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Selected Legal Aspects of Personality Assessment in the Recruitment Process
Černá, Martina ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Tomšej, Jakub (referee)
Selected Legal Aspects of Personality Assessment in the Recruitment Process Martina Černá This thesis deals with some essential legal aspects of personality assessment (also called "personality testing") in the recruitment process, focusing on the cases when personality testing (or any other form of psychodiagnostics) is not specifically regulated by a respective profession-specific law. This is of particular importance as the personality tests are capable to reveal private and often sensitive data about the job applicant, while their use is only regulated by the most general provisions of the applicable law. While personality assessment has been part of the recruitment process in many companies, there is no standard practice setting out when and to what extent its use is necessary or useful. As a result, the employers are left to rely only on their own judgment, which does not always appear to be sound. Some experts in psychology warn against inappropriate use of psychodiagnostics methods (not only) in recruitment and human resources advisory, pointing out that there's not enough regulation to protect psychodiagnostics against misuse. In order to seek potential answers to this issue, I addressed a broader legal context of personality testing and analysed the existing relevant law to assess to what...
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Influence of stuttering on social acceptance of people who stutter
Machová, Kateřina ; Černá, Martina (advisor) ; Veroňková, Jitka (referee)
Stuttering is generally known in public. In the Czech enviroment is more common to examine balbutism especially from the terminological point of view. Abroad, we find also those types of researches, which aim is to find out more about the influence of stuttering on the social acceptance of people who stutter. The aim of our work is to contribute to this area of researches. Our reasearch consists of two parts: a perception test for respondents without stuttering and semi-structured interviews with people who stutter. We asked 5 stutteres, with whom both recording and unrecorded semi-structured interviews were made. Those interviews focused on their experiences with social acceptance in various spheres of life (relationships, job opportunities etc.) A perception test was created from the recordings a than played to 20 respondents without stuttering. Based on these recordings, respondents assesed the personality traits of the speakers and their social opportunities on five-point Likert scale. After that, the results of both types of research were compared and related to the previous research. The relation between the results of our research and previous researches were found in only one case out of five stutterers. In this case the symptoms of stuttering we subjectively percieved as the most severe....
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Longitudinal study of syllable structure acquisition in the mother tongue
Koppová, Martina ; Volín, Jan (advisor) ; Černá, Martina (referee)
The thesis presents an overview of the layers on which speech develo- pment can be studied and a brief account of the main theoretical branches within these layers. It accounts for the periodization of a child's speech development according to Czech and foreign authors. In the thesis, a syllable is introduced as a phonological unit. Attention is also paid to the related layer of phonotactics; important works concerning the phonotactics of child's speech are mentioned. The target of the experimental part is a longitudinal case study of a child acqui- ring Czech as her mother tongue. For the purpose of the study, a corpus of the child's utterances in her natural environment between the ages of 7 to 27 months was built. The utterances have been analyzed with respect to the frequency of occurrence of different syllable types, with closed syllables and syllables with con- sonant clusters in the center of interest. The found consonant clusters and their reductions have been further analyzed with respect to the findings of the phono- tactic studies mentioned in the theoretical part, in order to confirm or dismiss their relevance for Czech. Most importantly, two theories have been checked, the frames theory commenting on the combinatory potential of the front/middle/back vowels and coronal/labial/dorsal...
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Crohn's disease exclusive enteral nutrition treatment during childhood
Černá, Martina ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the problems of Crohn's disease and its treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition in childhood. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The basic facts about epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, symptoms, diagnostics, diet, treatment and the specifics of Crohn's disease in childhood are given in the theoretical part. The practical part looks at the five casuistries of children suffering from Crohn's disease and treated with exclusive enteral nutrition. The goal of this work was to compare the information from literature and furthermore evaluate the health conditions before and after the treatment.
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PERFORMING ARTS (MUSIC, THEATRE, DANCE) AND CULTURAL POLICY IN CENTRAL EUROPE
Pecková Černá, Martina ; ŠTILEC, Jiří (advisor) ; HYVNAR, Jan (referee)
The doctoral thesis The Performing Arts (Music, Theatre, Dance) and Cultural Policy in Central Europe focuses on the relationship of the state administration and performing arts in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Austria and Germany. It includes an overview of basic strategic documents of the state cultural policy in the Central European countries, on incorporation of the term of performing arts into the concept of cultural and creative industries and the economic classification as well as analysis of statistical evidence of theatre, music and dance in the selected countries. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the field of culture from the point of view of the state administration, on the structure of state administration responsible for the management of culture as a whole and on state institutions established by state authorities responsible for performing arts. The analysis of subsidy tools for support of performing arts is also included.
