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Nursing process for client Stenosis of the internal carotid artery
Duštírová, Monika ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Ivana (referee)
Tématem bakalářské práce "Ošetřovatelský proces u klienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna" přibližuji problematiku a specifika pooperační péče u pacientů s touto diagnózou. Zúžení krční tepny na podkladě vytvoření aterosklerotického plátu je nejčastější příčinou cévní mozkové příhody. Nedostatečné prokrvení některých částí mozku může způsobit jeho poškození a vést k nezvratným změnám. Odstranění zúžení krční tepny patří k nejčastěji prováděným cévním operacím, v ČR je ročně odoperováno přibližně 1500 pacientů. V teoretické části mé závěrečné práce se zaměřuji na anatomii a fyziologii cévního řečiště mozku a tepenného systému. Zabývám se zde zúžením krční tepny, včasnou diagnostikou a bezpečnou léčbou, především chirurgickou. Podklady pro vypracování práce jsem získala vyhledáváním v databázích NLK, PubMed, Embase, Medvik a CINAHL apod. Dále jsem čerpala z internetových zdrojů profesních organizací a společností zabývající se touto problematikou. Zahrnuta byla i doporučení profesních organizací jako je ESVS - European Society for Vascular Surgery, SVN - Society of Vascular Nursing. METODIKA: Pro vypracování bakalářské práce jsem zvolila případovou studii pacienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna po chirurgickém operačním výkonu endarterektomii. Informace k vypracování bakalářské práce byly...
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The most frequent nursing diagnoses in senior homes and the possibilities of their solutions.
PĚCHOTOVÁ, Blanka
The objectives of the thesis The objective of the thesis was to map out the most frequent nursing diagnoses used in homes for the elderly and nursing interventions for these diagnoses. The following research questions were chosen for mapping: What are the most common nursing diagnoses of clients in the selected nursing homes? What are the intervention for the most common nursing diagnoses? The methods used For gaining information, qualitative research by the interviewing method using non-standardized in-depth interviews was used. The research was conducted in February 2014 in the G - center in Tábor, a home for the elderly. Interviews were recorded in a notebook and then transcribed. When processing the results, encoding methods for searching for the most common phrases were used, on the basis of which categories and their subcategories were created, summarized in diagrams. The research sample The research sample consisted of 10 nurses from the home for the elderly in the range of 43-57 years, employed as nurses and ward sisters. The interviews were preceded by familiarizing the nurses with the topic of thesis and research purposes, and written consent of the Director of the facility. Results After analyzing the data from the processed interviews, 8 categories were created: The nursing process, using the nursing process, the nursing process in practice, the phases of the nursing process, nursing diagnoses, interventions, documentation of nursing care and care provided. Subcategories were assigned to the individual categories, in which phrases are encoded, and everything is shown in clear diagrams. The interviews revealed that the nurses are aware of the method of the nursing process, which was most often characterized as meeting the needs of the client. This method is used in everyday practice. The evaluation was based on the positives and negatives of this method for both nurses and clients. Conclusion The aim of modern nursing is the high quality of the care provided and the client's active participation in it. It is expressed in the final phase by the satisfaction of their needs with respect to the individual's quality of life, leading to maintaining health and alleviating physical and mental pain. The practical outcome of the Bachelor thesis is a pamphlet of the most common nursing diagnoses and their interventions in a home for the elderly, G center, Tábor.
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The most common nursing diagnoses and interventions in physiological newborn baby
LAPÁČKOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis is focused on the most frequent nursing diagnoses and interventions in physiological newborn. First aim was to map the most frequent nursing diagnoses at physiological newborn ward in hospital Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. Two hypotheses were proposed. H1: The most frequent nursing diagnosis in physiological newborn is ineffective breast-feeding. H2: Nursing diagnoses in physiological newborn will differ in connection to the type of delivery. The second aim was to learn how the nurses and midwives decide on nursing diagnoses, aims and interventions. The research question posed for this aim was: How are nursing diagnoses, aims and nursing interventions decided in physiological newborns? A combination of qualitative and quantitative research was used in order to obtain quality data. Its collection was conducted through nursing documentation analysis and in-depth half-structured interviews. This research was conducted in March 2015 at Physiological newborn ward at hospital Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. The interviews were analysed by open coding using pen and paper method. Individual codes were collected into subcategories and then categories.The first research group comprised of 5 paediatric nurses and 1 midwife working at the physiological newborn ward of České Budějovice hospital aged 26 to 46. The second research group consisted of 107 physiological infants born either naturally or by caesarean section. The answers of the respondents show their general knowledge about nursing diagnosis but also about some shortcomings in their de termination. Insufficient knowledge was found regarding stating aims and interventions due to the midwives and nurses trusting predefined nursing diagnoses, aims and interventions most often used at the ward and usually choose from them. Nursing diagnoses were also found the same for infants born to first-time mothers and multigravidas and the generally most frequent diagnosis is ineffective breast-feeding. Obtained results can serve as basis for simplification of working with nursing diagnoses and preventing making mistakes in the determination. Considering the insufficiencies in determination of nursing diagnoses, aims and interventions found in the nurses and midwives, we suggest they use this work as model basis. The research results also show that the most frequent nursing diagnosis is ineffective breast-feeding. A form for expecting mothers, that can simultaneously function as educational material was created as a response to the results. We hope this form will enable easier determination of nursing diagnoses and interventions.
