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Evaluation of ecosystem stress in Váh basin
Grajciariková, Eva ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The bachelor theoretical thesis was focused on the current issue of the environmental load of the ecosystem in the selected locality of Slovakia. The focus was put on the evaluation of the contamination level in the selected area of Váh’s river – basin in the Žilina region. The level of contamination was assessed on the basis of the relevant water quality indicators following the government regulation number 296/2005 C.l. The thesis describe the physical and chemical properties of the factors and their toxic effects on the environment.
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Problems of phenols in water
Tylichová, Petra ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor`s thesis deals with the issue of phenols in the waters. The theoretical part summarises the information about the characteristics of the phenols, its use, appearance in the environment, and its effects on human health. There are described methods of determination these substance in the waters. The last chapter disserts on possible methods of eliminating the phenols from the aqueous environment with special attention paid to the adsorption method. Part of this thesis is also dedicated to the chlorinated phenols which originate from chlorination of the phenolic waters and which cause the sensory interferences of the waters. The experimental part of this thesis is dedicated to removing the phenol from a model water through the adsorption into a powdery active carbon Norit SA SUPER.
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Assessmant of surfactants levels in waters
Zajícová, Markéta ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The present Bachelor Thesis deals with problem of water contamination by synthetic surfactants. Surfactants represent the main component of washing and cleaning agents, from which they enter waste waters. The goal of Thesis was to monitor and evaluate volume of surfactants in waste waters from waste water treatment plant VFU Brno. Samples were being taken in the course of 7 days and we have monitored volume of anionic and cationic tensides in samples from influent and effluent stream of waste water treatment plant. For qualitative and quantitative determination were used mobile analytic measurement devices with photometric detection by company Merck. Results were processed and interpreted in data evaluation section in the end of this Bachelor Thesis.
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The presence of pollutants in matrices of bioindicators
Vlček, Ladislav ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This master‘s thesis concerns with occurrence of heavy metals in the environment, mainly in the matrices of bioindicators. Special attention is given to occurrence of mercury in the environment and its quantification in bioindicators. Mercury and its compounds are today considered as one of the most significant contaminants in the environment. Some sorts of mushrooms cumulate sizable amounts of mercury in their fruiting body and therefore we can use them to consider loading of different areas. Eight areas in Vizovice and its surroundings were chosen for these purposes and during the years 2006 – 2008 harvested 50 samples from 19 sorts of mushrooms from there. The concentrations of Hg were determined in all samples by single-purpose absorption spectrometer AMA 254. Comparison of the mercury content between individual sorts of mushrooms in the same area as well as comparison of loading of areas was performed and also bioaccumulation ability of individual sorts of mushrooms was determined.
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Use of pollution indices for evaluation of soil contamination
Čmelíková, Dorota ; Pavlovský, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This thesis focuses on heavy metal contamination of soil and the use of pollution indices for its evaluation. Two regions were selected for assessment and comparison. The chosen heavy metals were mercury, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium. These heavy metals were analysed in 15 samples from Kyjov nad 15 samples from Ostrava. Methods of analysis were AMA-254 and FAAS. The established concentrations were used to calculate pollution indices and for health risk assessment. Pollution in Kyjov was assessed as low to medium without any health risks. Ostrava region was assessed as moderately to highly polluted with a low health risk, especially for children.
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Corrosion degradation of magnesium alloys in SBF solutions
Ročňáková, Ivana ; Horynová, Miroslava (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
Nowadays, magnesium alloys are used in many sectors of human activity, particularly in the aerospace and automotive industries, due to a combination of good mechanical properties and low density of magnesium. Recently, however, the attention is paid to the possibility of using magnesium alloys in the medical field, mainly due to the chemical properties of magnesium. The diploma thesis is focused on evaluating of the corrosion behavior of AZ31alloy and AZ61 alloys in SBF solutions that are solutions simulating body fluids. The alloys were subjected to immersion test in Hank’s solutions for time span from 24 to 1008 hours. The corrosion process was evaluated based on several factors: alloy composition, time and pH changes. The thesis also describes in detail the methodology for establishing magnesium and zinc by method of flame absorption spektrometry (F AAS). The determination of aluminum was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET AAS).
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Relationship between thermo-oxidative stability and soil quality indicators
Svatoň, Karel ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the use of thermogravimetry as quick and low-cost method in the analysis of soil quality. Most of the currently used methods for analyzing some soil properties are, unlike thermogravimetry, demanding especially for pretreatment and analysis time. Previous research has shown an interesting correlation between thermogravimetry data and some soil properties, but to obtain these correlations, it is necessary to keep the analyzed soils at 76% relative humidity. The aim of this work was to determine whether similar correlations can also by achieved at lower relative humidities. Therefore, soil samples in this work were thermogravimetrically analyzed at 43% relative humidity. That humidity is closer to laboratory conditions and it is also easier to be reached by most of commercially available thermogravimeters. Next aim of this thesis was to find whether thermogravimetric data correlate with other soil properties, especially microbiological indicators of soil quality. Results showed that thermogravimetry of soil samples correlates with standard methods even at 43% humidity. Furthermore, it was found that they also correlate with selected microbiological parameters, such as anaerobic ammonification or urease activity. These results suggest the possibility of using thermogravimetry analysis at broader spectrum of soil properties, without the need for pretreatment of samples and at different (relevant) soil moisture.
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Study of selected antibiotics sorption on polyhydroxybutyrate
Amrichová, Anna ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of sorption of antibiotics on microplastics. Antibiotics and microplastics are now a highly studied topic, due to the positive and negative properties. Antibiotics with groups of sulfonamides and quinolones were selected for the experiment. From sulfonamides, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were selected, and from the quinolones, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, which have already been the impetus for some microplastic studies. Biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate was used as the microplastic. Two experiments were performed in the laboratory. The first aimed to monitor the time dependence of antibiotic sorption on polyhydroxybutyrate, the second the concentration. The concentration dependence was subsequently evaluated using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The method of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used for analyzes.
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