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Public awareness raising in relation to assessing the evidence and circumstances of the crime situation scam.
MICHAL, Petr
There has been a significant societal change in the early nineties in the Czech Republic which has brought many new phenomena. The increase in crime was one of the events to which modern society was not ready. Development of post-Communist society has been uneven in all aspects. The legislative process in an emerging democratic state system was poor. As a result, a specific group of people took advantage from this situation. They have exploited loopholes in existing legislation to commit a crime. This group of offenders, in search of easy profits, then committed crimes and fraud. This thesis deals with fraud as one of the statistically most spread offenses. Law enforcement and criminal proceedings document the notification of victims when deciding the case as far as possible, which allows them existing legislation. Until the last final court decision, none of the parties is certain about the outcome of proceedings. Bachelor thesis on public awareness regarding the circumstances of committing fraud conducted a survey of respondents in the age group between 30-40 years.
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Ethical Aspects of the Death Penalty
ŠPLÍCHALOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis deals with the death penalty. At the beginning are mentioned the general theory of punishment and the function of punishment. The next chapter outlines the historical development of the death penalty to the present. The third chapter is devoted to past and present techniques for the death penalty. The important role enact individual international documents conditioning the right to life and the possibility of the death penalty. Also are mentioned the arguments for and against the dea
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Progress and structure of motor vehicle accident frequency in the region of Prachatice caused by alcohol abuse
VEBER, Luděk
The thesis focuses on the rate of road accidents resulting from alcohol abuse in the district of Prachatice in the period from 1996 to 2006. The objective of the thesis is to analyse available police statistical data of the Police Presidium of the Czech Republic, as well as the South Bohemian Regional Police Directorate, the Regional Department for External Service, and the Road Traffic Inspectorate in Prachatice. The initial part of the thesis defines the characteristics of alcohol, its metabolism in the human body and its subsequent degradation and elimination. Furthermore, it provides a description of alcohol dependence and the impacts on health arising from excessive alcohol consumption. When driving a motor or non-motor vehicle under the influence of alcoholic beverages, the driver commits an unlawful action. The thesis reviews current legislation associated with driving vehicles under the influence of alcoholic beverages. Based on processed statistical data, an analysis of the development of the rate of road accidents caused by alcohol abuse in the period 1996 {--} 2006 was made, as well as an analysis of the structure of road accidents resulting from alcohol abuse in the same period according to the age of the offenders, accident types, and criminal prosecution. The ascertained statistical data served as a basis for diagrams and tables used for further comparison. In total, the thesis contains 22 diagrams and the same number of tables. Whereas the statistical data gathered in this manner were deployed as basic data for an analysis of the road accident rate in the district of Prachatice in the period from 1996 to 2006. One of the main issues examined by the thesis is the unsatisfactory and the socially dangerous conduct of motor vehicle drivers who drive their vehicles under the influence of alcoholic beverage and thereby, pose an imminent threat to the lives and health of other road traffic participants.
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Juvenile crime developmental tendencies in Klatovy district
DUSPIVOVÁ, Jana
My thesis deals with the very complicated topic of juvenile crime. The circumstances that result in socially pathological phenomenons and crime are now-days relatively easy to happen. The questions of juvenile crime are more frequently discussed not only by the scientists but also by the general public. The goal of my thesis is to outline the problems of the juvenile crime development in the district Klatovy and to use the acquired information in crime prevention and to focus the care on difficult individuals. In the theoretical part, the thesis presents the development of juvenile crime in the Czech Republic and factors that shape and influence it. The practical part of my thesis describes the performed research that is a type of quantitative research from the sociological point of view. The method of questioning, the method of data secondary analysis and the method of model casuistics were used. The targeted group is represented by children and adolescents living in the district Klatovy. The respondents´ principal residence in Klatovy district and the age under 18 are the main criteria of categorization. All respondents were chosen with the method of random stratification. The research was held from January to March of the year 2009. Following hypothesis were determined: Hypothesis 1: The rate of juvenile crime is higher in towns than in villages. Hypothesis 2: Socially pathological features are side-effects of the juvenile crime. Hypothesis 3: Child crime in the district Klatovy is ascending in comparison to adolescent crime in the district Klatovy. I believe that all three hypotheses were confirmed. Based on the OSPOD (Department for juvenile care) reports we can assume that there is na increase in educational problems and subsequently the crime is gradually increasing. If we consider the crime committed by children in the district Klatovy from 2004 to 2008, we find that the year 2007 is a year with the lowest crime rate monitored. We are witnessing the gradually decreasing development trend. Lately, the total development of child crime has been slightly increasing and adolescent crime slowly decreasing.
