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Essays on the impact of technological change on economic structure
Pleticha, Petr ; Srholec, Martin (advisor) ; Bajgar, Matěj (referee) ; Goedhuys, Micheline (referee) ; Lábaj, Martin (referee)
Interní Essays on the Impact of Technological Change on Economic Structure Abstract This dissertation investigates the interplay between technological change and economic structure. Welcomed technological change sometimes brings changes to the structure of the economy which introduces not so welcomed economic frictions. On the other hand, economic structure can foster or hinder technological change. This thesis focuses mainly on structural changes such as R&D financing and global value chain (GVC) integration potentially translating into economic productivity. In Chapter 2, I show that business R&D spending exerts both direct and indirect positive effects on value added. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of the returns to R&D has seldom been examined. Using detailed sectoral data from Czechia over the period 1995-2015, this study finds that privately funded business R&D has both direct and spillover effects, but that the publicly funded part of business R&D only leads to spillovers. The results further suggest that both upstream and downstream spillovers matter, regardless of the source of funding, and that during the period studied, R&D returns were heavily affected by the economic crisis. Lastly, private R&D offers significant returns only after reaching a critical mass, while the effects of public R&D...
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Impact evaluation of foreign direct investment on the financial situation of an internationally operating enterprise and suggestions for its improvement
Šulc, Michal ; Hornungová, Jana (referee) ; Procházková, Kateřina (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the evaluation of the impact of foreign direct investment on the financial situation of the internationally operating company ČESKÁ LÉKÁRNA HOLDING, a.s. The theoretical part includes a comprehensive analysis of foreign direct investment from various aspects, financial analysis, selected indicators, analysis of external and internal environment and methodological approaches including statistical tests for subsequent research. The analytical part includes selected indicators for the period 2000 to 2021 presented in graphical form as well as research aimed at demonstrating the impact of foreign direct investment. The design section proposes solutions that are expected to induce positive or economically beneficial changes with the anticipated result of improving the company's financial situation.
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Determinants of Economic Development in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Czech Republic
Gonsior, Martin ; Zinecker, Marek (referee) ; Luňáček, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis focuses on uncovering the determinants of growth in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into a theoretical basis, which is devoted to economic growth and the determinants that can affect it, and an analytical part, where the dependence of selected determinants on economic growth is examined. The results of the individual analyses are compared with each other. At the end of this thesis, the results are discussed and recommendations are formulated for the top institutions of the selected countries.
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Príliv priamych zahraničných investíciíc do krajín V4
Chovanec, Miloslav
Chovanec, M. Determinants of foreign direct investments to the V4 countries. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2020. The aim of this thesis is to identify the determinants of foreign direct investment to the V4 countries. The aim of the thesis is fulfilled through regression analysis of time data of selected variables in the period 1997 to 2019. The work also describes and evaluates the development of foreign direct investment inflows to individual countries. The identified indicators point to the diversity of results within the V4 countries. In the Slovak Republic, the most significant factors influencing the inflow of foreign direct investment are the factors inflation and infrastructure. For Czech Republic the main factor is infrastructure and corporate tax factor for Poland. For Hungary, no factor was found to be significant at the 1 % level of significance, but some factors are identified that affect the inflow of foreign direct investment to Hungary at 5 and 10 % of the level of significance, namely GDP per hour factor, inflation and action factor elections in a given year.
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The role of foreign direct investment in the economic development of Nigeria
Šikulová, Bára
This study analyzes the impact of foreign direct investment inflow on the economic development of Nigera. The literature review covered the main topics related to the research, such as foreign direct investment, economic development and their relationship, and a comparison of the evolution of the chosen variables in time in Nigeria with the other countries. Annual time series data for the research were obtained from the World Bank database, ranging from 2003 to 2020. As a method of analysis, the ordinary least square (OLS) technique is used to estimate the multivariate regression model, together with the Unit root (ADF) test and Johansen cointegrations test. The dependent variable for the research was Human Development Index (HDI), and the independent variables were Foreign direct investment (FDI), Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and Labour force (LF). The results show that while LF has a significant positive impact on HDI, FDI and GFCF have no significant impact on HDI in the analysed period.
