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Treatment of a patient with thermal injury in pre-hospital urgent care
BAYEROVÁ, Karolína
The topic of this bachelor thesis is Treatment of a patient with thermal injury in prehospital emergency care. The theoretical part informs about the basics of anatomy and physiology, division of thermal injuries, classification and evaluation of extend of burns. Other chapters are dedicated to proper treatment and direction without unnecessary prolongation, leading to an increase in chance of survival of these patients.For the empirical part of the bachelor thesis, three goals were set. First goal was to map out the knowledge of paramedics considering the issue of thermal injuries. Second goal was to map out the approach of paramedics in case of a thermal injury in an adult patient. Last goal was to map out the approach of paramedics in case of a thermal injury in a paediatric patient. The research part was carried out via qualitative method, using semi-structured interviews. The interviews consisted of fifteen questions, which were prepared in advance, and were conducted with the paramedics of the Emergency medical services of the South Bohemia region. There were also ten randomly selected paramedics involved in the research from the regional centres of the South Bohemia region, four paramedics from České Budějovice and six from Jindřichův Hradec, to be exact.The research study has shown, that paramedics are completely oriented in the given topic and have enough knowledge to provide prehospital emergency care in case of thermal injuries. We are convinced, that all the goals were fulfilled.The conclusion contains evaluation of the goals, summary of the research study and recommendations for both the paramedics and the lay public.
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Therapy of arterial hypertension in prehospital emergency care and at urgent admission
SYNKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis on the topic of Therapy of arterial hypertension in prehospital emergency care and in the emergency room is focused on dealing with states in cases of sudden escalation of patient's blood pressure. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. In the theoretical part, blood pressure is characterized, including the methods of its measurement, arterial hypertension and hypertensive crisis. Furthermore, there are descriptions of the basic classes of anti-hypertensives and their use in specific groups with arterial hypertension. In the practical part of the bachelor thesis, three goals were set. The first goal was to map out how arterial hypertension is treated in prehospital emergency care within the competences of paramedics and guidelines of given workplace of the emergency medical service. Second goal was to map out the way in which arterial hypertension is treated in emergency rooms of given workplaces, and the third goal was to find out what are the differences between therapy of arterial hypertension in prehospital emergency care and in the emergency room. The research study was carried out via qualitative method of data collection using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with paramedics operating within the Emergency medical services of the South Bohemia region in the districts of Písek, Tábor and Český Krumlov. In addition, selected paramedics working in the emergency department of České Budějovice Hospital also took part in the interviews. From the results of the research part of the bachelor thesis can be concluded, that the interviewed paramedics have enough experiences and knowledge in the area of treating a patient with arterial hypertension and know when it is adequate to reach out to a medical professional about possible therapy.
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Modern technology in prehospital emergency care
BRŮŽKOVÁ, Nikola
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of modern technologies in prehospital emergency care. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on individual technologies, which are, according to available sources, considered modern. The set goal, which the bachelor thesis should fulfil, is to find out about applicability of modern technologies in prehospital emergency care. Two research questions were also established: which modern technologies are used in prehospital emergency care and what impact do modern technologies have on the providing of prehospital emergency care. To fulfil set goal, research study was conducted in a qualitative form via the semi-structured interview technique. These interviews were processed using open coding and after that, the analysed data were sorted into individual categories. The research sample consisted of paramedics of the South Bohemia region. The practical part of the bachelor thesis contains results of the research study, in which the answers to the previously mentioned research questions were found and in addition to that also the opinion on modern technologies in prehospital emergency care from the point of view of a paramedic. In the answers of the paramedics was found, among other things, that they all agree on the fact, that the app Záchranka benefits prehospital emergency care. On the contrary, a drone, as an unmanned aerial vehicle, does not have that much of a significance for the prehospital emergency care of the Czech Republic, actually exactly half of the respondents did not have any knowledge about this medium. It was also found, that, according to the respondents, modern technologies overall significantly influence prehospital emergency care, however the experience was not always a positive one. This bachelor thesis can be beneficial due to the processed information in the theoretical part and following results in the practical part.
