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Identification of the lables used on the PET bottles for recycling
Zoufalá, Anna ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
Among the most significant sources of contamination in PET recycling belong their labels. The labels of PET bottles are composed of various materials, but the manufacturers are not obligated to declare the labels materials. From the point of view of PET recycling, PVC and PETG labels represent the biggest problem, because they cannot easily be separated from PET, and even a small amount can compromise the end-product of recycling. Therefore, this thesis deals with the identification of labels from PET bottles designated for recycling. For their identification was used FTIR-ATR spectrometer. The analysis revealed that PVC and PETG are frequently used as label materials. In many cases the analysis failed and only used additives could be identified.
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Influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on soil properties
Zoufalá, Anna ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
This masters thesis deals with the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on soil properties. Even though synthetic nanoparticles pose potential environmental risk, their impact on the environment is not researched enough. TiO2 nanoparticles are one of the most used and widespread nanoparticles and contamination of the environment with these nanoparticles is inevitable. One of the properties, thanks to which these nanoparticles are used, is the possibility of photocatalysis when the nanoparticles are illuminated with light in the UV wavelength. During this process, especially in the presence of water, highly reactive radicals are formed, which can oxidize organic compounds, which is mainly used for the degradation of organic pollutants. Therefore it is possible that in soil contaminated with TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalytic degradation of soil organic matter could occur. On the other hand, it is possible that polymerization reactions occur too. Thus the aim of this work is to clarify which processes occur after irradiating soil contaminated with TiO2 nanoparticles. To asses the impact of TiO2 nanoparticles and UV irradiation were caried out experiments during which soil contaminated with TiO2 nanoparticles was irradiated at different humidities. These samples were analyzed using thermogravimetry and FTIR spectrometry. No changes caused by TiO2 nanoparticles and UV light were detectable using thermogravimetry. Data acquired from FTIR spectrometry were processed using two different statistical methods – correlation analysis and principal components analysis. Correlation analysis was found not to be suitable method of data evaluation for the purpose of this work. Principal components analysis proved, that higher concentration of nanoparticles (5 wt. %) in combination with UV light does have impact on the composition of soil organic matter and its decomposition occurs mainly.
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Identification of the lables used on the PET bottles for recycling
Zoufalá, Anna ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
Among the most significant sources of contamination in PET recycling belong their labels. The labels of PET bottles are composed of various materials, but the manufacturers are not obligated to declare the labels materials. From the point of view of PET recycling, PVC and PETG labels represent the biggest problem, because they cannot easily be separated from PET, and even a small amount can compromise the end-product of recycling. Therefore, this thesis deals with the identification of labels from PET bottles designated for recycling. For their identification was used FTIR-ATR spectrometer. The analysis revealed that PVC and PETG are frequently used as label materials. In many cases the analysis failed and only used additives could be identified.
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