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Hazardous components: A case study in textile waste management
Shtukaturova, Anastasia
Textile waste, a problem that has been somewhat overlooked for many years, is now coming to the fore.1 The textile value chain is long\nand complex, with over 8000 chemicals used in different manufacturing processes.2 A wide variety of chemicals are used in the manufacture of textile products for the improvement of essential properties and performance of textiles. Chemicals used in textiles significantly improve their quality and appearance. However, the harmful effects of these chemicals can occur at various stages of textile production and processing, such as dyeing, printing and finishing, as well as during use by consumers and at the end-of-life stage.3 There is a lack of safety information on the presence and use of all of these chemicals in consumer products.
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Current state of textile waste management in the Czech Republic
Shtukaturova, Anastasia ; Šyc, Michal ; Gregor, J. ; Kropáč, J. ; Pavlas, M. ; Valta, J.
The textile industry is the fourth largest polluter after the food, construction and transport industries and the fifth largest producer of greenhouse gases. It is well known that the EU is moving towards a total ban on landfill and wants to achieve the highest possible recycling rate with the technology available today, which means that textile waste have to be recycled at the same level as other commodities. In 2018, the EU adopted a Circular Economy Package that needs to be transposed into the legislation of each Member State. It is important to adapt the waste management policy of each Member State to achieve the highest level of environmental sustainability. As a follow-up to the Circular Economy Package, a new Waste Act appeared in the Czech Republic in 2021, which will guide it towards the transition to a circular economy. The main challenges of the new Waste Act are to ban the landfilling of recyclable materials from 2030 and to achieve ambitious recycling targets for recyclable materials, including textile waste. To support the Czech Republic's transition to a circular economy model, the CEVOOH project has been established, which requires research in areas such as material flows, innovative technologies to minimise the use of primary raw materials in production, maximum material utilisation and use of waste, by-products and intermediate products, eco-design of products, monitoring and evaluation of not only environmental but also socio-economic processes. Textile waste is a part of the CEVOOH project, where the current state of this commodity and recycling methods are the main goals. As a part of research for the CEVOOH project, Material Flow Analysis (MFA) has been chosen as a tool to describe the current state with textile waste and its waste management options in the country.
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Analysis of textile waste streams in the Czech Republic
Shtukaturova, Anastasia
In 2020, the EU adopted new Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP), the principles of which must be implemented into the legislation of each Member State. The main goal of CEAP is to maximize the recycling of all types of usable waste, including textile waste, where its sorting will be mandatory from the year 2025. In the Czech Republic, a new waste treatment law based on the CEAP appeared in the year 2021. The new waste treatment law determines\nimportant changes to existing collection and treatment methods of textile waste.
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Risk Assessment of Textile Waste Management
Šindlerová, Vanesa ; Vymazal, Tomáš (referee) ; Hrabová, Kristýna (advisor)
This thesis deals with environmental risks arising from textile waste management. The introduction describes the context of textile problematics and maps the current situation of textile waste management. The main goal of this thesis is to determinate the environmental risks of low percentage of recycling. Recycling is one way of dealing with textile that mitigates the impact on the environment. For the evaluation of the causes and consequences of the researched problem are used Bow-tie analysis and Ishikawa’s diagram. The results of the work bring environmental risks resulting from the application of those selected methods. Part of the thesis is a questionnaire that evaluates the individual’s attitude to textiles. Results of the questionnaire reveals that not needed textiles are perceived as risk to the environment. At the same time, consumer behavior does not correspond with efforts to mitigate the identified impacts.
