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The role of paediatric nurses in the prevention of chronic respiratory diseases of children with a focus on prevention of parents' smoking
TRUČKOVÁ, Zdeňka
Abstract Objective: The research study is to characterize the nurses´ role in the prevention of chronic respiratory disease, focusing on smoking prevention. The next objective is to raise awareness among parents about the negative impacts of smoking on the health of their children. It was then established, how many informations have got parents smokers about adverse effect on the health of their children. In relation to these objectives was established six research questions. The way of achieving the objective: To achieve the objectives a method of qualitative research was chosen, which was implemented through in-depth interviews. On the basis of specified research questions were created individual categories for getting answers to the research questions. It was elected a methode of intentional choice. Survey research took place in outpatient offices in the districts Znojmo and Brno Venkov. 10 parents smokers and 10 nourses agreed to be interwieved through using a method of anonymous questioning. Scientific benefits: A research study presents an overview of the impact of smoking on the health of children, the possibilities for intervention in the prevention of chronic diseases of children and and helping their parents smokers in the treatment of tobacco dependence. It will find application in primarily preventive and inpatient care as well. The knowledges gained and their conclusions: Baby nurse has important and irreplaceable role in the healthy development of children and in the prevention of risks to their health. Risk behaviour of children and youth is currently a serious social problem. The educational efforts has to be directed to change lifestyle and its components and is connected with the support of health. The results of our investigation shows that parents smokers often underestimate the influence smoking on the health of their children and are not very willing to do something for children. Parents also underestimate the effect of passive smoking, even though most of them have sufficient information about the risks. Whereas, children usually can't decide on environment, where they live, health professionals would aim interventions to protect children including the unborn ones. