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Temoporfin-conjugated upconversion nanoparticles for NIR-induced photodynamic therapy of pancreatic cancer
Shapoval, Oleksandr ; Větvička, D. ; Kabešová, M. ; Engstová, Hana ; Horák, Daniel
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a clinically approved cancer treatment strategy, has the potential to cure pancreatic cancer with minimal side effects. PDT primarily uses visible wavelengths to directly activate hydrophobic photosensitizers, which may be insufficient for deep-seated cancer cells in clinical practice due to poor penetration. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) serve as an indirect excitation source to activate photosensitizers (PSs) in the NIR region, overcoming the limitations of molecular PSs such as hydrophobicity, non-specificity, and excitation in the UV/Vis region. Here, monodisperse upconversion NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+, Fe2+ nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been surface-engineered with poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) and temoporfin (mTHPC), a clinically used PDT prodrug, for near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered PDT of pancreatic cancer. The incorporation of Fe2+ ions into the particles increased the fluorescence intensity in the red region matching the activation wavelength of mTHPC. Covalent binding of mTHPC to the surface of UCNP@PMVEMA particles provided colloidally stable conjugates enabling generation of singlet oxygen. In vitro cytotoxicity and photodynamic activity of the particles were evaluated using INS-1E rat insulinoma and Capan-2 and PANC-01 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. The PDT efficacy of UCNP@PMVEMA-mTHPC conjugates after irradiation with 980 nm NIR light was tested in vivo in a pilot study on Capan-2 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma growing subcutaneously in athymic nude mice. The intratumoral administration of the nanoconjugates significantly hindered tumor growth and demonstrated promising PDT efficacy against human pancreatic cancer.
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Printing of up-conversion marks
Azariová, Viktória ; Ďurovič, Michal (referee) ; Veselý, Michal (advisor)
The subject of this these is a preparation and printing of upconversion marks that have been printed by two printing techniques, namely screen printing and pad printing. The makrs were designed to visualize another chemical code identifiable by instrumentation. The impact of chemical code components on the fluorescence intensity of upconversion marks and the impact of individual components on printability and print sustainability were studied. The upconversion pigment was excited by NIR laser.
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Printing of up-conversion marks
Azariová, Viktória ; Ďurovič, Michal (referee) ; Veselý, Michal (advisor)
The subject of this these is a preparation and printing of upconversion marks that have been printed by two printing techniques, namely screen printing and pad printing. The makrs were designed to visualize another chemical code identifiable by instrumentation. The impact of chemical code components on the fluorescence intensity of upconversion marks and the impact of individual components on printability and print sustainability were studied. The upconversion pigment was excited by NIR laser.
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Characterization of upconversion nanoparticles by fluorescence spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis
Vaněčková, T. ; Zítka, J. ; Hlaváček, Antonín ; Adam, V. ; Vaculovičová, M.
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a novel class of luminescent tags for applications in life and material sciences. Unlike traditional fluorophores, UCNPs exhibit emission of shorter wavelength under near-infrared excitation (typically 980 nm). In this work, we have examined these unique photophysical properties by fluorescence spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. UCNPs co-doped with Yb(III) and Er(III) were characterized using laboratory-made fluorescence spectrometer. We have exploited and evaluated two excitation sources and the dependence of the fluorescence of UCNPs on the relative excitation power. Moreover, capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection was for the first time used for characterization of the nanoparticles. It was proved that CE-LIF is a valuable method to be used for investigation of upconversion luminiscence and monitoring of the interactions of UCNPs with other molecules of interest.
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