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Global far-right terrorism: Atomwaffen Division
Rösler, Jakub ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
The Abstract The presented thesis deals with the international terrorism of the extreme right. Based on the analysis of specialist texts and ideological handbooks of the extreme right, the ability of global communication of extreme right terrorist groups is examined. The thesis presents the historical context and basic theoretical concepts associtated with contemporary far-right terrorism. Using the example of the organization Atomwaffen Division, the thesis analyzes the development and current trends of far-right terrorism. Key words: Far-right terrorism, radicalization, political terrorism, neo-nazism, global terrorism
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Role of transphobia in online far-right radicalization
Adensamová, Simona ; Hesová, Zora (advisor) ; Broučková, Kristina (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of online radicalization towards the far right through transphobia. It focuses on a period of time between 2016 and mid-2023 in angloamerican internet spaces with primary focus on the United States of America. First part explains what transphobia is and contextualizes the rise of anti-trans legislative in the United States in recent years. The second part focuses on the way chosen media functions (primarily YouTube, but also TikTok). Third part shows rise and radicalization of transphobic rhetoric of selected influencers (Jordan B. Peterson, Ben Shapiro, Matt Walsh and Michael Knowles, who all work for a platform called The Daily Wire). If follows mainly the way influencers speak about trans topics and the rise of hateful rhetoric towards trans people. Key words: Radicalization, transphobia, online spaces, TikTok, YouTube
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The Failure of the Consociational Model in Lebanon
Melhem, Sámer ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
Abstaract The bachelor's thesis, entitled The Failure of the Consociational Model in Lebanon, will examine the theory of consociationalism proposed by the Dutch political scientist Arend Lijphart as an appropriate form of democratic organization for highly fragmented and heterogeneous societies. The thesis will first present a political history of Lebanon, especially of the 21st century, after which it will study the basic attributes of the theory of consociational democracy through the concrete example of this Middle Eastern country, thus confirming the appropriateness of using this theoretical framework for its study. The thesis will also focus on the electoral system, which has historically undergone many changes and whose form is a major contributor to the current state. Based on the facts presented, the research questions will then be answered, aiming to find out what has been the reason for the failure of this system. Keywrods: Lijphart, consociational democracy, confessionalism, Lebanon, electoral system, political parties
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Emancipation of Kazakhstan from the hegemony of Russia after the annexation of Crimea
Alimova, Danagul ; Hesová, Zora (advisor) ; Barša, Pavel (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the emancipation of Kazakhstan from the hegemony of Russia in the period following the annexation of Crimea. The annexation of Crimea seriously damaged the global security architecture, because of which Kazakhstan began to worry about its position on the international political scene. Among the Central Asian states, it is Kazakhstan that is most oriented towards Russia. Then, since 2014, Russia's aggressive rhetoric regarding Kazakhstan's legitimacy and pro- Russian claims on the issue of border disputes between Russia and Kazakhstan began. Specifically, this is happening in the northern part of Kazakhstan, where these disputes continue to this day. It is this rhetoric that is perceived in Kazakhstan as a threat and a warning to the Russian world. For at least the last five years, Kazakhstan has been trying to build its international policy and build relations with world powers such as the US, the EU, China, and Turkey. The bachelor thesis will therefore subsequently examine the research question: Is it possible for a multi-vector foreign policy to lead to Kazakhstan's emancipation from Russia? As announced, the thesis will examine Russian-Kazakh relations in the period after the annexation of Crimea, up to the present. During my thesis, I will gradually...
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On the anti-liberal turn in the Czech politics
Jetmar, Jakub ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
The second decade of the new millennium brings a political upheaval known as the "anti-liberal turn." Its proponents respond to the crisis of liberal globalisation and question liberal constitutionalism. This paper focuses on how the end of the long 1990s is manifesting itself in the Czech Republic, where the post- revolutionary consensus has long remained stable. This is no longer true. Instead of following the "backsliding paradigm", it draws on theories of post-democracy to try and reconstruct how different political discourses see the problem of the existing system, where they seek legitimacy, and how they work with post-revolutionary developments. The paper defines four political groups: liberal '89s, technocratic populists, new statists, and national conservatives.
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Palestinian National Authority and Negotiating About the Final Status of Jerusalem: a Shift from Secular to Religious Nationalism?
