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Competitiveness of the Indian economy
Goyal, Ishaan
This thesis aims to investigate the determinants of competitiveness of the Indian economy and how they contribute to its performance in the global economy. The study will analyse five crucial factors: the legal system, human capital investments, technical improvements, well-established transportation networks, and trade ties. The research will use metrics such as the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index, Active Working Population, Research and Development Expenditure, and Trade. The study's primary objective is to identify, assess, and discuss the significant factors that influence the competitiveness of the Indian economy and how well it performs in the global economy. The specific objectives of this research include evaluating the framework and development of the Indian economy historically, looking at various aspects of competition relating to the Indian economy, highlighting and evaluating the important factors affecting India's competitiveness, looking at how these factors interact and affect India's competitiveness, and providing policy recommendations that can enhance the Indian economy's competitiveness and standing in the global marketplace.
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Podmíněný Účinek Institucí na Hospodářský Růst: liší se systematicky úroveň institucí se stupněm hospodářského rozvoje?
Shvechikov, Ivan ; Klosová, Anna (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
The institutional quality concept, advanced by academic literature as a mean to enhance output growth, suffer from the absence of a clear implementation strategy. Considering that developing countries usually lack resources to be able to afford large-scale universal institutional reforms, the lack of roadmap puts substantial obstacles to practical application of the given concept. This thesis therefore goes beyond the simple statement of institutional primacy and sets an objective to differentiate the institutional effects relative to the level of development. To test it empirically, fixed effects model is chosen and interaction terms between the measures of institutional quality and the share of middle class are employed. Obtained coefficients indicate that institutions promote economic growth only when middle class share exceeds 25%. At the same time, different aspects of institutional quality exhibit contradictory dynamics. The control of corruption becomes growth enhancing only when middle class constitutes over one third of the population, while the relevance of government effectiveness for economic growth on the contrary decreases with the enlargement of middle class. These findings confirm the presence of conditionality and deny the existence of universal recipe for institutional reforms. Implementation of better institutions based on context-specific approach would therefore bring greater results in terms of economic growth than the direct adoption of best-practice institutions, so intensively advanced by the World Bank and the IMF.
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