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Crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District.
BLÁHOVÁ, Václava
This dissertation looks at crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District. The theoretical section gives a concise appraisal of Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on Juvenile Justice, as well as the internal and external factors potentially influencing the socially pathological behaviour of young people. The study examines current patterns of youth criminality in the Czech Republic and developing trends connected with the issue over recent years, which it then briefly compares to the wider EU experience. The possibilities for intervention work by government departments dealing with education, the police and the justice system with young people at risk is studied in the subsequent chapter. The overall aim of the dissertation is to map the occurrence of predominantly minor offences and juvenile delinquency at basic schools in the Klatovy District in terms of gender, as I suspect that this indicator will feature strongly in the structure of socially pathological youth behaviour. Research was used to determine young people{\crq}s awareness regarding liability for their actions, and what kinds of offences or delinquent activities they most frequently perpetrate. An anonymous questionnaire with 32 closed, half-open and open format questions was used to collect data, and was presented to 303 respondents in years 7, 8 and 9 at five different basic schools. Of the total number of students, 49% were female and 51% male. Schools were deliberately chosen to fulfil the task set by the dissertation, i.e. the question of gender was a primary concern. The aim of the questionnaire was to find out what kinds of socially pathological activities are perpetrated by youths at basic school, and based on the subsequent findings, to decide whether current intervention work with young people at risk in the Klatovy District is sufficient. The research itself corresponds in several areas with data available from the Youth Crime Prevention Officer. In particular, it confirms that delinquency often involves driving motor vehicles without driving licences and the consumption of alcohol. The survey investigation demonstrated young people{\crq}s ignorance of the various age thresholds of criminal liability for their actions, the ascendancy of petty theft, aggression towards classmates and the consumption of illegal drugs. The research points to the conclusion that intervention and work with these groups of young people at risk in the Klatovy District, in terms of preventing illegal drug use and therapy, is insufficient, which similarly applies to the prevention of petty theft, consumption of alcohol, bullying and driving without a valid licence. The elimination of such pathological behaviour will only be successful provided that closer contact is established between school students and prevention workers (school psychologists, counsellors, etc.), as well as other potential organisations, such as the Czech Police, anti-drug co-ordinators and social workers.
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Chosen Charactreristics of Children from Children´s Homes
POLÁČKOVÁ, Lucie
This final year thesis focuses on problems of children growing up in children´s homes. In the theoretical part it deals with definition of the term children´s home and children´s home with school, reasons for placing child in children´s home, purpose and function of family and children´s home. The thesis characterizes family background a child came from to children´s home, it describes deprivation syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A part of the thesis addresses Romany children growing up in children´s home and the relation between childhood spent in children´s home and crime committed in adulthood. The last chapter refers to some difficulties of young people leaving institutional upbringing. The practical part contains comparison of composition of children from three chosen institutions (two state and one non-state) Children´s Home with School Horní Planá, Children´s Home Aš and Private Children´s Home Koryto. They are compared especially in spheres described in the theoretical part. Concurrently I obtained basic information about particular children´s homes from senior executive. Also I monitored carers opinions of institutional upbringing and of children´s state of preparation for independent life after leaving children´s home and their attitudes to upbringing children.
