|
| |
|
|
Use of the conceptual model by Calliste Roy in the evaluation of needs of the generation 50+
HOTAŘOVÁ, Zdeňka
The conceptual models in nursing care provide healthcare workers with a comprehensive philosophical-theoretical framework for provision of care to both healthy and ill individuals. They also contribute to develop nursing as a self-standing scientific discipline, supply a common language, an opportunity to make communication more efficient, to improve the provided care, they constitute a tool to evaluate the intervention results and last but not least, they support the education and the development of practice. The Calliste Roy's model, developed in the 1970s already and called "Adaptation model", understands the human as a holistic being that is in permanent interaction with the internal and external environment. According to the Roy's model, nursing is aimed at influencing the individuals' health in health, but also in illness, and at achieving their efficient adaptive behaviour. Our goal consisted in finding out the particularities of nursing care in clinical and community practice in the 50+ generation, under application of Calliste Roy's Adaptation model. Six hypotheses were formulated in collection with the set goal. Quantitative investigation under use of a non-standardized questionnaire was performed in order to get the data needed for processing of the research part of the work. The results of the investigation allowed confirming five out of the six hypotheses set. It was proved that with increasing age, 50+ people experience serious changes at 26 of the changes under evaluation. However, it was not confirmed that the life changes of the 50+ generation directly depend on gender, as no statistically significant connection between all changes tested and the gender was proved. It further applies that with increasing age, the percentage of individuals assessing the attitude to changes as negative rises significantly. It was also found out that the attitude of men towards changes is significantly more positive than the women's attitude. With increasing age, it is more and more difficult for the respondents to adapt to changes in their lives. However, men state significantly more often to be able to adapt to changes without difficulties, while women state difficulties significantly more often. A recommendation for practice consists in applying Calliste Roy's Adaptation model not only to assess the needs of the 50+ generation, but primarily in applying modified nursing case history in practice to support comprehensive assessment of the patient/client. The work brings stimuli for further research investigations, among other things.
|
|
|
Physiotherapeutic intervention for seniors
KUBÁTOVÁ, Adéla
The topic of my bachelor thesis is physiotherapeutic intervention for seniors. In addition to physiological changes, old age accompanied by disease that can cause decrease of physical ability and self-sufficiency. At the same time, a sedentary lifestyle without regular physical activity is common. Physiotherapy is an option to improve the functional state of musculoskeletal system and thereby to increase of self-sufficiency and quality of life. The theoretical part describes the physiological, psychological and social changes that occur during human aging. There are also mentioned some geriatric syndromes, which are related to the musculoskeletal system and they are significant from physiotherapy point of view. Next chapter deals with the importance of physiotherapy for the elderly and about the specificity of kinesiotherapy, manipulation treatment and physical therapy with the elderly. The last part describes suitable physical activities that can be used by these people. The research part of the thesis is elaborated in the form of qualitative and quantitative research. The research included the collection of anamnesis, kinesiology analysis, foot examination, examination of static stability and specific tests of walk. The research involved 10 probands living in the retirement home and 10 probands living at home and their results were subsequently compared. Questionnaire about physiotherapy awareness for interest and obtaining an overview was presented to all probands, so no hypotheses were set in the thesis. On the basis of examination and willingness to undergo therapy, six probands were selected and subjected to treatment for 3 months. Therapy was attended by 3 women from retirement home and 2 women and 1 man living at home. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to provide information about the possibilities of physiotherapy for the elderly with the aim of improving the parameters of walking and maintaining the functional state of the musculoskeletal system. Therapy was focused on stimulation and activation of the feet muscles and supporting the movement of the joints of the lower limbs. Results of foot examination, static stability, and tests of walk were better for elderly living at home than for living in retirement home. After therapy, gait parameters were improved in case of all six probands and the effect of therapy was assessed as favorable by proband. Thanks to therapy, there has also been improved standing stability. The questionnaire survey showed that physiotherapy awareness was comparable for both groups of probands. This work can be used by physiotherapists and other health workers in retirement homes, in hospitals, rehabilitation and similar institutions for increase of awareness.