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Preparedness of physicians emergency Medical services of the South Bohemian Region for emergencies with a collective disability of persons
ZAUNMÜLLEROVÁ, Michaela
This master thesis is focused on educating physicians in mass casualty incidents. This paper aims to introduce the basics of mass casualty management, triage categories and tasks of the staff in mass casualty incidents. A questionnaire forms the research. Fifteen physicians working for Emergency Medical Services of South Bohemian Region responded to the questions about their theoretical knowledge about mass casualty management and their opinion about the quality of training courses at EMS of South Bohemian Region. There was a comparative analysis of theoretical knowledge and the real-life experience of the physicians at EMS of South Bohemian Region. The graphs with an evaluation of all the responses showed the results. This paper can make good use for further education on this topic at Emergency Preparedness Service of EMS of South Bohemian Region.
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Bronchial asthma in the practice of paramedic
ŠEBEST, Jakub
Astma bronchiale is a lifelong chronic respiratory illness which affects all the age categories of population. The aim of this final work is to obtain knowledge and to analyse paramedics´ approaches used during a diagnosis and providing prehospital urgent care to patients affected by this illness.The bachelor´s work is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of the respiratory system, process of breathing, diagnosis and treatment in prehospital urgent care.The research of this work was realized by using recorded interview with paramedics. The aim of this research is to show the reader more viewpoints to this issue and to outline the experience of paramedics with treatment of this illness. This research demostrates that paramedics get in contact with the asthma bronchiale several times in a month, they are familiar with this illness and they know methods of its treatment. The result of the work shows how difficult the diagnostics of this illness is. Differential diagnostics also points to broad-spectrum of illnesses. Eventually, we can also enroll a wrong feedback between emergency service and medical facility. Results of this work in the theoretical part help the reader to get objective information about this matters, diagnostics and treatment of this illness in prehospital urgent care. The main contribution of this work should also be the view to the methods, approaches and experiences of paramedics during the treatment of the asthma bronchiale in prehospital urgent care. The output of the bachelor´s work is a brief manual for paramedics showing how to proceed during diagnostics and treatment of the asthma bronchiale.
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Intoxication of poisonous gases in prehospital emergency care
ŘÍHA, Ondřej
Toxicology is a scientific discipline dealing with the influences of dangerous substances on living organisms. The negative effects of some substances have been known since the prehistoric times and the human race has had to face them until today. The impact of these substances on human organisms may be caused either deliberately (e. g. misuse of chemical substances during war conflicts) or unintentionally (e. g. intoxication by poisonous gases released from fire). The current knowledge of the field of toxicology enable to characterise the dangerous substances, to define their effective, toxic and lethal doses and concentrations and to give first aid to the people affected. The knowledge of the first aid procedure in case of intoxication of poisonous gases is crucial for the rescue of human life and moderation of the toxic effects. In connection to the universal first aid procedure, i. e. the patient's rescue out of the contaminated area and calling of the rescue service, the person affected has to receive an adequate immediate pre-hospital care. Based on these findings, procedures used in cases of intoxication in pre-hospital emergency care and emergency medicine are listed. The aim of the theoretical part of this diploma thesis is a comprehensive overview of current theoretical and professional knowledge in the field of chemistry, toxicology and emergency medicine. This knowledge is subsequently applied to the overall management of pre-hospital emergency care for patients intoxicated with toxic gases. The research part includes a retrospective statistical analysis of the number of cases of carbon monoxide intoxication in Vysocina Region, application of theoretical knowledge in the form of analyses of cases of intoxication and creation of a preventive programme with the help of a questionnaire survey which asked the public about their awareness of the risks and dangers of carbon monoxide. In addition, educational material was created. The thesis also tried to answer the research question "How serious is poisonous gas intoxication in pre-hospital emergency care and emergency medicine?" From the point of view of pre-hospital emergency care, the average daily death rate caused by poisonous gas intoxications in the Vysocina Region is four patients per year. When this number is compared with the total number of patients' deaths, it shows a less serious problem. The most common source of carbon monoxide poisoning turned out to be a gas appliance. The rescuers recorded the highest number of carbon monoxide detector activations in 2015. Informing the public in the form of a questionnaire survey has clearly shown that there is persisting confusion of carbon monoxide properties with carbon dioxide ones. This diploma thesis is aimed at specialists providing pre-hospital emergency care i. e. health rescue services and also fire rescue services for the purpose of statistical comparisons with other providers and subjects, or for educational purposes in the context of crisis preparedness. In addition, the work is recommended to the general public to ensure greater awareness of poisonous gas intoxications. This thesis brought a comprehensive overview of this issue which can be used for the purpose of informing, educating and creating the basis for further comparison.