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Drug Abuse and Crime of Youngsters
BRÁZDOVÁ, Pavla
Nowadays this pathological phenomenon is widely spread. Despite the tendencies of repressing it, drug abuse is presented in the society, youngers including. Crime appears in association with drug abuse. The youngters undergo many significant changes connected with the age and they do not always cope with it successfully. They are predisposed to admitting a risky way of life and so they can become drug addicted quite easily. This work informs readers about the most common drugs used by the younsters, brings the characteristics of the drugs and the adolescents as a specific group together with the imminent danger and refers to kinds of drug crime as well as to its prevention. The aim of the work is to clarify the causes of the crime done by the younsters who use intoxicants and psychotropics. The author focused on family background of the young people, the kinds of drugs they use and their personal lives. All the findings were interpreted on the basis of similar features. A qualitative method, based on expert opinion of fifteen people observed, was used. In this particular case, the method was focused mainly on the family life, e.i. the background the child comes from. It resulted into the hypothesis that the young people come from one-parent or problem families where parent/s do not manage the upbringing sufficiently. The next part was centred on the criminal acts especially their kinds which are linked to the drug abuse. Followed from conclusion there are two main kinds of crime. Firstly keeping and producing drugs and secondly property crime the purpose of which is to raise money on drugs. As for the private lives of the young people, several interesting facts have resulted from the survey. The most important and surprising one is that the young drug users, who commit crime, cannot preserve long-term partner and labour relations.
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Victim with hurt of health
DUŠÁKOVÁ, Lucie
In the penal code, the legal regulations related to the protection of personality rights applying to the life and health protection are the most relevant. Life and health are values of extraordinary importance and therefore both intentional and unintentional crimes are punishable. The thesis is concerned about crime victims who sustained bodily harm and the possibilities to set up a claim to win compensation. In it, the classification of crime victims from various aspects is given and the current problems from the victim´s point of view are surveyed. The victim´s adequate status in the justice system and the penal code is also treated. The issue of crime prevention is dealt with, and tactics how to avoid the role of a victim and how to reduce risks by implementing preventive measures are described. The thesis is a quantitative analysis of judicial records of the regional Court of Law in České Budějovice. The judicial records document criminal cases when the offender committed a bodily harm crime according to § 221 of the penal code. The research was also focused on the circumstances of the crime commission, such as presence of alcohol or aggression.
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Prostitution as a Social Problem
ROZUMOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor is focused on the problems with prostitution. The theoretical part consider the concept of prostitution and its reason, historical evolution, forms of prostitution, social-pathological problems related with prostitution. Last capter of this part pay attention to the criminal, health and legal consequences of the prostitution. Research part is focused on women that prostitute in night clubs in border region of south Czech.
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Serious crime impaired
HLUŠKO, Oldřich
The aim of my bachelor work is to map the problems of crime related to the distribution and the use of drugs over the last eleven years. The problems of drug related crime involve many contradictory attitudes, opinions and conflicts in the field of academy, politics and medicine as well as the public opinion of citizens. That is why the aim is not to map this complicated phenomenon in a comprehensive way, but to use the form of a brief survey of chosen crimes that I consider to be serious offences under the influence of drugs and in connection with their use. My bachelor work should be in service of students alone or other readers as the source of data related to these wide-ranging problems. In my bachelor work I would like to map the relation between the distribution of drugs and the subsequent crimes, committed under their influence. An ordinary citizen has a relatively slight chance to get acquainted with the up-to-date drug statistics. He or she stays depended on the occasional and rather exceptional news in daily newspapers and magazines. The occurrence of drug related problems cannot be eliminated by education, within the widest meaning of the word, or prevention, or the most sophisticated legislative acts. However, precautions performed in a large number of social groups (family, school, sport and cultural offer, media, health institutions{\dots}) can reduce the number of users as well as the risks associated with the use. That is why I concentrated on the mapping of serious crime in connection with the use of narcotic and psychotropic substances. The work can serve as a survey for students as well as for lecturers teaching at universities so they could study the problems of drug related crime and subsequently design effective precautions either in the form of preventively training actions, or as a valuable piece of knowledge used in practice by the students of Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. This work can also provide valuable material for evaluation of the present development of given area as well as the prediction of the future development. Quantitative research was selected as a method of work. Secondary data analysis served as a source of information, which was provided by CR Police-District Headquarters in Český Krumlov, the division of statistics, the Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of Justice of the Czech Republic. On the basis of findings presented in my bachelor work it is possible to expect another growth of drug related crime in the future. It could be said that the drug related crime will considerably influence the development of general crime, not only in terms of quality but also in terms of quantity.
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