Pirohovičová, Barbora ; Hesová, Zora (advisor) ; Bílý, Prokop (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis is dealing with the approach of the Palestinian autonomy to the negotiations over the final status of Jerusalem while observing the development of nationalism in Palestine. More precisely, the work is looking into the changes of Palestinian nationalism in the 1990's. Palestine was dominated by secular nationalism, represented by PLO with Jasif Arafat in the lead. However, in the course of peace negotiations Arafat changed his stand and started to use religious (Islamic) elements in his rhetoric. Thus, this thesis is asking a research question about what caused the shift of Arafat and whether the utilization of islamic symbols can considered as shift from secular to religious nationalism. On the basis of a research, the author is assuming that the shift was mainly pragmatic aiming to maintain the support of Palestinians. The reason was that Islamism, most distinctively represented by Hamas, began to grow stronger in 1990's with ambitions to take control over the Palestinian territory. Arafat's shift towards islam can be best observed in Israeli- Palestinian negotiations about Jerusalem which were recommenced as a part of peace negotiations. Firstly, the author will be inquiring the shift of nationalism from secularity to religiousness using a theoretic approach of Mark...
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The role of women's rights in the US intervention in Afghanistan
Filipová, Tereza ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
The thesis concerns women's rights and their role in the U.S. military intervention in Afghanistan from 2001-2021. The first part focuses on the historical events of the twentieth century that shaped women's rights in Afghanistan. The second focuses on the U.S.' military intervention in terms of the gender reforms implemented on the territory of Afghanistan. The third part examines the rights of Afghan women during the U.S. military intervention. And the last part provides an analysis of the factors that influenced the effectiveness of the gender reforms in Afghanistan.
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Civil protests and political crisis in Lebanon in 2019-2022
Šredlová, Leona ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
Abstract The master thesis focuses on civil protests and the political crisis in Lebanon in 2019- 2022. The thesis opens up the subject of the civil public's relationship with the political class on the one hand, and domestic politics with the geopolitical situation of the Middle East on the other. The first question will be whether the civil protests are directed against the political class as such, or whether they are primarily targeted by Hezbollah and its allies. The second question will be how the protests relate to Hezbollah's cooperation with Syria and their conflict with Western powers. The empirical part of the work will draw on Internet sources interpreted with the help of secondary literature. Key words: civil protests, political crisis, Lebanon, Hezbollah, political class, civic public
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The anti-Islam protest in the Czech Republic
Svobodová, Eva ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
The thesis captures the anti-Islamic protest between 2015-2016, which accelerated after the attack on the Paris editorial of Charlie Hebdo on 7 January 2015 and during the so-called refugee crisis. The author analyzes short interviews she made at demonstrations organized especially by the group around the Facebook page Islam in the Czech Republic, and from semi-structured interviews with selected participants, as well as from participating observations at demonstrations. Using a discursive analysis and biographical method of work, she creates an ideological map of the movement, its basic tropics, and the attitudes. This ideological map consists of three perspectives: In the first chapter, a image of distant another, created mainly through media experience, involving the image of Muslims and Islam. In the second chapter, the image of close another created in a longer-term perspective and in opposition to one's own political and social identity. In the second chapter, the author also describes how the image of those who do not belong to the community (nation, state, Europe) is constructed. The third perspective is the image of the West, which combines elements of both distant and close another. The perspective that emerges in each of these chapters is a gender perspective and how different images of...
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Attitudes of political parties elected to the lower chamber of the Parliament of the Czech Republic regarding low representation of women in the Chamber of Deputies
Faltys, Marcel ; Drahokoupil, Štěpán (advisor) ; Hesová, Zora (referee)
Attitudes of political parties elected to the lower chamber of the Parliament of the Czech Republic regarding low representation of women in the Chamber of Deputies Abstract This thesis analyses the stance of Czech parliamentary political parties towards the low representation of women in the Czech parliament. This text is divided into two parts, the first one is theoretical and describes various types of representation and is mainly based on the theory of Hannah Pitkin and her book The Concept of Representation. In the theoretical portion, I also describe the most common causes of low representation of women in politics. The second, empirical part examines the stance of nine political parties through interviews with Czech female politicians. This part also looks into the history of these parties and their politics towards women. Key words Czech Republic, Chamber of Deputies, representation, women, quotas
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