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Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in pre-hospital emergency care for adults
KLINEROVÁ, Eliška
This bachelor thesis solves the problem of differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in pre-hospital emergency care for adults where abdominal pain includes a very wide range of possible causes and illnesses. If proper and rapid diagnosis is determined in pre-hospital emergency care, it will greatly facilitate and speed up subsequent treatment. The thesis consists of two parts, a theoretical and a research one. The theoretical deals with the concept of pain, the importance of physical examination, the carefulness of anamnesis and the differentiation of pain according to the localization (right and left upper quadrant, right and left lower quadrant), other possible causes and pharmacological therapy. The practical part was realized in a qualitative form using semi-structured questionnaires. The aim was to map the most common primary diagnoses of abdominal pain and follow-up procedures and investigative methods of emergency rescue workers in pre-hospital emergency care. The research was conducted in March and April 2018 with the health rescuers of the Vysočina Region. For clarity, the data obtained was divided into categories, processed into tables and further compared. Research has shown that the procedure for examining a patient with abdominal pain is not ideal, often neglected important information that needs to be identified as soon as possible from the onset of the problems and including their further development. Therefore, a possible algorithm for patient's abdominal pain assessment in pre-hospital inadequate care has been proposed for possible follow-up in practice, containing all the important information that needs to be found in PNP and then handed over to the target hospital facility.
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Readiness of the emergency medical service for treating patients contaminated by radiological agens
STREJČKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of my thesis was to find out the readiness of the South Bohemian Emergency Medical Service to deal with a potential extraordinary event of radiological nature. The content of the bachelor thesis is to analyze professional, material and technical readiness. The theoretical part deals with characteristics of integrated rescue system, exceptional events, ionising radiation and, last but not least, pre-hospital urgent care for irradiated persons. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis investigated the level of rediness of the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region both in professional and material and technical level. There were two hypotheses in the thesis, H1: "Medical rescuers have knowledge how to treat patients contaminated with radiological agens," and H2: "The emergency medical service has material equipment for the treatment of patients contaminated with radiological agents." In order to achieve defined goals and to verify hypotheses, a questionnaire was put together and a survey was carried out. A statistical investigation was made using descriptive and mathematical statistics. The questionnaire consisted of closed questions. It contained 11 informative questions, 9 questions focused on problematics of treating patients contaminated with radiological agens, and 4 questions focused on the material and technical equipment of the medical rescue service. Respondents' questions were addressed with 3-5 possible answers, only one of which was correct. Data was collected during March 2017. Respondents were members of medical staff of the South Bohemian Emergency Medical Service. Sixty anonymous questionnaires were distributed in the South Bohemian Region, more precisely in the territorial centre České Budějovice and the regional resorts Jindřichův Hradec, Český Krumlov and Tábor. Total of 42 respondents participated in the survey. The results of the survey show that the knowledge of paramedic in this area is below average. The arithmetic mean of knowledge was 5.79 points out of 9, for material and technical equipment it was 1.79 points out of 2. The results of the survey show that the goals of the thesis were fulfilled, one (it intended hypotheses H1: Medical rescuers have knowledge how to treat patients contaminated with radiological agens) hypotheses was rejected and one (it inteded hypotheses H2: The emergency medical service has material equipment for the treatment of patients contaminated with radiological agents) accepted. The benefit of the bachelor thesis is mainly the preparation of a basic comprehensive overview of the readiness and materiál and technical support of the South Bohemian Emergency Medical Service for the treatment of patients contaminated with radiological agents.
