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Homebirth as Actor-Network
Genttnerová, Kristýna ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (referee)
Homebirth as Actor-Network: Multiple realities The topic of this medical anthropology thesis is a description of homebirth seen through the eyes of Actor-Network Theory. The focus of this work is thus not on the professional concept of homebirth as a biological process or soon-to-be-mothers experience and take on homebirth. Focus is on homebirth in itself, how it is enacted in practice. After the presentation of two points of view on medicine (disease and illness), an introduction into the basic principles and innovations of ANT (including anthropology of symmetry) and works of people, who build their ideas on it (Mol - multiplicity, De Laet - fluidity, Law), the thesis shifts its focus to the description of the whole actor- network, which enacts homebirth via interaction between the actors in practice. These practices are abstracted from the interviews with mothers, a dula and a paediatrician. The description includes people and objects, because according to ANT, they have the same amount of social agency. Homebirth is then enacted by the objects needed for homebirth - tools to make birth easier and to support its process, by people who partake, venues it takes place and the birthing positions it brings. Another part of the actor-network can be found before the homebirth happens - the hunt for information...
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Social problem of discrimination of African-Americans and its reflection in films
Genttnerová, Kristýna ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Kopecká, Anna (referee)
The topic of this thesis is a description of the social problem of discrimination of Afro- Americans in the USA with a focus on the reflection of racism in films. To introduce the social problem the thesis considers itself with such terms as race or ethnocentrism. It focuses on stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice and on their forms and their ways of formation and reproduction. It shows the impact of racism on Afro-Americans and on American society as a whole and it uses theories of secondary deviation, stigmatization and self-fulfilling prophecy to describe the impact. The thesis presents the main events of American racial history and it introduces the spheres of institutional racism - housing, education, employment, legal justice and media and political representation. The second part of this thesis focuses on specific area of media discrimination - on film. It describes historical development and changes of Afro-American characters and topics in film throughout the 20th century. It presents three films to illustrate particular historical film periods. It explores this evolution in relation to political, social, cultural, technological and especially economic changes. On one hand this thesis perceives film as a mirror of the society, on the other hand it presents film as a potential tool for...
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Homebirth as Actor-Network
Genttnerová, Kristýna ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Kabele, Jiří (referee)
Homebirth as Actor-Network: Multiple realities The topic of this medical anthropology thesis is a description of homebirth seen through the eyes of Actor-Network Theory. The focus of this work is thus not on the professional concept of homebirth as a biological process or soon-to-be-mothers experience and take on homebirth. Focus is on homebirth in itself, how it is enacted via interactions of actors in network. After the presentation of two points of view on medicine (disease and illness), an introduction into the basic principles and innovations of ANT (including anthropology of symmetry), into the works of people, who build their ideas on it (Mol - multiplicity, De Laet - fluidity, Law) and the presentation of the current birthing situation in the Czech Republic, the thesis shifts its focus to the description of the whole actor-network, which enacts homebirth via interaction between the actors in practice. These practices are abstracted from the interviews with mothers, a dula and a paediatrician. The description includes people and objects, because according to ANT, they have the same amount of social agency. Homebirth is then enacted by the objects needed for homebirth - tools to make birth easier and to support its process, by people who partake, venues it takes place in and the birthing positions it...
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