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Differences in behavior and sociability depending on environmental enrichment in a rat model of autism
Tučková, Klára ; Petrásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Svoboda, Jan (referee)
Autism spectrum disorders are among the most severe congenital neurodevelopmental disorders. Even though many known risk factors can induce ASD, the exact etiology is not known. This thesis focuses on different approaches to studying ASD in rodent models. The main goal of the experimental part of the thesis was to examine the manifestations of ASD in a rat genetic model of tuberous sclerosis (so-called Eker rat) and to determine the effect of different housing environments on autistic phenotype. The animals were studied for one year. We performed three series of behavioral tests at the age of 45, 90 and 365 days. Testing was focused on assessment of exploration, anxiety, and sociality. Our results showed that the activity in the open field was higher in young Eker rats. The anxiety displayed in the elevated plus maze was reduced in rats kept in an enriched environment. In social interaction, the enriched environment significantly increased self-grooming. We observed less complex self-grooming in Eker rats housed without environmental enrichment. Ultrasound communication varied significantly with age. We confirmed that the enriched environment had a significant effect on the behavior of rats, but we observed no strong differences in behavior caused by the Eker genotype. Key words: autism, Eker,...
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Social behavior and communication in a laboratory rat and autism models
Tučková, Klára ; Petrásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pohanová, Petra (referee)
Social behavior of the brown rat as an animal living in a hierarchical collonies is very diverse and developed, which remains the same with the domestic laboratory rat. Rats communicate not only via odors, but also via various types of vocalizations, which express stress, pain or anxiety or on the other hand positive emotions and also communication during any social contact. Because of complex social behaviour and communication, rat is a suitable model organism for research of human mental disorders such as autism. This thesis gives an overview of natural social behaviour of rats, behavioural methods used for testing of animal models and describes selected rat models of autism induced through various types of interference (natural mutation, gene inactivation, virus infection and chemical disruption of brain development) and compares their impact at the level of rat behaviour. Key words Rat, social behaviour, communication, vocalization, experimantal tasks, model organism, autism, models of autism
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Social behavior and communication in a laboratory rat and autism models
Tučková, Klára ; Petrásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pohanová, Petra (referee)
Social behavior of the brown rat as an animal living in a hierarchical collonies is very diverse and developed, which remains the same with the domestic laboratory rat. Rats communicate not only via odors, but also via various types of vocalizations, which express stress, pain or anxiety or on the other hand positive emotions and also communication during any social contact. Because of complex social behaviour and communication, rat is a suitable model organism for research of human mental disorders such as autism. This thesis gives an overview of natural social behaviour of rats, behavioural methods used for testing of animal models and describes selected rat models of autism induced through various types of interference (natural mutation, gene inactivation, virus infection and chemical disruption of brain development) and compares their impact at the level of rat behaviour. Key words Rat, social behaviour, communication, vocalization, experimantal tasks, model organism, autism, models of autism
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The development of motor skills in children with Autistic spectrum disorders
TUČKOVÁ, Klára
The main goal of the bachelor thesis "Development of motor skills of children with Autism Spectrum disorders" was to create instructional material and verify its validity in practice. In connection with this objective, research questions were focused on the respondents' physical level and their favourite activities. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts, namely the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part has a total of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the definition of Autism Spectrum Disorders. The second and third chapters deal with the definition of motor skills, its divisions and problems associated with movement skills and this diagnosis. The last chapter is about motor skills in the educational process. The practical part defines the main objective and research issues related to the set goal. The research design for this work is a case study where the respondents were selected according to the set criteria. The method of participating observations and interviews was used to collect data. Case study has shown that pupils with Autism Spectrum Disorders have limited motor skills, but it is possible to work on it with an individual approach to improve them slightly or at least maintain them on the same level. In addition, research shows that the popularity of physical activity depends on the interests of the individual. Therefore, child interests have to be taken into account for the right selection of activities.
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