|
Hydration of biomolecules
Flimel, Karol ; Janeček, Jiří (oponent) ; Kučerík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
The aim of this thesis was to apply methods of thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry and termogravimetry) to study kinetics of water evaporation from hyaluronan. This approach allowed to determine the changes of desorption energies in the course of evaporation and consequently helped to improve the understanding of the hyaluronan hydration. Thermoanalytical methods in combination with model-free kinetics previously suggested by Ozawa were used to determine kinetic parameters of studied processes. Results confirmed previous knowledge about the content of water located in primary hydration shell of hyaluronan, i.e. concentration range from 0.4 – 0.8 g of water per 1 g of hyaluronan. Further, it was found out that during the evaporation in this concentration range, the hyaluronan gel, stabilized probably by hydrogen bonds, is formed.
|
|
Stability of salts and complexes of humic acids
Nováčková, Kristýna ; Šmejkalová, Daniela (oponent) ; Kučerík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
The ground of this work lies in the study of influence of metal ions incorporated onto the structure of humic substances during thermal stress in the presence of air oxygen. For these purposes, lignitic humic acid was used. The amount of binding sites, i.e. carboxylic groups, was determined by retitration-conductometric method. Mixing the humic acid with solutions of sodium and cupric ions gave the final products with different saturation degrees of detected binding sites. For the evaluation of thermooxidative stability, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were performed. The results bring new view upon the reactivity of humic acid with metal ions in the liquid state, indicate possible formation of “porous” structure of sodium humates and their water-retention ability.
|
|
Studium fázových přeměn v huminových látkách
Grebíková, Lucie ; Šmejkalová, Daniela (oponent) ; Kučerík, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
Práce je zaměřena na zmapování možností využití teplotně modulované diferenční kompenzační kalorimetrie při studiu fázových přeměn v huminových látkách, především huminových kyselinách (HA). Studovány budou jak huminové standardy, tak i zbytky HA po sekvenční extrakci specifických molekulárních frakcí za účelem objasnění role jednotlivých molekulárních frakcí v sekundární struktuře huminových kyselin.
|
| |
|
Thermal behaviour of organically modified clays
Plevová, Eva ; Vaculíková, Lenka ; Vítámvásová, E. ; Šugárková, Věra ; Martynková, G.S.
The clay minerals were modified by two alkylammonium cations under sorption procedure. T X-ray powder diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to evaluate the intercalation process of organic cations int the clay structure. The organo - montmorillonites exhibited IR spectra giving evidence about sorption or intercalation of the alkylammonium cations. The enhancement of the basal spacing obtained by X-ray diffraction confirmed the intercalation process of cations into montmorillonite and vermiculite samples. Thermal behaviour of the modified clay minerals was investigated by simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The organically modified montmorillonites exhibited the higher values of temperatures related to the total melting. Also the temperatures of exotherm effects connected to recrystallization and transformation increased with the concentration of alkylammonium salts. The temperatures of dehydratation and dehydroxilation decreased with concentration of alkylammonium cations. Vermilulite samples showed generally reducing of their thermal stability.
Plný tet: UGN-0393204 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
|
| |
| |
| |
|
Nanodisperzní oxidy a hydroxidy Mg, Al a Ti
Šubrt, Jan ; Štengl, Václav ; Svobodová, Monika ; Bezdička, Petr ; Kváča, Zdeněk ; Večerníková, Eva ; Bakardjieva, Snejana
Z organických prekursorů a cestou homogenního srážení byly připraveny nanočásticové oxidy a hydroxidy Mg, Al, Ti a Fe. Hydroxidy byly zpracovány metodou sušení nad kritickou teplotou a charakterizovány pomocí elektronové mikroskopie a difrakce, změření specifického povrchu, práškovou rentgenovou difraktometrií a termickou analýzou.
|
| |