|
|
|
Social work in Residential Senior Care
PRÁŠKOVÁ, Marie
The bachelor thesis deals with the possibility to use elements of palliative care in elderly citizens with dementia in conditions of social services. It describes issues of ageing and changes connected with this period of human life. Mainly it deals with dementia and its impacts on a senior´s life. It also presents the approach of palliative care aiming for the quality of life in the final stage of life. The work examines the possibility of accompanying seniors with dementia through the use of elements of palliative care in residential care facilities. It points out that it is suitable to employ these elements in care of the elderly with dementia despite the fact that these facilities do not provide optimal conditions for introduction of palliative care. The possibility of choosing and employing of palliative care elements in elderly citizens with dementia is illustrated with the service of the Special Needs Nursing Home in Břevnice. The practice of the above mentioned facility is compared with selected aspects of the Palliative Care Standards published by The Czech Association of palliative care.
|
|
|
Senior citizens in residential institutions in Austria: Own perception of needs
KŘIŽKOVÁ, Petra
The thesis deals with subjective perception of needs of clients in residential institutions in Austria. The overview part describes important concepts of old age and the issues and the process of aging, further it describes ways of adaptation to old age, forms of activisation of seniors and the topic of human needs of elderly people. Theoretical basis of the work is typology of needs by A. Maslow and M. Max-Neef. The overview part is followed by qualitative research that is looking to find an aswer to the research question: What is the subjective perception of needs by elderly people living in residential care.
|
|
|
Current Problems of Generation 70+ Living in Small Village.
SAROVÁ, Klára
The goal of this thesis is to find out how elderly people live their lives in village, how are their intergenerational relationships with family, friends, but also in which way they spend their leisure time, how they take care of themselves and which social services they use. Theoretical part introduces readers to concepts like old age, aging, periodization of old age, the question of housing and intergenerational cohabitation. Empiric part focuses on seniors older than 70 years living in small village. They have been defined two research questions. How seniors of age 70+ live in small village in home environment? With which problems are seniors struggling in selected parts of life? These established questions helped me to achieve the goal. To achieve established research goal, the questioning method has been used within qualitative strategy. Semi-structured interview has been based on pre-prepared questions, which could be extended. Research group consisted of 4 seniors in the same ratio of women to men. For purpose of research they have to meet 2 criteria; age and residence in home environment in small village. Research group has been selected based on purposeful selection and took place in the village in the district of Plzeň-jih. From the research results emerged satisfaction of seniors with living in village. Seniors do not feel deprived by in material or spiritual area. They are aware of knowing that some things, which they feel sorry about or they perceive as a problem, they could influence to a large extent by their own activity. They realize, that there is always some way. From the research emerged a fact, that some social services could be more suited for seniors in the village, for example in transportation. Each one could turn to family for help, but half of them are independent and they organize many things even in their advanced age. This should be considered in their age as admirable. We could ascribe it to improvement of lifestyle and also to their better social position in the society, when seniors are no more set aside to the edge of society and excluded. Content of this bachelor thesis could be especially benefit for social workers, who pursue this area. It could interest even the general public including nurses, workers in social services, families caring for their parents etc. It could serve for those, who are interested in problematic of seniors and do not know the rural environment.
|
|
|
Specifics of Care for the Elderly
MIKUDOVÁ, Dita
This bachelor thesis called Specifics of Care for the Elderly is focused on the elderly and their status in contemporary society, the possibilities which the elderly have at present, effective attitude to them and communication with the elderly. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part has six chapters. The first chapter deals with terms like gerontology and geriatrics, it describes process of growing old and the term called age, its division and displays of age. This chapter also defines the term like the elderly, their needs and demography of age in the way as specialists perceive and describe them. The second chapter concentrates on social politics, its division and speaks about welfare services intended for the elderly. The third chapter specifies elderly care benefit and conditions for meeting the requirements to getting this benefit, dependence degrees, amount of benefit for age group older than eighteen years. It also gives and information about who is beneficiary, the process of paying out the benefit and the proceedings about the claim to the benefit. The fourth chapter is focused on the term of communication, it defines social communication, non-verbal and verbal communication. The chapter also deals with communication principles with the elderly including pensioners with hearing or visual impairment. There are described mistakes and obstacles which may appear in communication. The fifth chapter looks into leisure time and its functions; it defines the leisure time of the elderly including preparation for old age. The sixth chapter speaks about medical assessment service, the disability and its appraisal. In the empirical part there is determined the goal of this thesis which should lead to finding out how social system works with the elderly, how the elderly are secured by the state and if there is satisfactory number of welfare centres intended for the elderly. The thesis is also aimed at life quality of the elderly in home environment and in homefortheelderly as well as at self-sufficiency in chosen group of the elderly. There were established three research questions which came out from the research goal. The first question should reveal the status of the elderly in contemporary society and if they may influence it on their own. The second question asked for the place where the individuals want to live. The third research question focused on sufficiency of respondents. For meeting the target it was selected the qualitative strategy. It was used method of questioning with the half-structured interviews technique. The interviews were answered by eight seniors, specifically by seven women and one man. The research brought expected as well as unexpected findings. Example given the surprising result was high awareness of welfare centres owing to the fact welfare centres do not make self-presentation so much. The second astonishing thing lay in the majority of the elderly wants to build up new spaces intended for welfare services. The research also confirmed my personal expectation which is opinion of respondents that status of the elderly in contemporary society is not favourable.
