|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Multiple sclerosis and its influence on an individual and his surroundings
HRUBÁ, Ludmila
In this bachelor thesis I focused on the problem of the multiple sclerosis. It is an autoimmune neurological disorder manifesting itself by an emergence of inflammatory foci in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord, which destroys a container of nerve fibres so called myelin. The nerve fibre undresses and a neurotransmission slows down. Scars remain in the place of the myelin damage. An onset of the disease is usually between 20 and 40 years. At present, in the Czech Republic there are approximately 15 000 people with multiple sclerosis, 60% of them are women and 40% are men. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I focused on the current state of the problem. In individual chapters I present for example a history, a theory of the emergence or a communication with people with this disability. The theoretical part should provide basic information about multiple sclerosis. The practical part consists of a methodology I used for gathering information for the research and an evaluation of results. The information was collected by a technique of a qualitative research, a method of a semi-structured interview. Experimental samples were two. The first one was compound of people who have multiple sclerosis, the second one were close people, i.e. friends, family members. I conducted the research with clients from St. Joseph´s Home in Žireč, with clients of MS Centre in České Budějovice and with my close people and friends. Results of the research are presented in the section Results and Discussion. An aim of this thesis was to determine the influence of multiple sclerosis on an individual and his surroundings and to familiarize the people with the disease and the problems which this disorder can bring. During my research I focused on issues of housing, employment, culture life and an awareness of this problem.
|
|
|
Lifestyle of persons with disability of motor funtions - personal statements.
STRNADOVÁ, Monika
Any disability can bring disadvantages in many aspects of human lives. This often affects physical, mental and social areas of life. It depends on many circumstances and factors to what extent and at what intensity disability influences the way of life. The research part of my diploma thesis confirms this fact. Not only the type of disability and its prognosis, the personality and his/her ability to handle difficult situations in life, but also the quality of social relationships and the strength of the social safety net are important factors. Irreplaceable role in caring for people with a disability has comprehensive rehabilitation, which helps not only to improve the health condition, to restore job skills and self-sufficiency, but mainly supports a successful return to the home environment as well as to the regular everyday life.The aim of my thesis was to learn about individual life stories of people struggling with a disability of physical functions, whether due to an illness, injury or another disability, resulting in movement disorders, and to find out how the disability affects their lives. I tried to analyze specific aspects of life and social consequences of disability (coping with disabilities,value orientation, interpersonal relationships, future plans, self-realization). The base of my work is the holistic, i.e. bio-psycho-socio-spiritual approach, I respect the individuality of each individual, his/her attitude to life with a handicap (disability).
|
|
|
The patiens with disseminated sclerosis in care of aftercare agency
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Dita
The multiple sclerosis is a disease affecting the central nervous system and harming the nerve cells. First of all the coat of nerve fibres called myelin is harmed. This causes subsequently the harm to axon and leading the excitement. As a consequence of progressing disease the people are not able to take care of themselves by the course of time and they need the help of other persons; often they decide to co-operate with the Domestic Care Agency. They are taken care of and they can stay in their natural environment. The domestic care may be defined as the form of health and social care provided to clients in their own social environment by Domestic Care Agencies. The bachelor thesis has a theoretical part and research part. In the theoretical part, the information concerning the domestic care is included. We can find here the history of domestic care, assurance of domestic care in the Czech Republic, description of agencies of domestic care and their equipment and in the last section, also the nursing care in the domestic care. The theoretical part deals moreover with the multiple sclerosis, especially by clinical signs, diagnostics, healing and nursing care. In the research part, the qualitative research investigation was performed, the method of data collection were talks with the nurses of Domestic Care Agency