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Methodology of cryoconservation of in vitro cultures of fruit trees
Bilavčík, Alois ; Faltus, Miloš ; Zámečník, Jiří
The purpose of the methodology is to store selected genotypes of fruit trees, especially apple and pear trees, in conditions of cryogenic temperatures within the National Program. The newly created methodology will enable efficient and effective cryopreservation of genetic resources of selected fruit trees. The methodology brings newly defined encapsulation dehydration procedures of cryopreservation optimized using the thermal method of differential scanning calorimetry.
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Apple dormant bud cryopreservation: Methodology
Bilavčík, Alois ; Faltus, Miloš ; Zámečník, Jiří
In the Czech Republic, ex situ and in vitro conservation is used for apple tree germplasm conservation. In relation to the strategy of maintenance of broad genetic potential of apple tree, there is a necessity to preserve genotypes by storage at ultralow temperatures – cryoconservation. Based on broad spectrum of apple cultivars, an optimised dormant bud cryopreservation protocol was developed. The developed cryoprotocol enables to establish a safe backup storage system for ex situ and in vitro collections of apple tree germplasm. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic is the user of this methodology and it will utilize it in the framework of “National Programme on Conservation and Utilization of Plant, Animal and Microbial Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture”.
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Cryopreservation of sensitive potato genotypes
Faltus, Miloš ; Bilavčík, Alois ; Zámečník, Jiří
This methodology describes the preparation of explants prior to cryopreservation, dehydration of shoot tips, procedure and principles of sample cryopreservation, regeneration of control plants, including evaluation of explant survival and regeneration for sensitive potato genotypes which were formerly very difficult to cryopreserve. Ministry of agriculture of the Czech Republic is the user of this methodology and it applies it in the framework of the "National program for conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources, animals and micro-organisms important for nutrition and agriculture".
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Cultivation of grapevine in conditions in vitro
Faltus, Miloš ; Skala, Ondřej ; Bilavčík, Alois ; Zámečník, Jiří
Grapevine is a traditional crop in the Czech Republic, especially in the South Moravia region. It is a vegetatively propagated crop; hence vineyards are endangered by abiotic and biotic stress influence. The risk of plant damage due to frost and pest influence occurs in the field conditions according to season and locality. Cultivation of grapevine in conditions in vitro eliminates the risk. Higher utilization of the method is limited by sensitivity of some genotype to in vitro conditions. This methodology solves these problems and describes material introduction into in vitro conditions, explants multiplication and slow growth condition establishment. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic is the user of this methodology and it will utilize it in the framework of “National Programme on Conservation and Utilization of Plant, Animal and Microbial Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture”.
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Grapevine cryoconservation
Faltus, Miloš ; Kotková, Renata ; Bilavčík, Alois ; Zámečník, Jiří
Storage of grapevine germplasm is endangered by biotic and abiotic stressors in the field conditions, and it is connected with the risk of valuable accession loss. Cryoconservation is a method which eliminates the risk and makes a safe long-term storage of plant germplasm possible. Cryoconservation method is based on storage of plant material at a temperature of liquid nitrogen when all processes are practically stopped but the viability of plant material remains. This methodology describes preparation of plant explants before cryoconservation, apical shoot tip dehydration by cryoprotectants, procedure and principles of long-time plant storage and plant recovery for evaluation of explant survival and regeneration. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic is the user of this methodology and it will utilize it in the framework of “National Programme on Conservation and Utilization of Plant, Animal and Microbial Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture”.
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