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Naive and instructed description of voices
Průchová, Tereza ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Černá, Martina (referee)
This thesis deals with the description of the human voice from the forensic phonetic perspective. At the beginning of the theoretical part, some important cases from the history of this field are mentioned, as well as the attitude of judges to the voice as evidence.The main tasks of forensic phonetics are then briefly presented. The remainder of the theoretical part is devoted to summarizing the existing knowledge from the field of audiovisual perception and comparison of voice description and face description, including several concrete examples of systematic approaches to obtaining these descriptions, both for professional purposes and for the needs of investigators in practise. The aim of the practical part is to compare the initial uninstructed, naive description of the voice of selected speakers, obtained from the respondents in a simulated police questioning, followed by an instructed systematic description according to the interrogation protocol, which uses the layman's formulation of the individual questions instead of the original phonetic terminology, and illustrative sound samples to make it easier for the respondents to understand the protocol and to give a more detailed account of the heard voice. The first part of the results analysis is devoted primarily to the naive testimony of the...
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Deposit Products of Banks and Non-Bank Savings Institutions
Ulman, Tomáš ; Černá, Martina (referee) ; Ptáček, Roman (advisor)
This thesis is focuses on the comparison and selection of the most appropriate term deposits for the company Hamé, s.r.o. of bank and non-bank savings institutions operating on the czech market. The analysis and subsequent comparison of selected term deposit is made on the basis of the ranking method and subsequently using the scoring. From results of the analysis and the comparison are then selected and recommended the best combination term deposits for the management of the company.
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Pitch range impact on perception of affective valence in two age-groups of children
Hubertová, Andrea ; Volín, Jan (advisor) ; Černá, Martina (referee)
The ability to infer affective states is often key to success in communication. The sound cues present in speech, used by listeners for this purpose, are generally summarized under the term of affective prosody and pitch range is considered one of its most often studied acoustic correlates. Children's sensitivity to prosody seems to become inhibited around the preschool years. Certain studies report that children begin to make use of prosody again when they are around 9 years old. The goal of the present paper was to test these findings on young speakers of Czech and verify the general assumption, as many studies did, that affective valence corresponds with the value of width of pitch range. (eg. "happy" correlates with a wide range). The material for the experiment consisted of recordings of 8 sentences uttered by 2 speakers. The pitch range of these utterances was manipulated - expanded and narrowed. A perception experiment was carried out with 18 preschoolers and 20 school children. The respondents judged pairs of speaker utterances, one of which had an expanded range and the other a narrowed range. The children's task was to decide, which speaker "sounds happier" or which "sounds sadder" and reflect this choice by placing each speaker on an affective scale: negative - middle ground - positive....
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Deposit Products of Banks and Non-Bank Savings Institutions
Ulman, Tomáš ; Černá, Martina (referee) ; Ptáček, Roman (advisor)
This thesis is focuses on the comparison and selection of the most appropriate term deposits for the company Hamé, s.r.o. of bank and non-bank savings institutions operating on the czech market. The analysis and subsequent comparison of selected term deposit is made on the basis of the ranking method and subsequently using the scoring. From results of the analysis and the comparison are then selected and recommended the best combination term deposits for the management of the company.
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Phonetic features in loud reading of words and non-words, and their perceptual impact
Fischerová, Jana ; Volín, Jan (advisor) ; Černá, Martina (referee)
The recipient in communication is influenced by many complex phenomena through which he or she subconsciously evaluates some personality traits of the speaker. In the current study we are dealing with the question of whether phonetic features also enter into this personal evaluation and how much they can influence perception. As research material we used recordings of 20 speakers 11-15 years old, from which 80 audio items were selected. The items varied by their length (two-syllables vs. four-syllables), existence in the lexicon of the Czech language (real words vs. non-words) and also in the number of speech problems that occurred in them (reduction, assimilation, non-continuous speech etc.). These problematic moments were identified before the creation of the perceptual test and scored by the author of the study and by another student of phonetics. These score points served as the basis for an objective phonetic evaluation, which was later related to the assessment from the respondents. The perceptual test (with versions A and B) was made up of 40 items and was divided into 5 parts according to questions which were concerned with different angles such as the personality traits of diligence and acceptability. These features are part of the Five-Factor Model of Personality and can be included under...
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