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Prehospital urgent care for patients with acute cerebral infarction indicated for thrombolytic therapy
VOKÁLKOVÁ, Martina
The topic of this bachelor thesis is prehospital emergency care for patients with acute cerebral infarction indicated for thrombolytic therapy. In the theoretical part of the thesis there are data about the actual occurrence of cerebral strokes, and there are defined terms such as medical rescue service, pre-hospital emergency care and stroke center. The following chapters describe the basic anatomy of the brain. Owing to the topic the largest part of the anatomy consists of vascular supply of the brain, which is related to the cause of cerebral vascular events. This thesis also involves the theme of cerebral vascular events, where the causes of the illness, the clinical picture and its basic distribution are described. There are also described diagnostic procedures in the following chapters. Due to the subject of the bachelor thesis, the most space is devoted to pre-hospital emergency care. Further chapters focus on how to place a patient to the appropriate healthcare facility and the follow-up treatment. The last chapters of the theoretical part mention the possible prevention of this disease. The practical part of the bachelor thesis was qualitative research. Structured managed interviews with medical rescuers of the Health Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region (ZZS JčK) and non-medical staff involved in the admission of patients to a complex cerebrovascular center ("KCC") were used for the research. There were drawn up two different interviews. The first interview was focused on mapping the knowledge of health rescuers about providing pre-hospital emergency care to patients with stroke. This interview also involved questions for the assessment of the cooperation between ZZS JčK and KCC in the Hospital České Budějovice from the point of view of medical rescuers. The second interview was drawn up for the non-medical staff of the KCC at the České Budějovice Hospital and was about the cooperation between ZZS JčK and KCC at the České Budějovice Hospital from the point of view of the KCC staff. The interviews were rewritten in the practical part and the answers were processed in tables. The research showed that ZZS JčK health rescuers have sufficient knowledge of vascular events. Furthermore, it was found, that the cooperation between ZZS JčK and KCC is evaluated by both sides positively. Research also showed that glycemia measurement is an important point of improvement for patient examination. Both variants of the interviews showed, that this value is not always measured and therefore, it can happen that a patient with hypoglycemia is brought to the KCC instead of a cesarean stroke.
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Prehospital emergency care in neurotraumas
KADLEC, Josef
The Bachelor thesis is focused on the topic of Prehospital emergency care in neurotraumas, especially on the approach of paramedics and their knowledge about Prehospital emergency care in neurotraumas. Globally, for children and adults to 45 aged, neurotrauma could be placed in the highest position of death causes. This statistic testifies about the importance of the professional and early intervention in prehospital emergency care. In the thesis qualitative research was used and two purposes and questions were defined. The method used was a semi-structured interview with paramedics in Vysočina Region and South Bohemian Region. The first aim of the thesis was to chart knowledge and approaches of paramedics in Prehospital emergency care and the second aim was comparison of the previous aim in Regions mentioned above. From the outcome of my research results that paramedics are not qualified enough and they lack information about Prehospital emergency care. In interviews, information mentioned was incomplete and their approaches were inconclusive. However, it was detected that approaches used in both regions are nearly identical. In Vysočina Region, cooperation with workplaces of the follow-up hospital care is really difficult. This fact could be considered as a side result of the thesis. The workplaces mentioned are mainly traumacentres with neurosurgery workplace accessible 24 hours per day. To sum it up for the further use in practice, the educational system of paramedics is inadequate and improvement would be highly recommended.
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