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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells
 Beránková, Pavla ; Libusová, Lenka (advisor) ; Bařinka, Cyril (referee)
Membraneless organelles (MLOs) are a newly described type of cellular compartments. They consist of protein and nucleic acid molecules that undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). MLOs are able to fulfill unique biological roles, because they are highly dynamic and their composition can be effectively regulated. Composition and function of these formations are swiftly being elucidated. The work summarizes the basic principles of LLPS in living organisms and further focuses on several types of MLOs functionally connected to microtubules (MTs). Their recurrent feature is the ability to nucleate MTs. This eventual role corresponds well with their high temporal and spatial dynamics.
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Membraneless organelles - physiological functions and experimental techniques of their study
 Bašta, Miroslav ; Bařinka, Cyril (advisor) ; Humhalová, Tereza (referee)
Membraneless organelles, also called biomolecular condensates or protein droplets, are liquid spheric bodies present in an every cell compartment. Their composition and density is only slightly different from their surroundings. They consist of hundreds of types of proteins and nucleic acids and they are responsible for various biological functions. They are formed via liquid-liquid phase separation that creates a phase boundary in a solution of macromolecules in order to decrease the low free energy of the system. This process is initiated by external stress, internal cell processes or mutations in DNA. There are many identified types of membraneless organelles and each year there are more added on the list. Their functions include localization of macromolecules and related biochemical reactions, tuning of biochemical reactions and transport of macromolecules throughout the cell. This thesis presents a brief summary of the topic of membraneless organelles with several specific examples and very briefly describes several selected methods of their study.
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