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The Interpretation Process betwen Czech and Portuguese Language: an Approach Towards Selected Linguistic Problems
Hrušovská, Petra ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The present thesis, The Interpretation Process between Czech and Portuguese Language: an Approach Towards Selected Linguistic Problems, analyses the two languages belonging to different language families from the interpreter's point of view. The Introduction gives rea- sons for choosing the topic and outlines the general structure of the thesis. Chapter 1 (Lan- guages and Interpreting) delineates theoretical issues pertinent to language typology accord- ing to Skalička, comparing the structures of Czech and Portuguese, and outlines a basic intro- duction to interpreting. The principal subject is defined as selected linguistic problems that intepreters have to deal with when working with Czech and Portuguese. Chapter 2 (Transla- tion Procedures) focuses on methods and procedures of translation, in particular those pro- posed by Vinay and Darbelnet. Chapter 3 (Morphology and Syntax) gives a contrastive analy- sis with sample translations of substantives, adjectives, pronouns and articles in both lan- guages. The last chapter (lexicology) describes some phenomena related to lexical questions (interferences, synonymy and phraseology). The thesis is concluded by stressing the role of context in interpreting, leading eventually to some limitations for the analysis. Key words: Czech, Portuguese, Typology...
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Use of Language in Internet Communication and its Impact on Standard Portuguese
Kohoutová, Kamila ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
Use of language in CMC and its impact on daily used Portuguese Bachelor Thesis Portuguese Philology Charles University in Prague Author: Kamila Kohoutová Supervisor: PhDr. Jan Hricsina, Ph.D. Abstract The present thesis concerns use of a specific language code, typical for computer-mediated communication and online environment. Such code is more often than not associated with younger generations, namely the millennials and generation Z, and have been raising worries as to what impact it might have on teenage literacy and their capacity to properly communicate. The aim of the thesis is to verify whether use of Internet by these generations indeed may influence Portuguese language in a negative way. First, we present the topic in a concise way in the introduction part and then move to describing not only the social changes, but also technology innovations, remodelling the linguistic landscape over past centuries. We further investigate the direct impact that the Internet, as a medium, has had on language genres in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 is dedicated to categorizing the characteristics of netspeak and Chapter 4 focuses on the theory of code-switching. Finally, the thesis is concluded by our own analysis of written works by Portuguese secondary school students. Key words: Portuguese, Internet, computer-mediated...
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The language of the Portuguese advertising
Melounová, Irena ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
My graduation work, The Language of Portuguese Advertising, deals with modern and dynamic promotional discourse. The results presented in the project are based on the analysis of self-gathered promotional wordings in the Portuguese press from 2006 - 2008. The project is divided into 8 chapters reflecting individual linguistic discipline and verbal level. Advertising is mainly one-way communication originating from a company and going to anonymous parties, not a specified potential customer group. First of all, the promotional message has to catch the recipient's attention; secondly, it should inform about product purchase benefits in the best way. The conative function ranks first among the linguistic functions.Printed advertising has a verbal-iconic character. The brand name in advertising represents minimal linguistic utterance. Primarily, I devoted the chapter on pragmatics to conversational maxim denials. Promotional messages often don't adhere to relevancy and quality. They usually deputize indirect verbal acts. Expressions such as aqui and agora predominate in the temporal and local area of deixis and they refer the utterance to the moment and place of the speech. The most frequent demonstrative is este that refers to subjects being promoted. The most-used morphosyntactic means to praise a product or...
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Towards some problems of semi-sentential structures in Portuguese
Ambrosová, Anna ; Tláskal, Jaromír (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with the subject of non-finite clauses in Portuguese. Our target was not only to investigate and describe this inherent part of Portuguese grammar but also to assess the frequency of its use in the language. The thesis consists of three theoretical and one practical part. The first theoretical part is conceived as a general introduction to the problem of non-finite clauses and records how it is understood by Portuguese and Czech linguists. The next part of the research is dedicated in detail to the individual nominal forms of Portuguese verbs, i.e. to infinitive, gerund and participle. In the third part we divide the non-finite clauses into substantive, adjectival and adverbial and provide each of the types with examples found in Portuguese written literature. This linguistic corpus that we created represents the practical part of our study. The last part of the work summarises the most common conjunctions used in subordinate clauses with finite verb form and the equivalent prepositions in non-finite clauses. We counted all the non-finite clauses in four books written in Portuguese and concluded our research by stating which type is the most frequent.