|
|
|
Transformation of adult children's relationships to their mother suffering from dementia
PECNOVÁ, Iveta
The relationship between mother and child is significantly influenced by the development of the personality of the two participants. In the event that the mother suffers dementia that changes her personality, her decline can be assumed to be accompanied by a transformation in interfamilial relationships. This baccalaureate thesis presents the specific life situations of two generations connected by a maternal bond. Attention is first focused on the sick mother, whose illness is detailed in the theoretical portion of the paper. The research also focuses on the family and the experiences of its members. The children gradually adapt to their roles of caregivers while coping with many difficulties and their own suffering. The practical part of the paper examines how the relationship is experienced from the point of view of the adult child. The chosen qualitative study method maps the experiences of children and their mother's transformation. The group being studied consists of eight participants, whose mothers are hospitalized in a gerontopsychiatric unit due to the advanced stage of their disease. The data was gathered through unstructured interviews and then analyzed using the "case card" method. An analysis of the testimonies of daughters and sons of seriously ill women made it possible to describe how the children's roles changed in the relationship and how they perceived their mothers' illnesses. The children notice that the mutational emotional relationship changed as a result of the onset of their mothers' dementia. The results also show that children experienced strong feelings of guilt about their mothers' situations.
|
|
|
Leisure time activities in the Home for Elderly Tachov, Panenská
SLÁMOVÁ, Kamila
The aim of this bachelor thesis called "Leisure activities for Panenská nursing home in Tachov" is to map the satisfaction of the house's clients with the leisure activities provided by the nursing home. This thesis comprises of two parts - theoretical and research. The theoretical part copes with the ageing problematics, with the needs of old people, their leisure time and leisure activities and certain acquisition programs. This thesis aims generally on the problematics with the focus on nursing homes, especially Panenská nursing home in Tachov. The main method is the qualitative research. The target, methodology and schedule are further described in the thesis. The used methods of qualitative research is the interviewing with semi-structured interviews. The interviews were held with the clients of Panenská nursing home in Tachov. The research data files has been chosen by the intentional quoting choice. As a secondary method, the framework data analysis technique, word-for-word transcription and the cluster-creating method has been chosen. The research has shown that the clients are satisfied with the leisure activities provided by the nursing home but they would like to introduce several new activities -handcrafting and creative writing especially. The extension of the scale of the activities would lead to the fulfilment of the needs of the clients and furthermore to more effective use of their leisure time. All the above mentioned information are possible to further use as an information source about the leisure activities in Panenská nursing home in Tachov. This bachelor thesis will be used as a feedback for the mentioned nursing home. It might help not just to improved the function of the nursing home but to greater satisfaction of its clients as well.
|
|
|
The meaning of life of high school students
NAGYOVÁ, Andrea
The work has a theoreticalempirical character. The theoretical part is based on the scientific literature processed evidence relating to the issue of the meaning of life, especially of philosophical and psychological perspective. The aim of the empirical part was to find out how high school youth looks on selected themesdeath, old age, freedom, personal goals, inner satisfaction, views of the world and society, love, the future and what is their purpose in life. The questionnaire survey was conducted among secondary school students.
|
guest ::