as well as with patients with multiple sclerosis and observing the co-operation of the nurse with the patient. The talk was conducted by five nurses and was split into several parts concerning the attendance frequency of the nurse in patient home, co-operation with the patient, performed interventions, specialities of nursing care for the patients with multiple sclerosis. The talk with the patients was done in their home environment after the visit of the nurse and 4 patients answered the questions. The questions of the talk focused on the regularity of visits of Domestic Care Agency, provided services, satisfaction with Domestic Care Agency, co-operation with nurses. The thesis deals with three goals. The first of them is finding out the satisfaction of patients with multiple sclerosis with the care of Domestic Care Agency and its employees. The second target was to define what services are provided to the patients with this illness. The last target was to find out the specifics of the care for multiple sclerosis patients. The targets of this thesis were achieved. It follows from the research part ¨that the patients are satisfied with the care of Domestic Care Agency and its employees. The nurses stated in accordance with it that the nursing care for the patients with multiple sclerosis has certain specifics, among others mainly the sufficient psychological support of the patients, the long-term co-operation of the agency with patients and the close relationship to the patients. The performed interventions were also found out. It is first of all the rehabilitation care connected with the care for patient´s skin. The bachelor thesis may be utilised in Domestic Care Agencies for improving the care for patients with multiple sclerosis and it serves as feedback of patients also for the Domestic Care Agency concerning the behaviour of its employees
|
|
|
The Centre for Demyelinating Illnesses in Prague II. versus the Out patient of Demyelinating Illnesses in České Budějovice ( Multiple sclerosis - the part of my life)
LINHARTOVÁ, Kateřina
My bachelor thesis is devoted to the issue of multiple sclerosis. It is a case of demyelinating disease affecting the central nerve system by inflammatory focuses. It causes nerve channel disorders and nerve fibre destruction, which may result in damage of function followed by disability. Genesis of a multiple sclerosis has not been known yet. It may be generated by a number of factors. The disease affects an individual of younger and medium age, more often women than men. At present the multiple sclerosis is an illness that can be diagnosed as early as at its clinical beginning and the adequate therapy can be started as soon as possible. Although there is no causal treatment yet, modern medical methods represent significant step forward and an increase of the per cent of patients whose central nerve system may not be damaged and permanent disability may not occur. Complex care for the patient with multiple sclerosis is secured by so called MS Centres (Multiple Sclerosis Centres) established and working all over the Czech Republic. The scope of their activity is rather wide: from the diagnostics of the illness, over pharmacological treatment, treatment by a psychologist, socially-legal consultancy and rehabilitation up to the scientifically-research and educational activity.I focused my work on particularly two such establishments {--} The Centre for Demyelinating Diseases in Prague 2 and Outpatient Department of Demyelinating Diseases in České Budějovice. I set up following objectives: the first objective was to map out the provision of services by the two above mentioned establishments. The second objective of my work was to find out the quality of such services involving examinations of patients taking medicines of the first selection and the IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin), the clinical examination of the patients being monitored, the examination of new patients, the administration of intravenous drip therapy, the services of a psychologist and of a social worker, rehabilitation. I selected a qualitative research for fulfilment of the above mentioned two objectives. The selective pattern involved five clients of the Outpatient Department of Demyelinating Diseases in České Budějovice and seven clients from the Centre for Demyelinating Diseases in Prague 2. The clients were selected by the random systematic selection. The necessary data were collected by method of interview, semi standardized interview technique. The interview was performed with staff of both establishments and with the clients.I would like to contribute by my thesis to increase of the public awareness of the issue of multiple sclerosis, of the services being provided and treatment possibilities. This paper may also be a guide for improvement of services provided to patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. The achieved conclusions and created hypotheses can be used as a basis for further quantitative research of this issue.