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The CPLP and the position of the Portuguese language in international organizations
Bedrníček, Jiří ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
THE CPLP AND THE POSITION OF THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS The Bachelor's Thesis in Portuguese Philology Charles University in Prague ABSTRACT The present thesis deals with the position of the Portuguese language in international organizations and the role of the CPLP - The Community of Portuguese Language Countries whose the one of main aim is to promote and to strenghten the position of the Portuguese language in global measure. The Introduction contains the basic data about the Portuguese language with reference to one historical event in the history of the language. The structure of the thesis is introduced here. Chapter 1 (The International Organizations and the Language) is dedicated to the definition of the International Organizations and the use of languages within it, followed by division of categories according to the status of the language. Chapter 2 (the CPLP and Portuguese) focuses on the lusophone community and its activities to promote internationalization of the Portuguese. It is introduced also the history, structure and important institute IILP - the International Portuguese Language Institute within the CPLP. Chapter 3 (the International Organizations and Portuguese) analyses the position of the Portuguese in the International Organizations emphasizing the...
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Addressing in contemporary European Portuguese
Knollová, Eva ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The presented thesis handles the theme of the addressing in European Portuguese. It is started with the critics of the existing terminology and in order to express the complexity of the current reality in the studied language more clearly, the author introduces the term of the allocution form which includes the addressing with pronouns (i.e. tu used with 2SG, você - 3SG, vós - 2PL and vocês - 3PL), as well as with the titles (e.g. o senhor / a senhora (Mr/Mrs) with variants combined with further titles and name/surname). It is worth to add that the work focuses on the indirect (or subjective) addressing (i.e. integrated into the phrase structure). The starting point of the own research is the theoretical basis comprising both external (Czech manuals, French vision by TEYSSIER 1989) and internal (based on Portuguese Grammars and studies) views of the issue. The research itself is inspired by author's personal language experience and the incertitude of the mother tongue speakers. The research method was realized by two questionnaires. The first of them (D1) gained 21 respondents coming from the academic ambient of Porto. The 2nd one (D2) covers a significantly larger amount of participants (202) as well as a wider socio-demographic and geographical structure (people of different professions from all...
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On the issue of past tenses in Portuguese and Spanish: a constrastive study based on a selected work
Weisová, Alžběta ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
In our thesis entitled On the Issue of Past Tenses in Spanish and Portuguese: Constrastive Study Based on a Selected Work we have compared the past tense system in contemporary Spanish and Portuguese, in order to discover main differences on the temporal as well as on the extratemporal level. In general, the complexness of the repertory of past tenses in Romance languages makes the full comprehension of the problem by not native speaker extremely difficult. Moreover, the linguistic proximity of both languages can cause many interferences and the phenomenon called "false friends". In the first "theoretical" part we have observed the principal theories of the most significant linguists and tried to demonstrate their statements on an authentic linguistic material. We have discovered many secondary meanings at every paradigm, which implicates difficulties during the study or translation. As we expected the essential difference on the temporary level consists in the use of perfeito composto in Portuguese and perfecto compuesto in Spanish, which also have different aspectual characteristics. On the other hand, most secondary (mainly modal) values are in both languages represented by imperfeito / imperfecto. In case of mais-que-perfeito / pluscuamperfecto there is an asymmetrical relation between the morphological...
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Animals in the Czech and Portuguese phraseology
Veverková, Anna ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the Portuguese and Czech idioms which contain names of animals and of the parts of their bodies. The initial part of the thesis discusses the theoretical aspects of phraseology regarding the differences in the approach of the Czech and Portuguese linguists. Based on the theoretical platform, the practical part is dedicated to the analysis of the idioms. The basis for the practical part is constituted by the extensive list of Portuguese and Czech idioms, which are analyzed from various points of view, but always with the objective to find differences between Czech and Portuguese as well as the traces which the two languages have in common. Apart from other aspects, the practical part is dedicated to the research of the equivalence between the Czech and Portuguese idioms, to the analysis of the chosen groups of expressions and to the etymology of some of them. Key words animals, phraseology, Czech, Portuguese
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Portuguese proper nouns in Czech
Robovská, Lenka ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
Portuguese proper nouns, namely anthroponyms, in Czech are the subject of this both theoretical and empirical thesis. It seeks to map the use of this marginal vocabulary in Czech, to establish the extent of difficulties these names cause and to recommend a consistent way of treating them. It also relates Portuguese names to a broader context of foreign anthroponyms. The thesis covers three subtopics: firstly the pronunciation of these names in Czech, secondly the choice of inflectional paradigms and inflection of names and surnames together, thirdly the orthographical change in Czech. The basis for this work are publications on foreign proper nouns in Czech. These consist of codification handbooks and other relevant works on the Czech language, several works on names from a particular language and also various dictionaries, encyclopedias, history textbooks and other publications to certain extent touching the subject. These are confronted with a vast research, the first part of which is an excerption from publications written or translated by thirteen experts on the history of Portuguese speaking countries and on the literature of Portugal and Brazil. The second part analyzes one hundred of respondents inflecting names of five well-known figures of either Portugal or Brazil past and present. Results are...
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