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Consumers' Motives for Buying Upcycled Clothes
Bourová, Tereza ; Janoušková, Svatava (advisor) ; Švíková, Radka (referee)
The focus of this diploma thesis is on the consumers' motives for purchasing upcycled clothing. Based on the research of available resources, this thesis firstly describes the most expanded model of clothing production, fast fashion, with special focus on the negative environmental impacts it has during different stages of a product life cycle. It later moves on to describe the traditional and more environmentally friendly model, slow fashion, and puts both these concepts (fast fashion and slow fashion) in connection with the hierarchy of waste management and the concept of circular economy. This theoretical base helps to fully understand the concept of upcycled fashion, which is thoroughly described in a separate chapter that also includes various examples of designers who focus on fashion upcycling. The last section of the theoretical part deals with motivation and motives for purchasing clothes. The empirical part of this diploma thesis focuses on how consumers perceive upcycled fashion in order to answer the main research question: What are the consumers' motives for purchasing upcycled clothes? To answer the question, qualitative research was used, specifically semi- structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with a total of twelve shoppers who have had previous personal experience...
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Development of insulation materials from secondary texile fibers
Mlynářová, Jana ; Třísko, Pavel (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis is focused on opportunities for innovation of thermal insulation materials for use in construction. Textile waste, either from waste collection or textile industry is difficult to recycle and a substantial amount of said waste ends up at waste dumps or waste incinerators. The thesis is focused on available sources of raw material for textile fibers and suitable technologies for processing of recycled textile into the form of thermal insulation panels. The practical section of the thesis is focused on possible alterations of key properties of thermal insulation mats made of recycled textile fibers so that said insulation mats can be incorporated into building constructions.
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Development of thermal insulating materials based on waste textile fibers
Přikrylová, Pavlína ; Peterková, Jitka (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The increasing quantity of waste represents serious environmental, social and economic problem. Wastes produced from industry and households. A large part of the economy transforms a certain amount of raw materials to waste in their production, because it is currently emphasis is placed on finding sustainable sources of raw materials. One of the suitable secondary raw materials can be discarded textiles or waste from the textile industry. These kinds of textile waste often ends up in landfills or incinerators, so it is from an ecological and environmentally advantageous to their further use. The diploma thesis deals with the study and development of thermal and acoustic insulation materials based on textile fibers. It focuses on the legislative requirements for waste management for the sorting of textile wastes and their subsequent modification before reuse. Further it contains kinds of textile fibers and bonding technologies thermal and acoustic insulation materials. Finally, an evaluation of thermal insulation, acoustic and mechanical properties of fibrous insulation materials.
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Management of textile waste from housholds in Czech Republic
Nencková, Lucie ; Hadrabová, Alena (advisor) ; Lisa, Aleš (referee) ; Hájek, Miroslav (referee)
Proper consumer attitude towards textile products and optimal post-consumer waste management of textile waste is connected with many benefits. Despite this fact, little research has been conducted on these topics. Textile waste represented mainly by donated textile from households and its material flow in waste streams mirrors the behaviour of our consumer society as well as new technologies in textile and fashion industry. More information about consumer attitude and behaviour toward textile and textile waste is needed to provide suitable waste management processes according to the hierarchy of waste management, such as re-use and energy recovery, and to ensure sustainable development and minimal impact on the worlds wellbeing. This study takes into account not only waste management of textile waste, but also tries to understand all textile issues in a wider perspective. Particularly fashion industry is connected with many negative ethical aspects (e.g. sweatshops), and many environmental issues are connected with overproduction of lower-quality textile products. Proper handling of post-consumer textile products is only one of the product life cycle stages to be solved. The main goal of this study is to discuss the results of a consumer attitude and behaviour questionnaire toward textile and textile waste from households in the Czech Republic. The study also includes partial hypotheses and an analysis of interest groups as other possible sources of information to form proper textile waste management policy tools and strategies.
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Possibility of utilization of textile waste for modern insulation materials production
Břicháček, Pavel ; Kout, Pavel (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
Old clothes are hardly recyclable waste that ends mostly in incinerators or landfills for municipal waste. The present thesis aims to evaluate the possibility of using this waste in the building industry, specifically for the production of thermal and acoustic insulation materials. The scope of work is to map the raw material base in the Czech Republic, examining the appropriateness of using various kinds of textile fibers and determination of optimal technologies for recycling and bonding. On the product, made on the basis of theoretical findings are set out basic thermal insulation and acoustic properties.
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