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Zaplevelení jarního ječmene v podmínkách odlišného střídání plodin
Hrubý, Roman
In my diploma thesis I deal with weed infestation of spring barley under different crop rotation conditions. I evaluated the weed intensity in 2016 - 2018 at the experimental station of Mendel University in Žabčice. Weeds were evaluated in spring barley stands, which were grown in two field trials with different crop rotation. The first experiment was a long-term monoculture of spring barley, which has been in Žabčice since 1970. In the second attempt, it was evaluated in crop rotation crops according to the Norfolk crop rotation. In the first and second attempts I used two variants of soil cultivation, traditional and minimizing. Weeds have always been evaluated before herbicide application. Evaluation of weed intensity showed that crop rotation has a great influence on the species composition of weeds in spring barley. In the variant with long-term spring barley monoculture, significantly fewer weed plants were observed than in the variant with the Norfolk crop rotation.
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Diverzita plevelů v podmínkách odlišného střídání plodin
Daníčková, Lucie
The aim of this study was to evaluate the species composition of weeds in the crop. Spring barely has been grown in the monoculture and also within the Norfolk crop rotation. The ground was utilized in two ways. The first way was classical (traditional) technology with using of deep plowing, the second way was minimization of technologies. Observation of the field trial was done in 2014 and 2015 and the results of this experiment were evaluated in the period between 5.5.2014 and 2.5.2015 prior to application of herbicides. Numerical method has been used there, the number of weeds was detected per 1 m2 for each variant tillage and crop rotation in 25 repetitions. Results of the evaluation of weed crops of spring barley were first processed by using DCA analysis. The result is a length of the gradient (Lengths of gradient). In our case it was 5.058. For further processing was chosen canonical correspondence analysis CCA. Analysis CCA defines the spatial arrangement of individual weed species and studied factors of cultivation practices (crop rotation, tillage) based on data about the frequency of occurrence of weed species. This is later graphically expressed by the ordination diagram. At the study area were recorded overall 31 weed species. The greatest abundance was found on land, where minimizing tillage technology was used. Diversity in traditional tillage was comparable with diversity in the minimization tillage and it was therefore impossible to establish whether the tillage effects on species diversity of weeds. In monoculture we found 13 weed species all together, while on the ground were we use Norfolk crop rotation, there were a total of 17 species. It is therefore possible to conclude that the practical use of crop rotation has a positive impact on the diversity of weeds. Crop rotation was probably more suitable for those species: Arctium tomentosum, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Erodium cicutarium, Euphorbia helioscopia, Chenopodium album, Chenoodium ficifolium, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium quinoa, Malva Neglecta, Polygonum aviculare, Sonchus oleraceus, Thlapsi arvense, Trifolium alexandrinum, Tripleurospermum inodorum and Viola arvensis. I recommend to continue the field trial in order to evaluate the long-term ties weeds on crop rotations and tillage.
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