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Vesicular roles of Arp2/3 nucleation-promoting factors
Dostál, Vojtěch ; Libusová, Lenka (advisor) ; Malínský, Jan (referee) ; Befekadu, Asfaw (referee)
F-actin is involved in key aspects of vesicular traffic, such as membrane deformation, tubulation and vesicle motion. Branching of F-actin is mediated by Arp2/3 but this complex must first be activated by so-called nucleation-promoting factors (NPFs). These factors play an essential role in the decision where and when branched actin should form on the membrane surface. The thesis focuses on the mechanisms which underlie localization and activation of NPFs, especially in terms of the phosphoinositide composition of the vesicle membranes. I show that one of the NPFs, the WASH complex, does not exclusively depend on the retromer complex for its membrane anchoring, as previously theorized. Rather, its understudied subunit SWIP enables the complex to independently bind to the membrane. I also present data showing that the WASH complex has essential roles in maintaining lysosomal function. Additionally, I elucidate the function of another NPF known as WHAMM in the ERGIC compartment, showing that it depends on the presence of myotubularin 9 for its ability to form membrane tubules. The thesis improves our understanding of the interface between the actin cytoskeleton and intracellular membrane system.
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Citizens' attitude to the sorted waste
BABÍNKOVÁ, Klára
This Thesis is focused on problematics of waste sorting and its importance for the society. It analyzes waste management, legislative norms, motivation and ecological questions of waste sorting. Quantitative survey, that maps attitudes of respondents, is a part of this Thesis. The results shows increasing awareness of the public towards the importance. I suggest also the areas for improvement of the perception and responsibility regarding the waste sorting. Sorting the waste brings economical, ecological and social benefits and is crucial for sustainable growth.
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Using projects with environmental themes in pre-school education
PRACHAŘOVÁ, Markéta
The bachleor thesis is focused on an environmentally friendly way of life in connection with waste. The aim of the work is to create and apply educational activities that tend to elementary awareness of this topic by childern of preschool age. The theoretical part of thesis is devoted to the definition of terms related to the damage and protection of environment, sustainable development and environmental education of childern. There are also mentioned curricular documents related to environmental education and projects focused on the issue of waste, which can be used by kindergartens. In the practical part are introduced teaching activities implemented in accordance with the tematic plan. Main target of this plane is to create awareness about the possibilities how to protect nature from the increased amount of waste and lead childern to a gentle approach to the nature. The activities are divided into two blocks. The first block is focused on sorted waste, recykling and upcykling. The second block is concentrated on the use of biowaste and composting in the kindergarten. All activities are adapted to the age of childern. Each of the listed activity includes a detailed description, own implementation and reflection.
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Waste management infrastructure in the context of European legislation
Arlet, David ; Putna, Ondřej (referee) ; Pluskal, Jaroslav (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis aims to evaluate the contribution of waste management infrastructure and technologies that will play a part in the transition to circular economy. The introduction consists of the concept of circular economy and the European legislation on waste management. Furthermore it presents the waste management plan of the Czech Republic together with the methodology for reporting partial results and comparison of critical results with selected EU countries. The core of the thesis is an overview of the current processing infrastructure and potentially interesting new technologies that could help in the transition to a circular economy and thus achieve the ambitious objectives of the European Union. The outputs of the thesis can help to guide the future development of the waste management sector and thus provide a comprehensive insight into waste treatment issues, the objectives of which are mainly driven by European legislation in the context of set environmental milestones.
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Recycling modern cars
Borik, Matúš ; Charvát, Pavel (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
Zem čelí nadmernému prekračovaniu recyklačných limitov organických a anorganických surovín, čo spôsobuje nedostatočnú absorpciu skleníkových plynov. Automobilový priemysel sa v posledných desaťročiach rapídne rozbehol a má na tom svoj podiel. Významný negatívny vplyv na rast výroby automobilov má ťažba zdrojov, ktorá prináša niekoľko environmentálnych problémov, ako je vyčerpanie zdrojov, neudržateľnosť životného prostredia, ktorá vedie ku globálnemu otepľovaniu, a zdravotné problémy spojené s ťažbou zdrojov a výrobou automobilov. Ak sa má udržať úroveň používania automobilov, hlavným riešením je zamerať sa na recykláciu a výrobu ekologických vozidiel. Výskum recyklačných metód moderných vozidiel a ich analýza je zameraním tejto bakalárskej práce, ktorej konkrétnym cieľom poskytnúť náhľad rôznych typov recyklačných postupov. Prvá časť sa zaoberá všeobecnými princípmi recyklácie a recykláciou vozidiel po častiach. Následne práca presúva svoju pozornosť na obnoviteľné zdroje a ich využitie v automobilovom priemysle (elektromobily) a recykláciu moderných automobilov vyradených z prevádzky. Posledná časť prináša bližší pohľad na možnosti skladovania energie z obnoviteľných zdrojov, špecificky na vodíka (H2), jeho využitie v palivových článkoch, recykláciu vodíkových automobilov a budúcnosť pohonu. Práca konzultovaná s expert inžinierom danej oblasti.