|
|
|
Life quality of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis
OHÁŇKOVÁ, Jana
A multiple cerebrospinal sclerosis is one of the most frequent neurologic diseases affecting individuals in the productive age, more often women. The thesis aims to describe the life quality of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. To detect whether due to the multiple sclerosis the qualities of life change. If this would be the case then the goal is to reveal which aspects the changes affect. Another objective was to establish whether the life quality of multiple sclerosis patients decreases depending on the period of time since the diagnosis was made, that is on the duration of the disease. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to describing the disease in general, signs, symptoms, prognosis, and treatment. I also deal with defining the term of life quality and its clarification, I also discuss the social-legal problems of the disease. The practical part of the thesis implements both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method included a semi-standardized interview. The quantitative method incorporated interrogative research using a SF-36 questionnaire about the quality of life conditioned by health. The information detected from the semi-standardized interview (the qualitative part) served as the basis for defining hypotheses for the quantitative part of the thesis. The following hypotheses were defined: H1: ``The quality of life in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is lower than in the general population" and H2: "The quality of life in multiple sclerosis carriers decreases in correlation to the period of time since the diagnosis was made, that is on the duration of the disease.{\crqq} Chapter ``Results{\crqq} contains the established information.
|
|
|
SCLEROSIS MULTIPLEX LIKE AN ENFORCED LIFESTYLE
JAKEŠOVÁ, Lucie
My thesis deals with the quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis affects mainly persons at the productive age, i.e. between 20 and 40 years of age. As a consequence patients become disabled. I my thesis I describe symptoms of this disease, its clinical picture, causes and origin and also consequences. I am concerned with patient´s psycho-social changes as well as changes in patient´s quality of life as a consequence of the disease. For the practical part I used the quantitative research. Respondents were selected at random with regard to stratification. The techniques of a semi-standardized interview and a questionnaire were used to collect data. The research was conducted in the nursing home Domov Svateho Josefa (St Joseph´s Home) in Zirec at Dvur Kralove nad Labem in November 2007 with eight respondents, six women and two men. The objective was to examine the impacts of multiple sclerosis on the quality of patients´ lives. The targets of my research were also to find out if the help granted by state is sufficient, if the disease affects patients´ family and social relations and if the patients themselves are familiar with all the ways how to get the support from government institutions in terms of some subsidy. The results of the research show that the patient´s quality of life has changed as a consequence of the disease both in the economic respect and the respect of social relations. Most patients are not informed enough on all the possibilites how to get financial aid from government organizations and therefore they do not apply for any subsidy. The suprising finding was that most patients are satisfied with the state support and policy. I was reassured in my belief that there are not enough accessible indoor, as well as outdoor service providers. This is the reason why most patients stay away from social life and do not enter into social relations. Therefore my suggestion is to improve the accessibility to public areas. It is also necessary to enhance awareness of the disease not only in the public but also in patients themselves. The patients with multiple sclerosis often do not know all the opportunities how to improve quality of their lives.
|
|
|
The use of social and health services for people with multiple sclerosis
KAŠPAROVÁ, Eva
Multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system which leads to demyelination of nerve fibres or to their direct loss. Multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological cause of chronic disability in young adults. There is no known effective cure for this disease. It is only possible to reduce the progression rate of the disease by recently available medication and their combinations. Social and health services bring significant benefit to life of people with multiple sclerosis. Health services are important not only for medical treatment but also for support because they try to improve or preserve physical condition and affect also mental condition. Social services become more important as the disease progresses when people are no longer able to cope with routine everyday activities. The objective of my thesis was to suggest suitable health and social services for people with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, to find out which of these services are used by ill people. The hypothesis of the thesis was: Some types of social services for people with multiple sclerosis are not quantitatively provided unlike health services. In my thesis I used quantitative research, interviewing and the questionnaire method. Questionnaires were filled in by adults with multiple sclerosis in selected organisations {\clqq}Roska`` in the Czech republic. During the research I discovered problems with insufficient awareness of social services and not using contributions and allowances for social services. On the contrary, the results of the research imply that health services are being used. I assume that the hypothesis was confirmed. I find the contribution of the thesis in the fact that I suggested recommendations for suitable health and social services for people with multiple sclerosis. After completion of local contacts, this suggestion could be used as an informative brochure which would be available to people with multiple sclerosis.
|
guest ::