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Sleep disorder as a nursing diagnosis
HANZALOVÁ, Erika
This bachelor's work deals with somnipathy as a nursing diagnosis. This topic has been current problem for many hospitalized patients. This bachelor's work is divided into the following two parts: theoretical part and empiric part. The theoretical part deals with sleep as such, specifying its phases, factors affecting sleep, identifies individual sleep disorders, sleep diagnosis and its therapy, which is divided to the following two: pharmacological and non-pharmacological. As last but not least the theoretical part deals with nursing process and its phases with regard to a patient who was diagnosed nursing somnipathy. In the empiric part the following goal has been set. The aim has been to find out specific items of nursing within the scope of nursing somnipathy diagnosis with patients. The following two research questions have been set meeting the goal: 1. What are the specific things of nursing care within nursing diagnosis of somnipathy with patients? 2. What are sleeping troubles solved by nurses who are the integral part of our research group? For the purpose of elaboration of the empiric part of the work it was the qualitative examination that was used. Data acquisition was performed by semi-structured interviews. Standard questions were expanded when necessary by using supplemental questions. The research itself took place in Neurological and Gynecological-Maternity Ward of the Hospital of the City of České Budějovice, The chief nurse of the aforementioned hospital was approached beforehand and asked for permission. Both workplaces were submitted both prepared intended topics and questions for their consideration, the whole group of respondents consisted of 12 respondents of which there were 6 nurses working in Neurological and Gynecological-Maternity Ward of the Hospital of the City of České Budějovice and 6 patients hospitalized in the ward. S far as the patients are concerned it is important to mention that these patients were diagnosed nursing somnipathy and of course the nurses were those who diagnosed the somnipathy. In the very beginning of interviewing all respondents were informed about the purpose of the research and assured that everything in connection with the research was anonymous and all pieces of information gained should be used only for this bachelor's work. At the same time i.e. at the very beginning all respondents were informed about the purpose and basis of the research examinations to be carried out. To types of interviews were applied one for nurses and the other for patients. The results achieved in these research examinations are compared with the same or similar results published in professional literature and of course discussed. The results can be summarized as follows. The nurses for their patients perform the following measures taken to improve quality of sleep for their patients: airing the patient's rooms, making their beds, keeping their eyes on observing night silence and assistance with evening hygiene. Majority of the patients interviewed were informed about the measures to be taken for improving the quality of sleep and they showed positive attitude resulting in positive effect. All of the interviewed were satisfied with nursing care provided in last two days. Moreover the tables in the case reports show that the nurses were solving the following problem regarding the patients sleep: the problem arising from falling asleep and frequent waking up during the night. The knowledge that I have gained by elaborating this bachelor's work I will do my best to make use of it in my future work as a nurse. The results can be used by students as a basis for elaborating their works and higher level of nurse information regarding the problems of somnipathy of the hospitalized patients. Furthermore the results may be used as a feedback for the hospital itself in which the research work has been performed.
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Nursing diagnosis in current experience
MÍKOVÁ, Lucie
Title of the thesis is Nursing diagnosis in current practice. Objective of this thesis was to find what nursing diagnosis is determined on a standard department nurses most often, and determine the specifics of work with nursing diagnoses from the position of head nurses of a particular department. Nursing diagnosis is the name of the patient's needs, which are diseases violated.
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Family - a partner in nursing care
ROHREROVÁ, Veronika
Abstract A family is a unique and irreplaceable institution. Illness makes a person temporarily socially unfit and affects not only the sick member but the whole family. The clients in this difficult situation usually look for help and support in their immediate family members and their reactions and advice are of great importance to the clients´ decision-making and behaviour. Experience has shown that the role of family in care for sick members cannot be replaced by any institution. On the contrary, if the client and the family become active participants in the medical and nursing process the positive stabilization of health condition is much faster and more efficient. Quantitative research through a structured interview based on a scenario prepared in advance was selected for the thesis. The objective of the thesis entitled ``Family {--} partner in the nursing process{\crqq} was to determine the function of families in the nursing process in clients hospitalized in a medical facility and to find out if the family is motivated by nurses to participate in the nursing process. The last objective was to find out the reasons for families for not being involved in the nursing process. Three research questions were formulated. The first research question is to determine the function of a family in the nursing process. The second research question is supposed to find out what are the differences in the role of a family in the nursing process in clients of individual age categories. The third research question is to determine whether the family is involved in the nursing process. This topic was chosen because cooperation of nurses and other medical workers with the client´s family is of great importance and is often irreplaceable. Nowadays, cooperation and communication with the client´s family is often neglected for time or personnel reasons. This is a pity, because if the family is correctly involved in the nursing process its involvement has a positive effect on the patient´s treatment and it represents a great emotional support in this difficult life situation. The research results show that family members are not encouraged by the nurses to participate in the nursing process. The family members do not participate in the nursing process mainly because of lack of time. But if it is necessary they are willing to engage in any activity that the client´s condition would require. The main difference I find in the roles of family in the nursing process in clients of individual age categories is in the need of support and assistance. Clients of pre-school and school age and retired clients need and receive support and assistance in day-to-day activities from their families. Whereas clients of productive age are not ready to accept support and assistance from their families, they prefer to provide it. The research results show that it is necessary to involve family members more in the nursing care for their immediate family member and to actively seek their cooperation.
