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The impact of intervention breathing programme on breathing economy during increasing load
POUL, Daniel
Breathing is essential part of our life. Breathing exercise can help acquirement of proper breathing. Thanks to this process, sports performance can be improved. The aim of our work is to determine differences in values and compare results of spiroergometric parameters from testing on a bicycle ergometer in the laboratory of functional load diagnostics. We obtained the results by an entrance test and a final test tested after eight weeks. Between testing, selected individuals performed a respiratory intervention program. Nine performance university athletes, especially focused on football, got involved in our research. Data at the rest position and load were crucial. We focused on dynamic ventilation parameters such as tidal volume, respiratory rate, minute ventilation or oxygen consumption. In the output test, we also recorded changes in values in the respiratory segments, abdominal, thoracic and subclavian areas. We verified the results from the point of view of material and statistical significances. Both of these significances were evaluated in this thesis. The materially and statistically significant differences in the results of measurement were improved in the oxygen consumption by our probands. The studied probands were able to improve in various phases of load, for example, the material significance was detected at the respiratory rate during the load of three watts per kilogram. Ascertained results were not improved in all monitored parameters. The most significant changes were discovered in the three-watt load during the respiratory rate from 32,8 +- 7,2 to 30,9 +- 5,1 breaths per minute. Probands reduced oxygen consumption by 14.8 percent.
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Physiological responses on standardized climbing task in sport climbers
Gajdošík, Jan ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee)
Title: Physiological responses on standardized climbing task in sport climbers Purpose: To determine the effect of height, wall angle, climbing speed and climbing ability on physiological responses in sport climbers. Methods: The study was divided into three parts. 75 sport climbers (36 female and 39 male) completed differing tests on climbing wall and motorized climbing ergometer. Perceived exertion was assessed on a scale suggested by Borg. Indirect calorimetry, venous blood samples and near-infrared spectroscopy were used to assess physiological response, hormonal response and muscle oxygen saturation, respectively. Results: Perceived exertions were higher when climbing to height as opposes to climbing low to the ground on the treadwall (+5,3%; P = 0,013; ηp 2 = 0,149) (Study 1A). The physiological response was higher on the climbing wall as opposed to the treadwall: V̇ O2 (+6%; P = 0,03; ηp 2 = 0,22), SF (+4%; P = 0,04; ηp 2 = 0,20), V̇ E (+9%; P = 0,01; ηp 2 = 0,30) a EC (+16%; P < 0,001; ηp 2 = 0,48). There was an interaction for climbing ability and post- climbing catecholamine concentration (P < 0,01, ηp 2 = 0,28) (Study 1B). With increasing climbing speed greater differences were found for V̇ O2 (P < 0,001, ηp 2 = 0,923) than for StO2 (P < 0,001, ηp 2 = 0,448). Between-subject effect...
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Effect of climbing ability on energy expenditure of climbing
Kodejška, Jan ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Malý, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between climbing performance and energy demands while climbing through a specific submaximal test. The sample consisted of twenty-six climbers (age 26,8 ± 3,3 years, weight 70,6 ± 6,2 kg, height 177,6 ± 6,5 cm). Climbers were deliberately chosen so that their performance covers as much scale difficulty of UIAA (Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme) as possible. The performance was given by the climbers currently the highest ascent in the style of RP (Red Point). Performance of these climbers ranged between 4 to 10 degrees UIAA. Climbers were subjected to submaximal climbing test, which lasted three minutes in one slope. They moved at a constant speed of 25 movements. min-1 on climbing route, already known in advance, the slope after 3 minutes changed from 90 ř to 105 ř. VO2 (oxygen consumption), SF (heart rate) and VE (minute ventilation) significantly correlated with climbing performance of RP (90ř, VO2, r = - 0,82; SF, r = -0,66, VE, r = - 0,77; 105ř, VO2, r = - 0,84; SF, r = -0,78; VE, r = - 0,80 ). Respiratory rate during submaximal climb was about 25 breaths. min-1, which refers to a link with a climbing speed. VO2 during submaximal climbing can be used to evaluate the economy of movement. Keywords sport climbing, submaximal test,...
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Physiological response and physical activity during climbing wall in school age children
Kalábová, Monika ; Panáčková, Michaela (advisor) ; Strejcová, Barbora (referee)
Title of master thesis Physiological response and physical activity during climbing wall in school age children Work objectives Determinaton of specific oxygen uptake during climbing in the climbing wall in children. Methods The study involved 10 boys and 9 girls. Their climbing ability was in range 4 to 5+ degree of UIAA (Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme). Maximal oxygen consumption was measured on climbing wall. The climbers climbed two routes, the first vertical profile (90ř) and second overhanging profile (110˚). The participants climbed the wall with a self-selected speed. They climbed the route twice to steady state of physiological response during climbing and to simulate real average wall (15 m). To make conditions equal, everybody had 30 s to get down and start climbing again. Results The girls achieved average of specific oxygen consumption VO2peak 37,1 ± 4,8 ml·kg- 1 ·min-1 in the vertical profile and in the overhanging profile was 40,6 ± 11,5 ml·kg- 1 ·min-1 . The boys achieved slightly higher average of specific oxygen consumption in both profile 39,1 ± 4,8 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in the vertical profile and 42,1 ± 2,6 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in the overhanging profile. The girls had average peak heart rate 179 ± 10 beats·min-1 in the vertical profile and boys 170 ± 14 beats·min-1 ....