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Optimization of the Reverse Waste Logistics System in the Selected Enterprise
Davydova, Anna ; Valenta, Tomáš (referee) ; Milichovský, František (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the research of reverse logistics of waste in the banking company Raiffeisenbank a. s. The thesis consists of three parts. The first part covers theoretical background on the basis of which in the second part, the research is carried out using the analysis of the internal and external environment. The third part contains proposals for improving the waste recycling system at the Raiffeisenbank branch in Olympia and an evaluation of achieved results.
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Proposal for a change in the production line
Bojanovský, Cyril ; Němec, Ivo (referee) ; Juřica, Pavel (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the proposal for a change in the production line to achieve efficient utilization of the resulting material waste. The work pertains to a company specializing in the production of plastic products – CECHO BUHUMIL CEMPÍREK, s.r.o. The theoretical part defines and describes the basic concepts related to the process and its possible analyses. These are used in the analytical part for a comprehensive mapping of the production process, which focuses primarily on the analysis of material, financial, and process flow. Based on these analyses, a proposal for a change in the production line is made, including the required machines, a description of the newly created processes, and analyses describing the new line. In conclusion, the overall benefits of this proposal and its financial feasibility are evaluated.
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Waste composition analysis as a support mechanism for circular economics
Halamíček, Samuel ; Varbanov, Petar Sabev (referee) ; Fan, Yee Van (advisor)
Předkládaná diplomová práce se zaměřuje na využití analýzy složení odpadu k usnadnění přechodu lineárního odpadového hospodářství na oběhové hospodářství. První část práce se zabývá úvodem do tématu odpadového a oběhového hospodářství, po kterém následuje seznámení s technikami a nástroji pro provádění analýzy složení odpadu. Druhá část práce představuje detailní analýzu, která identifikuje složení odpadu na první a třetí úrovni se zaměřením na komunální odpad. Složení odpadu vychází z certifikované metodiky, která vznikla v rámci projektu TIRSMZP719. Správa a analýza dat byla prováděna především za pomocí programovacího jazyka Visual Basic for Application (VBA). Výsledky analýzy složení odpadů jsou znázorněny pomocí grafů, které umožňují identifikovat možné trendy a rozdíly v toku odpadů v rámci zkoumaného období, území či jiného parametru. Použitelnost nástroje při navrhování vhodných způsobů úpravy a využití odpadů na základě zjištěného složení je prezentováno na případové studii města Brna. Z analýzy vyplývá, že největší podíl (23,17 %) směsného komunálního odpadu tvoří bioodpad, přičemž jako hlavní složka bioodpadu byla identifikována složka potravinových odpadů. Toto zjištění navrhuje vysokou proveditelnost a potenciál pro výrobu bioplynu. V této práci je rovněž navrženo řešení zpracování odpadu i pro ostatní složky směsného komunálního odpadu. Takové zhodnocení je klíčové a mohlo by vést k potenciálnímu snížení množství směsného komunálního odpadu až o 40 %. Toto zjištění je velmi důležité, protože celková navržená koncepce dokáže odpovědět právě na separační potenciál, který je navázán na stanovené cíle či jiné závazky související s cíli Plánu odpadového hospodářství ČR. Navržené posouzení akcentuje navržené cíle a ukazuje potenciál pro jejich splnění.
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Design of a new production line
Hejl, Martin ; Jurová, Marie (referee) ; Juřica, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the project of implementing a production line in a selected company dealing with the recycling of plastic waste and the production of rPET flakes as a secondary raw material for the production of plastic products. First, it deals with the description of the current state and the production process in the company, including the layout of the equipment, and then defines the requirements for the project by the management of the company and individual shareholders of the company. Defining the requirements for the project and at the same time the method of obtaining key information took place on the basis of in-depth interviews with the interested parties of this project, while a pilot design of the layout of the machinery was created, including a description of the technology and a flowchart of the required production process. The main content of the design part is the creation of a proposal for a possible implementation of the production line using a network diagram using the PERT method, which indicates that the duration of the project was calculated to be 106.6 days. Together with the network diagram of the project, an analysis and proposals for managing the risks of this project were prepared. At the end of the draft chapter, a financial analysis of the project's payback period was carried out, as the condition of a payback period of 3-5 years must be met in order for the project to be approved by the shareholders, which this project fulfilled in all three expected progress scenarios.
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Design of shredder of 3D printing plastic parts
Lollek, Petr ; Koutecký, Tomáš (referee) ; Křivohlavý, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the structural design of a shredder for plastic waste generated by 3D printing. The aim of the thesis is the design of a shredder whose output can be used to produce printing filament. The first part of the thesis consists of research of different types of shredders, an analysis of the basic methods of additive technology, the most used materials of FDM technology and the waste generated from them. The second part then evaluates conceptual options. The most suitable option is selected using the criteria established based on the conducted research and the objectives of the thesis. The practical part then deals with the verifying calculations and the actual structural design consisting of four main parts (drive unit, shredder assembly, the frame and enclosure)
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