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Ekonomický vplyv Číny v Latinskej Amerike
Čech, Michal
The bachelor's thesis deals with China's current influence in Latin American countries. Closer, however, is the work focused on the area of mining of mineral resources, with which the Chinese presence is often associated. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of mutual trade relations, but also the influence of China's influence in the region. We also deal with direct foreign investments and the export market in our work. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to find out what is the economic importance of China for Latin America, especially what is the role of Chinese trade and Chinese investments for the economy of Latin American countries. As attributes, we set exports and investments in selected Latin American countries, specifically in Chile, Mexico and Peru. The presented work consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. In the theoretical part, we focus on the research of professional literature through which we will process theoretical knowledge about the foreign-political relations of China and Latin America. Based on the available literature, we will theoretically process the economic relations between China and Latin America, which we will apply to the empirical part. The empirical part of the work will consist of case studies of selected Latin American countries, namely Chile, Mexico and Peru. The attributes of the comparison that will be described in the thesis within the mentioned countries are export and foreign investments.
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Fiscal benefits and environmental costs of the corporate tax race to the bottom
Čep, Jiří ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to compare the fiscal benefits and environmen- tal costs of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) gained through lowering the corporate tax. We achieve this by utilizing a dataset constructed from multiple sources, primarily World Bank, UN, and UNU WIDER. It encom- passes 223 countries and territories between 1990 and 2020. In the three-step model, we first explain the variation in FDI due to a change in the corpo- rate tax rate, later investigate the effect of the change of FDI on government corporate tax revenue, and finally, we examine the effect of FDI change on CO2 emissions. We then convert those to monetary terms using the social costs of carbon mechanics. The results show that although we have discovered a significant positive fiscal effect of corporate tax cut, we have failed to prove the existence of a causal relationship between FDI change and change in CO2 emissions per capita. Moreover, we did not find evidence of this relationship on any regional or development level. We verified the existence of a positive impact of corporate tax cut on incoming FDI. Keywords Corporate taxation, greenhouse gas emissions, social costs of carbon, for- eign direct investment, tax havens
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Analysis of the Pattern of US FDI Inflow into CEE region and a Study of the Impact of US FDI on the Private Consumption Expenditure of Czech Republic
John, Erin ; Jeřábek, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee) ; Figueira, Filipa (referee)
The study presented has a dual objective. The first one being to analyse the pattern of inflow of FDI from The United States into the CEE region for a period of thirty years (1990 - 2020). The countries from the CEE region that is studied here are Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland , Romania, Slovenia and Slovakia. The second objective of the study is to understand the impact US FDI inflow has on the Private Consumption Expenditure of Czech Republic for the same time period. I gathered data on twelve macroeconomic variables of the CEE region in the past thirty years. In order to study the pattern of the FDI inflow, the factors that attracted the huge amount of FDI has been taken as the primary material. Analysis has been conducted individually on each factor that possibly is an FDI attractor. The first objective is concluded with a Panel Data regression analysis of all the factors that influenced the FDI inflow from US to the CEE region over the past thirty years. The results of the analysis reveal that in the case of the US FDI inflow to the CEE region , it can be mirrored in the Universal Model of Factors Determining FDI. In order to fulfil the second objective, a Time-series regression analysis is conducted between the Private Consumption Expenditure and the...
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Foreign direct investment in the Czech Republic
Vrtal, Vojtěch ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vaňková, Lucie (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is a definition of regional development and foreign direct investments. The practical part deals with an analysis of foreign investments in individual regions of the Czech Republic and monitors years 2010-2020. It also examines the impact on regions and the development of living standards. As an example of foreign direct investment in the Czech Republic is used a company BOSCH DIESEL, s.r.o.. Thesis focuses on one specific investment and examines its impact on the development of the Vysočina Region, more precisely of Jihlava District.
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Involvement of the People's Republic of China in Africa
Svobodová, Petra ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis "Involvement of the People's Republic of China in Africa' deals with the evolution of China-Africa cooperation in the three specified time periods. Mainly it deals with the time period of the last nearly sixty years. This time period was subsequently divided into the period of the Cold War, 1990s and the last period is representing the year 2000 up to the present. Even though the diploma thesis deals with the African continent as a whole unit, the special emphasis was put on the four specific countries - namely Angola, Nigeria, Sudan and Zimbabwe. It analyses how the mutual cooperation has changed during these three different time periods and what has been the main components of China-Africa relationship. Primarily cooperation in the economic (foreign direct investments, foreign aid, balance of trade etc.), the political, but also the military sphere is analysed. The emphasis is also put on the Chinese status of a genuine alternative to the Western donor block, especially its policy of non- interference and aid without conditions. Diploma thesis also briefly touches on the approach of the traditional Western countries towards Africa (Washington versus Beijing Consensus). Positive and negative sides of mutual cooperation is also discussed.
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