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The Effect of Synovial Fluid Constituents on Friction and Lubrication of Articular Cartilage
Čípek, Pavel ; Dr. Prashant K. Sharma (oponent) ; Muňoz, Anna Neus Igual (oponent) ; Vrbka, Martin (vedoucí práce)
The present PhD thesis deals with the lubricating mechanism within a model of synovial joint. The aim of this thesis is to describe the effect of individual components of synovial fluid on lubricating film formation in the model of synovial joint; for this purpose, the experimental analysis of friction coefficient and observation of adsorbed lubricating film using the fluorescence microscopy were performed. The special self-designed reciprocating tribometer allowing for simultaneous friction measurement and contact observation was designed. The tribometer was calibrated and verified using a commercial tribometer. Furthermore, the methodology of experiments was developed including a design of evaluation procedure. In order to process the visualization record, the software based on the image segmentation was developed. The last part of the thesis introduces a novel methodological approach together with a new self designed tribometer enabling to assess the role of components contained in the model synovial fluid in relation to the formation of lubricating film based on in situ observation of the contact area and simultaneous frictional measurement. The thesis presents original results extending the knowledge in the natural synovial joint biotribology towards the further development of effective treatment for patients with diseased joints.
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VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS
Ranuša, Matúš ; Bryant, Dr Michael (oponent) ; Dr Prashant K. Sharma (oponent) ; Vrbka, Martin (vedoucí práce)
This dissertation thesis deals with wear analysis of total hip replacements (THR) using optical methods. We introduced a new approach to volumetric wear assessments of polyethylene liners using a 3D optical scanner. The new approach brought benefits of time-efficient measurements, large number of points collected for post-processing, the possibility to create pre-worn models of retrieved samples as well as the possibility to exclude damages caused by surgeon during revision surgeries. The method was validated by gravimetric method according to the ISO 14242 Standard. The new approach was then used in three studies focusing on wear rate and mechanical changes of polyethylene liners. In the studies, the analysis of polyethylene liners geometry was followed by a detailed surface analysis of contact areas down to the microstructural level. Clinical history data for 23 retrieved liners combined with wear analysis showed several issues affecting failure of the polyethylene implants. We worked with Bicon-plus type implants, that are widely used in clinical practice in the Czech Republic. Structural surface analysis of the retrieved samples showed several different wear mechanisms such as adhesion/abrasion, pitting, delamination and plastic deformation. Analysis of material behaviour showed mechanical changes and chemical degradation in retrieved prostheses which mostly correlated with the wear depth. Investigated samples showed plastic deformations, an increased oxidation index and lower hardness to elasticity ratio compared to the new samples. Creep phenomenon or plastic deformation, which was investigated in the final part of thesis, occurred in all the retrieved samples. Further in vitro testing showed presence of creep in the run-in phase of implants. This thesis aimed to introduce a new approach to wear analysis using the optical scanning method and to apply the new approach for investigations of surface geometry of retrieved polyethylene liners. The method proved to be a suitable method for investigations of retrieved polyethylene liners helping to better understand the processes leading to implant failures.
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The Effect of Synovial Fluid Constituents on Friction and Lubrication of Articular Cartilage
Čípek, Pavel ; Dr. Prashant K. Sharma (oponent) ; Muňoz, Anna Neus Igual (oponent) ; Vrbka, Martin (vedoucí práce)
The present PhD thesis deals with the lubricating mechanism within a model of synovial joint. The aim of this thesis is to describe the effect of individual components of synovial fluid on lubricating film formation in the model of synovial joint; for this purpose, the experimental analysis of friction coefficient and observation of adsorbed lubricating film using the fluorescence microscopy were performed. The special self-designed reciprocating tribometer allowing for simultaneous friction measurement and contact observation was designed. The tribometer was calibrated and verified using a commercial tribometer. Furthermore, the methodology of experiments was developed including a design of evaluation procedure. In order to process the visualization record, the software based on the image segmentation was developed. The last part of the thesis introduces a novel methodological approach together with a new self designed tribometer enabling to assess the role of components contained in the model synovial fluid in relation to the formation of lubricating film based on in situ observation of the contact area and simultaneous frictional measurement. The thesis presents original results extending the knowledge in the natural synovial joint biotribology towards the further development of effective treatment for patients with diseased joints.
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VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS
Ranuša, Matúš ; Bryant, Dr Michael (oponent) ; Dr Prashant K. Sharma (oponent) ; Vrbka, Martin (vedoucí práce)
This dissertation thesis deals with wear analysis of total hip replacements (THR) using optical methods. We introduced a new approach to volumetric wear assessments of polyethylene liners using a 3D optical scanner. The new approach brought benefits of time-efficient measurements, large number of points collected for post-processing, the possibility to create pre-worn models of retrieved samples as well as the possibility to exclude damages caused by surgeon during revision surgeries. The method was validated by gravimetric method according to the ISO 14242 Standard. The new approach was then used in three studies focusing on wear rate and mechanical changes of polyethylene liners. In the studies, the analysis of polyethylene liners geometry was followed by a detailed surface analysis of contact areas down to the microstructural level. Clinical history data for 23 retrieved liners combined with wear analysis showed several issues affecting failure of the polyethylene implants. We worked with Bicon-plus type implants, that are widely used in clinical practice in the Czech Republic. Structural surface analysis of the retrieved samples showed several different wear mechanisms such as adhesion/abrasion, pitting, delamination and plastic deformation. Analysis of material behaviour showed mechanical changes and chemical degradation in retrieved prostheses which mostly correlated with the wear depth. Investigated samples showed plastic deformations, an increased oxidation index and lower hardness to elasticity ratio compared to the new samples. Creep phenomenon or plastic deformation, which was investigated in the final part of thesis, occurred in all the retrieved samples. Further in vitro testing showed presence of creep in the run-in phase of implants. This thesis aimed to introduce a new approach to wear analysis using the optical scanning method and to apply the new approach for investigations of surface geometry of retrieved polyethylene liners. The method proved to be a suitable method for investigations of retrieved polyethylene liners helping to better understand the processes leading to implant failures.
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