stripping processes
Liman, Martin ; Kalivoda, Josef (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the solution of ammonia separation from waste raw materials of agricultural production. It focuses on determining the efficiency of desorption from an experimental stripping device depending on the measurement temperature. Ammonia water solutions and liquid digestate samples from technical practice were used to verify the functionality of the equipment. Increasing separation efficiency with increasing temperature has been demonstrated. The device was gradually improved during the measurement for a better profitability of the separation process. The results of the experiments are discussed concerning the theoretical assumptions and compared with other methods of ammonia separation.
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Removing of Gaseous Pollutants from the Air Masses on the Pilot-Plant Scrubber
Kalivoda, Josef ; Šulc,, Radek (referee) ; Moucha, Tomáš (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
The PHD thesis is focused on the absorption with chemical reaction on the pilot plant gas/liquid scrubber. The performance characterization of the apparatus is based on the absorption of carbon dioxide in to the 1\% sodium hydroxide sollution and includes pressure drops, liquid holdup, gas/liquid contact time and the capture effectiveness as well. The experimantal part of the thesis includes a complex of mathematical equations based on the Film theory. The complex of the mathematical equations allowed a calculation of the overall mass transfer coefficient for the type of the gas scrubber at the given experimental conditions.
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Gaseous atmospheric contaminants stripping
Kalivoda, Josef ; Kotlík, Josef (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
The Diploma thesis is devoted to the absorption of gases by the experimental gas scrubber. The main attention of the theoretical part is focused on the description of absorption, kinetics and the equilibrium between gas and liquid phase. Experimental part is concentrated on the absorption of carbon dioxide to deionized water in the experimental scrubber. Finally, experimental data are discussed.
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Mass transfer during desorption
Lindovský, Jiří ; Svěrák, Tomáš (referee) ; Kalivoda, Josef (advisor)
This master thesis deals with development and optimalization of apparatus for ammonia desorption from liquid organic wastes, generated by biogas plant. There is a high ammonia concentration in biogas plant waste products. That limits its application as a fertilizer in an agriculture. The main aim of this theses is finding optimal conditions to reach required efficacy of removing ammonia nitrogen from a liquid digestate. For this purpose, two pilot plant devices were used, and optimal conditions for ammonia desorption with its subsequent absorption by acid solution were investigated. One of the tested devices is a membrane contactor with polymeric hollow fibers. The second is a stripping device, which was used for measuring the pilot scale experiments. At the time of writing of this thesis, the device is subjected to a process of optimalization. The transferred ammonia nitrogen absorbed in acid solution was analyzed by UV-VIS spectrometry. The suitability of both devices for the required ammonia desorption efficiency has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the kinetic curve of the experiment was investigated under different conditions. The optimalization of devices will take place according to the results obtained in the experimental part of this thesis. The optimized devices will be placed in biogas plant full operation.
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Creating a fluid curtain of the scrubber absorber
Straka, Ondřej ; Kalivoda, Josef (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focused on the separation of gaseous pollutants from gas mixture into absorption agent, by using absorption device. The theoretical part deals with describing absorption device in practice and characterization of chemical and physical influence on absorption process. The experimental part concerned describing the construction and properties of laboratory pilot scrubber.
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Effectiveness of inverse Scrubber
Drevený, Lukáš ; Kalivoda, Josef (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
The main aim of this Diploma thesis was to investigate a mass transfer of air pollutants to a liquid solution of NaOH, theoreticaly based on a film theory of diffusion in accordance with absorption experiments. The absoprtion experiments were provided by our own designed inverse scrubber in a semi production proportion. In a design phase of the inverese scrubber literaly and patent reviews were provided to inspect a background of the innovation. The experimental part firstly investigates a hydraulic properties of the most important inverse scrubber components and its connections and then the most suitable limits and pre-set preferences are designed for yielding an objective data relating to the mass transport study. Secondly, the absorption of carbon-dioxied (CO2) gas through a thin film of NaOH solution is investigated in a range of hundres of litres of liquid per hour. Then the efficiancy of absorption and the mass transport ratio is investigated. The goal of this study is to put forward the knowledge about the simpliest arrangement of the inverse scrubber in order to gain a satisfying mass transfer even in the full production proportion.
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Possibilities of utilization of nitrogen compounds from liquid suspensions generated in waste management
Vajdíková, Tereza ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Kalivoda, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from biogas plant waste to produce a new usable product. In the theoretical part of the thesis, attention is paid to waste management from the perspective of biogas plants, the problem of nitrogen, and its removal. The thesis contains, among other things, theoretical calculations that include distribution and precipitation curves. The practical part deals with the correctness of these curves, as well as the precipitation of ammonium ions to form ammonium magnesium phosphate and stripping. The practical part includes quantitative and qualitative analyses of the individual components involved in precipitation. Nitrogen removal was performed on the model and real samples.
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Separation of odorous substances from air
Menshikh, Maksim ; Svěrák, Tomáš (referee) ; Kalivoda, Josef (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the design of an absorption device for the separation of odorous substances. The main objective of the thesis is to design an efficient device that would enable the absorption of selected substances (H2S, propionic acid, butanoic acid) from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The work focuses on the study of absorption processes and different types of absorption devices. Based on these findings, two variants of devices that use a special absorbent for efficient separation of the substances are designed. Furthermore, the resulting characteristics and the procedure for experimental verification of the proposed absorber are presented. This work represents a contribution in the field of gas cleaning processes where separation of gas phase species is of great importance.
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