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The energy performance at the growth rate in ski-mountaineering
Hepnar, Jan ; Vomáčko, Ladislav (advisor) ; Jindra, Matouš (referee)
Title The energy performance at the growth rate in ski-mountaineering Objectives Measure group skialpinists of different ages and performance of the ski-mountaineering simulator with a gradient 21ř and speed 1,4 km/h to 5,4 km/h with increasing 0,4 km/h in every minute. Determine their energy expenditure in different speeds as the speed increases and with constant slope. Methods Seven ski-mountaineerers of different levels were testing in laboratory of ski-mountaineering simulator. We calculate of maximum oxygen consumption and anaerobic threshold. Results The probands attained average energy expenditure 8,18 kJ per minute at the end of the first minutes and they attained average energy expenditure 29,32 kJ per minute at the end of the 10th minutes. The average energy expenditure of probands increased by 2,35 kJ per minute an average with a standard deviation 0,69 kJ per minute. Keywords ski-mountaineering, heart rate, oxygen consumption, ski-mountaineer trainer.
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Comparison of human physiological response in different one-rope ascending techiques
Doležal, Jan ; Michalička, Vladimír (advisor) ; Baláš, Jiří (referee)
Title: Comparison of the physiological response rate of the organism using different one-rope ascent techniques Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the rate of the physiological response of the organism using 3 different one-rope ascent techniques during constant speed. Methods: It was an empirically based study of experimental character (quasi-experiment). The measured research group (n = 12) consisted of the military students (21 ± 1.1 years; 183 ± 4.9 cm; 80.6 ± 7.8 kg) of full-time study at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Charles University (VO FTVS UK). The physiological response rate was measured with the Cortex Metamax 3b and Polar sporttester during one-rope ascending techniques ("using Prusik knot" = P", "using jümar = B", "using Garda knot = G") at a constant speed of 3 m·min-1 for 7 minutes. The rating of the perceived exertion was also recorded on the Borg RPE scale. The data were comparatively analyzed in the SPSS statistic program, furthermore the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also employed. Results: The study demonstrated statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) between techniques: while B is the easiest, the greatest differences were observed between technique B, P and G. The G technigue appeared to be the most difficult. The average HR was: 162 ± 9 bpm...
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Determination of specific oxygen uptake during climbing test until exhaustion in female sport climbers
Kalábová, Monika ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Panáčková, Michaela (referee)
Title of bachelor thesis Determination of climbing specific oxygen uptake during climbing test to vita maxima of sports climbers. Aims To assess the determination of climbing specific oxygen uptake during climbing test to vita maxima of sports climbers. Methods The study involved 14 women climbers. Their climbing ability moved about since 3th to 10th degree of UIAA. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured on climbing wall, where climbers climbed the vertival wall profile (90ř) at their own pace for 3 minutes. Specific test started on 105ř profile with increased climbing speed until individual exhaustion every 3 minutes. After that, the participant went a maximal running test on treadmill. Results Climbers achieved average of specific oxygen uptake was 38,8 ± 6,6 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in maximal climbing test in gradient 105ř and 51,5 ± 2,1 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in maximal running test on treadmill. The climbing performance most corelated with achievement of speed r = 0,91 and oxygen uptake r = 0,75. Result values present that minimal level of specific VO2 max 45 - 50 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 is very important for climbing difficult ways. Conclusion Climbing test is suitable for controlled training status of sport climbers. Key words Sport climbing, physiology, climbing test, oxygen uptake
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Effect fo different sizes of wheels of in-line skates on energy expenditure
Sukovič, Richard ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Brtník, Tomáš (referee)
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SIZES OF WHEELS OF IN-LINE SKATES ON ENERGY EXPENDITURE Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine the difference in energy expenditure when using different sizes of wheels of in-line skates. Methods: The research group consisted of 5 people in age 26,4 ± 2,2 years. This was an experiment. The calculation of energy expediture was based on the amount of oxygen consumption (VO2) and exhaled carbon dioxide (VCO2), i.e. indirect calorimetry. For the analysis of respiratory gases MetaMax 3B measuring device was used. Three sizes of wheels of the same hardness were tested. The rides were carried out on a 1,5 km section of a cycle path with the effect of the height difference of 2 mm/m. Probands completed one test ride (with a cadence of 70 rpm) on each size set of wheels. Test ride lasted for 5 minutes. For results were processed values of 3 minutes steady state VO2. Results: We found out a noticeable difference in energy output between 72 mm and 90 mm large wheels. The difference between driving on 72 mm and 80 mm large wheels and driving on 80 mm and 90 mm large wheels was, due to the standard error of measurement, insignificatnt. Conclusion: The energy expenditure reached a noticeable increase in driving with a larger diameter of wheels compared to driving on...
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