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Determinants of Crime in Eastern Europe with a Focus on Czechia and Slovakia
Umlaufová, Anna ; Kalabiška, Roman (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
This study examines whether determinants of crime, hypothesized in the eco- nomic theory of crime and tested in other global regions, also explain crime rates in Eastern Europe, which is often excluded in existing research. Using fixed effects estimation and controlling for social cohesion and law enforcement, the results suggest that increases in income per capita have a negative effect on homicide and violent crime, but the effect on sexual and property crimes is mixed. Furthermore, the significance and sign of the impact of income in- equality and unemployment differ across individual crimes. This study also investigates crime determinants specifically in Czechia and Slovakia. Contrary to the cross-country analysis, there appears to be little connection between aggregate income and the regional distribution of crime, indicating the impor- tance of social rather than economic factors. JEL Classification K42, O15, O52, P20, C23 Keywords Crime, Income distribution, Eastern Europe, Panel Data, Czechia, Slovakia Title Determinants of Crime in Eastern Europe with a Focus on Czechia and Slovakia
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Does Foreign Aid Decrease Inequality? Evidence from the Most Recent Data
Umlaufová, Anna ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pleticha, Petr (referee)
Income inequality is an alarming issue affecting especially developing countries, yet very scarce attention is paid to how it is influenced by development aid. This study investigates the relationship, focusing on modern approaches to foreign assistance which have changed considerably since 1999. With a sample of 123 developing countries, the effect is estimated using both static and dynamic panel data techniques while controlling for the Kuznets curve. The results show that robust to method and functional form, development aid neither improves nor worsens inequality. Nonetheless, estimating the model for specific groups of countries in the sample yields different, statistically significant results, while also depending on political environment. JEL Classification D31, F35, C23 Keywords Inequality, Foreign Aid, Panel Data Title Does Foreign Aid Decrease Inequality? Evi- dence from the Most Recent Data Author's e-mail anna.umlaufova9@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail jaromir.baxa@fsv.cuni.cz
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