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Response of the tissue at intracellular level to various physical lasers' parameters
Remlová, Eva ; Navrátil, Leoš (advisor) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Objective: Hemangioma is mesenchymal benign tumor formed by blood vessels. Anomalies affect up to 10% of children and they are more common in females than in males. The aim of the study was to evaluate hemangioma treatment using four different types of lasers namely Alexandrite, Er: YAG, CO2 and PDL. Background Data: Argon laser was the first to be used for dermatological patients. A variety of different lasers and light sources were useful in treatment of vascular lesions e.g. KTP, Nd: YAG, CO2, PDL, and Er: YAG etc. Materials and Methods: Group of 869 consecutive patients with hemangioma was retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to the type of laser used: those underwent the therapy with Alexandrite, CO2, Er: YAG, and PDL. All patients were treated in one session without anesthesia application. Ablative systems vaporized tissues until the hemangioma was removed. Non-ablative systems used one shot which destroyed the hemangioma blood vessels. Results: For the treatment efficacy analysis, the following factors were evaluated: therapeutic effect, loss of pigment, and appearance of scar. From results it was evident that the therapeutic effect of all the lasers except Alexandrite was very high - almost 100%. In the CO2 and the Er: YAG laser also high percentage of side...
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Dispersion management of a 10 PW laser system
Vyhlídka, Štěpán ; Rus, Bedřich (advisor) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee) ; Kozák, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the design of a stretcher and compressor systems used for the chirped pulse amplification method for the L4 beamline. The L4 beamline is being developed for the ELI Beamlines project and aims to deliver pulses with peak power of 10 petawatt, central wavelength of 1060 nanometers, pulse duration of 150 femtoseconds and energy of 1500 Joules. Since the laser induced damage threshold and aperture of commercial diffraction gratings is currently a limiting factor in reaching higher peak powers, it was necessary to increase the effective aperture of the compressor using either tiled grating or object-image-grating self tiling methods. These two methods are compared for two compressor configurations using either 1740 ln/mm or 1136 ln/mm diffraction gratings, methods for their alignment are discussed and the selected alignment method is experimentally tested. Moreover, an analytical theory connecting the Seidel aberrations of the stretcher imaging system with the spectral phase deviation of the stretched pulse is presented. This theory is applied to commonly used Banks and Offner stretcher designs and it is demonstrated how it can be employed for the suppression of residual spectral phase of compressed pulses. Next, the design of the stretcher for the L4 beamline based on this theory is...
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Response of the tissue at intracellular level to various physical lasers' parameters
Remlová, Eva ; Navrátil, Leoš (advisor) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee)
Objective: Hemangioma is mesenchymal benign tumor formed by blood vessels. Anomalies affect up to 10% of children and they are more common in females than in males. The aim of the study was to evaluate hemangioma treatment using four different types of lasers namely Alexandrite, Er: YAG, CO2 and PDL. Background Data: Argon laser was the first to be used for dermatological patients. A variety of different lasers and light sources were useful in treatment of vascular lesions e.g. KTP, Nd: YAG, CO2, PDL, and Er: YAG etc. Materials and Methods: Group of 869 consecutive patients with hemangioma was retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to the type of laser used: those underwent the therapy with Alexandrite, CO2, Er: YAG, and PDL. All patients were treated in one session without anesthesia application. Ablative systems vaporized tissues until the hemangioma was removed. Non-ablative systems used one shot which destroyed the hemangioma blood vessels. Results: For the treatment efficacy analysis, the following factors were evaluated: therapeutic effect, loss of pigment, and appearance of scar. From results it was evident that the therapeutic effect of all the lasers except Alexandrite was very high - almost 100%. In the CO2 and the Er: YAG laser also high percentage of side...
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Preclinical assesment of phthalocyanine for photodynamic therapy of rectal carc inoma
Štukavec, Jan ; Horák, Ladislav (advisor) ; Beneš, Jiří (referee) ; Dítě, Petr (referee) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee)
The present work includes research photodynamic therapy (PDT) colorectal carcinoma. The actual experiment was conducted in collaboration with the Institute of Biophysics and Informatics 1st in 2005-2008. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy of the Czech population. Risk of disease of colorectal cancer in the Czech population reaches 5.9% and still growing. Still is a large group patients with advanced cancer (approximately 30% of patients), which is indicated only palliative therapy. One of the most common procedure in patients with advanced cancer is the foundation of the stoma, which significantly extends the life of the patient. Photodynamic therapy is already used by default. We focused on the possibility of treatment of colorectal cancer phthalocyanine, which is among photosensitisers second generation with a rapid uptake in the tumor specimen. The aim of current research is to improve screening and to design new treatments that would achieve better results than existing procedures. PDT can improve the quality of life and in patients with advanced malignant disease and prolong survival interval.
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Biological properties of titanium alloy coated with hydroxyapatite in relation to immediate implant loading
Seydlová, Michaela ; Dostálová, Taťjána (advisor) ; Racek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee)
Coating dental implants with hydroxyapatite may give certain advantages such as active encouragement to new bone growth, a lower rejection rate and an improved long-term prosthesis fixation. The biological properties of dental implants coated by the sandwich technique with a thin layer of hydroxyapatite and an interlayer of zirconia were evaluated. The implant samples were covered by pulsed laser deposition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the surface characteristics of the titanium targets modified with zirconia and hydroxyapatite. We used a direct test of cytotoxicity, tests of fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation using counting of harvested cells and providing a MTT assay. No changes in the morphology or the proliferation rate of the cells used were found in the presence of the modified titanium targets. The results show adhesion and cell proliferation, which in turn implies that the studied material is not cytotoxic and is suitable for cell colonization. Titanium modified with zirconia and crystalline hydroxyapatite can improve the biological properties and so can be benefitially employed in oral bone surgery. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Biological and mechanical properties of titanium implant covered with hydroxyapatite and zirconia layers and the approach to the immediate loading of dental implants
Teuberová, Zuzana ; Dostálová, Taťjána (advisor) ; Racek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee)
Dental implantology is a branch, which has started a rapid evolution over the last years. All of the experts dealing with implantation are focused on extending indications for the application of the used materials to reduce the time period of therapy. Coating of the implants is a possible way how to treat patients in a shorter time period with the similar results as following the classical Bránemark protocol.Hydroxyapatite is one of the most attractive materials for human hard tissue implants because of its close resemblance to the bone and the teeth. Its positive influence on the healing process called osseointegration is obvious. Hydroxyapatite is of a brittle nature and limits the applications as the main solid material for the dental implants. Zirconia ceramics have several advantages such as the high strength and it is frequently used to reinforce other ceramics. The concept of adding zirconia as the second phase to hydroxyapatite significantly increased the bonding strenght.In the dissertation pulsed laser deposition is shown as one of the coating method. The bioceramic zirconia samples were characterized by methods for thin solid film analysis such as X-ray diffraction, morfology investigation by electrone microscope and measurement of the film thickness. Afterwards we examined the mechanical...
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