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The use watercourses and waterbodies within an urbanised countryside area
Šímová, Jana ; Kročová,, Šárka (referee) ; Polešáková, Marie (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Kopáčik, Gabriel (advisor)
Water is an integral part of our life and waterways and areas were and still are an essential part of the public space of our cities and municipalities. We can find public space in every seat and we meet with the water on many of them. The water in public spaces appears in a different form. Whether these are minor elements, such as fountains, drinking water features, or larger water flows and water area. The water in the public space has its indispensable role. It is well known that its presence has a great impact on the well-being of man. Despite the fact that water is really important in the Interior of human settlements, over the years, water has disappeared on many places from public spaces, due to the technical development and development of settlements. The development of human settlements and public spaces takes place constantly from the time they were established. In recent years, the viewpoint of their importance is significantly changing and lot of the seats are aware of their value. The public space is like a living room of the city, thus a representative place. That´s why, the reconstructions of public space are quite often in recent years with use of water elements. The phenomenon of water surfaces is a factor which affecting the sustainable development and quality of life. Public space is not only an important functional element in the big cities. It has a great importance for smaller municipalities too. And just on them the thesis is focused. Their public space is often neglected. As well as water features in the surrounding area, which are uncared-for or extinct. Water in the form of water courses or water bodies have a great potential, in which a lot of possibilities is hidden, with which you can work in the urbanized areas. The goal of this thesis is to find a new role for the watercourses and water areas to be integrated into public space and public space, thanks to this, become a representative and functional part of the village once again.
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Characteristics of drains parameters choice Stropnice river-basin
FRAŇKOVÁ, Diana
Water is one of the basic sources of nature, which along with earth and climate are the basis of life. In nature there are a lot of types of water e.g.: running water and ditchwater source or as underground water. Metering of watercourses is one part of landscape research. The most significant factors which affect hydrological characteristics of small watercourses, are inter-relations between rain-fall and drains, climatic and geologic effects and last but not least humans!!! In my work are drainage parameters of Bedrichovsky and Pasecky streams. Pasecky stream is part of the watercourse called Stropnice river. The two small river basins have different areas. But they have the same parameters, type of earth and orographic. I analysed all data collected between 1. 1. 2004 and 21. 2. 2007. Using Excel to produce graphs, I compared and interpreted data of both water basins.
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Kinetics of selected herbicides and their biodegradation in soil and water environments
Šabršulová, Anna ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Stibal, Marek (referee)
The three most commonly used herbicides in the Czech Republic (chloracetanilides, triazines and glyphosate) are also the herbicidal compounds found in the highest concentration in surface water. After agricultural application, they interact with soil and water due to their chemical properties and environmental factors affecting them. Adsorption coefficient, solubility in water environment, precipitation and drift have high impacts on the kinetics of these herbicides and degradates emerging from them. While moving through soil, parent compounds of mentioned herbicides are actively biodegraded by microorganisms, the most effective decomposers in nature. Biodegradation in soil and water environments is accelerated or slowed by temperature, moisture, quantity of microbial communities and many other environmental factors. Even if the microbial degradation is effective in a water or soil environment, there are many other new, arising compounds whose persistence in the environment is significantly higher than that of the parent compound. Degradates can end up in surface water by run off or wash out from agricultural fields and can remain there for decades depending on their chemical properties and natural conditions. Key words: surface water, herbicides, herbicides degradation products, rainfall-runoff...
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Response of selected rivers of the Bohemian Massif to lithological and structural conditions
Flašar, Jan ; Nývlt, Daniel (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Jan (referee)
Three groups of streams were selected in the area of the Bohemian Massif: the Berounka river with its source streams; the Vltava river with its tributaries the Malše and the Lužnice; the Labe river with its tributaries the Cidlina, the Bystřice and the Javorka. The lithological and tectonical influences to several parameters of the streams were studied. These parameters include: stream gradient, orientation of the stream and sinuosity of the stream. Data were obtained from digital elevation models, aerial photographs, topographical and geological maps. The longitudinal profiles of the streams (in the combination with geological cross-sections), the SL indexes and the gradient/sinuosity graphs were created on the basis of the obtained data. These tools were used for evaluation of the influence of lithology and the tectonics to the streams. The evolution of the streams and the stream-groups was evaluated and compared as well. A strong influence of lithology on the stream gradient was found on most of the analysed streams. The tectonic situation, on the contrary, had strong influence on the orientation of the streams, especially in the resistant rocks. Also, there were selected areas, where was a higher probability of quaternary vertical movements influencing the streams (mountainous areas of the Novohradské...