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Nursing care of a patient after general anesthesia.
SOJKOVÁ, Kateřina
The Bachelor Thesis provides a lot of information on the general anaesthesia, presents different aspects of the nursing care including the most frequent diagnoses, mentions the most common complications which patients after the general anaesthesia suffer from, and the extent of knowledge the nurses have on complications which occur during the recovery after the general anaesthesia. It is mainly the basic knowledge of nurses concerning the complications after GA which helps to make proper nursing diagnosis, set the aims and decide on interventions in the process of nursing care for the patient after GA. Results of the research work are useful for making the nursing care standard concerning the patient after GA. This standard can serve as a brief and well-arranged manual in the process of nursing and can provide the patient with comfort and security which are necessary aspects of the quality nursing care after the general anaesthesia.
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Analysis and inovation selected nursing documentation used in the workplace intenzive medicine
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Radmila
The thesis topic: ?Analysis and Innovations of Selected Nursing Documentation Used in Intensive Care? was chosen deliberately for its topicality. Documentation is an important and integral part of treatment of patients. It is very important that nursing documentation suit nurses who work with it. Data should be clear and their recording easy and convenient for nurses. Duly managed nursing documentation should be beneficial for physicians as well. For the research, the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava was chosen. The thesis contained six defined objectives that have been met and resulting 6 research questions. Qualitative research was carried out in 3 stages. One research group consisted of nurses at the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava, the other research group consisted of doctors at the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava. In the first stage, an analysis of nursing documentation used at the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava was carried out and, subsequently, interviews with the nurses and doctors from this department were conducted. In the second phase, innovations of nursing documentation were made and the documentation was put into practice. The final stage of the thesis consisted of interviews with the same questions for the doctors and nurses at the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava, in which opinions of the nurses and doctors on the innovated documentation and its application in practice were surveyed. The objective was to analyze the existing nursing documentation, to innovate it on the basis of the interview results, to implement it, and then to find out whether it could be used in practice. Based on the interviews conducted, we found out that nurses do not like the nursing diagnoses and also record sheets, which are common for doctors and nurses, used their department. Based on these results, innovation of the nursing diagnoses was made and, at the same time, the department made an innovation of the recording sheet, and medical and nursing documentation was separated. After the documentation was introduced into practice, we interviewed the nurses and doctors again to find out whether the innovated documentation was better and whether it could be improved more. We found out that the documentation was better, more suitable for the respondents. The innovated documentation can be used in practice and is currently so at the anaesthetic resuscitation department in Jihlava.
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Problematics of nursing care about women with extrauterine pregnancy
ŽÁKOVÁ, Markéta
Problematics of nursing care about women with extrauterine pregnancy This work is concerned with the problems of nursing care for women with extrauterine (ectopic) pregnancy. The section on theory provides a brief summary of female sex organ anatomy and physiology, ectopic pregnancies, their types, symptoms, diagnostics, and therapy. The subsequent section deals with the psychology of women. The following chapter deals with patient needs, and communication, while the last section is about the process of providing nursing care to women with ectopic pregnancy. The objective of this contribution was to define the priorities in biopsychosocial needs of women with ectopic pregnancy. Four research questions have been specified. These research questions were used to find the priorities of women who experienced ectopic pregnancy in terms of their biopsychosocial needs, and how these needs were met as part of the nursing care provided to them. An answer was also sought to the question whether the nursing care plan answers the priorities in biopsychosocial needs of the clients and what nursing problem (a nursing diagnosis) is most common in these women. The work employed quality research, in the form of non-standardized interviews with the patients. An analysis of the written documents was then carried out. These documents included both medical and nursing documentation. The information collected in the interviews and analysis of written documents was subsequently analysed in the form of case histories. An analysis of nursing documentation was carried out, and its results were compared with the priorities in the biopsychosocial needs of the clients. The research sample consisted of five women in reproductive age admitted to the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetric with the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. All interviews with the patients were held before their discharge to home care. It was found that patients with ectopic pregnancy regard the satisfaction of their needs in the area of psychology as their priority. Another finding was that these needs were satisfied only marginally and insufficiently as part of the nursing care. The nursing care plan does not correspond to the priorities in biopsychosocial needs of the clients and the most common nursing diagnosis that should be made is anticipator grieving. The present work may serve as a guide for midwifes whom it should enable to provide nursing care that results in full satisfaction of the needs regarded by women with ectopic pregnancy as their priority.
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