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Škody bobrem evropským na zemědělských plodinách a na dřevinách na Moravě
Kolomiichenko, Kseniia
The thesis deals with the influence of an innate activity of the European beaver (Castor fiber) on agricultural crops and forest cover near the watercourse of Moravia and it maps its historical and current presence. The base for the theoretical part were Czech and foreign literary sources. In the practical part there were used the data from personal field research and other institutions. Field mapping of tree damages caused by the beaver took place on the territory of the national park Podyji, according to the classical methods of beaver monitoring; the data about the damage in agriculture were collected from AOPK ČR. The obtained data follow that there is a close connection between a natural way of life of the European beaver and observed damages on agricultural and forest cover. It also shows that the number of preventive measures, which are recommended, will not be enough to prevent damages, and thus it is necessary to combine them consistently.
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The issue of naming watercourses
KOLÁTOROVÁ, Adéla
The theme of bachelor's work is the issue of naming watercourses. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The first part contains theoretical knowledge of onomastics. Closer focuses on toponymics, anoikonyms and hydronyms, i.e. proper names of watercourses. The practical part deals with linguistic analysis and characterization of the set of names of rivers, ponds and streams in the Vysočina Region, (or) more precisely in Jihlava district. The aim of this work is to contribute to the onomastic names of the Vysočina Region.
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Kinetics of selected herbicides and their biodegradation in soil and water environments
Šabršulová, Anna ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Stibal, Marek (referee)
The three most commonly used herbicides in the Czech Republic (chloracetanilides, triazines and glyphosate) are also the herbicidal compounds found in the highest concentration in surface water. After agricultural application, they interact with soil and water due to their chemical properties and environmental factors affecting them. Adsorption coefficient, solubility in water environment, precipitation and drift have high impacts on the kinetics of these herbicides and degradates emerging from them. While moving through soil, parent compounds of mentioned herbicides are actively biodegraded by microorganisms, the most effective decomposers in nature. Biodegradation in soil and water environments is accelerated or slowed by temperature, moisture, quantity of microbial communities and many other environmental factors. Even if the microbial degradation is effective in a water or soil environment, there are many other new, arising compounds whose persistence in the environment is significantly higher than that of the parent compound. Degradates can end up in surface water by run off or wash out from agricultural fields and can remain there for decades depending on their chemical properties and natural conditions. Key words: surface water, herbicides, herbicides degradation products, rainfall-runoff...
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Assessment of river restoration effects based on hydromorphology
Šolc, Jakub ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Tichý, Vojtěch (referee)
In the field of river restorations, topics being currently discussed are assessing success and quantifying effects that river restoration measures should have. This bachelor thesis deals with an assessment of the river restoration effects based on the hydromorphology. Current knowledge in fields of hydromorphology and fluvial geomorphology are presented in the theoretical part of this thesis. Recent outcomes and methodical procedures that are used to evaluate the effects of river restoration measures are also included. A method was developed based on the theoretical part of this thesis and the method EcoRivHab in order to assess the restoration effects by selected parametres. The method was applied on the restored segment of Litovický stream in Hostivice town in the practical part. The results of the thesis showed what a significant impact the restoration had on Litovický stream (in average +33.74 %). The parameter maximum flow velocity showed the highest effect (+84.9 %). On contrary, the parameter structure of bank vegetation had the only negative effect (-1.8 %). Key words: streams, river restoration, restoration effect, hydromorphology, hydromorphological survey
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Doprovodná vegetace vodních toků
Hamata, Jakub
This thesis pays attention to description of river developement, functioning, and their influence on the watershed landscape. It also focuses on the topic of relationship between rivers, riparian ecosystems, and human society. Those information showed the importance of river existence within the landscape and urban areas. The final part of the literary overview describes how rivers should be implemented into the spatial and landscape planning process in conditions of Czech republic. The methodology for river ecological quality assesment contains three basic levels: the level of the watershed, the level of dams or ponds, and the level of the river itself. This way it is possible to design stabilization and developement measures effectively and conceptually. Special attention has been payed to design a methodology that requires reasonable equipement, reasonable amount of time, and delivers useful high quality data. The methodology has been applied in chosen part of the Pšovka river. Chosen area has been analysed and evaluated accordingly to the designed methodology. Stabilization and developement measures have been designed on three basic levels described above. Those measures aim to stabilize and improve the quality of the watershed, and river including its riparian ecosystems. This is achieved by designing regulations, technical constructions, and vegetation elements.
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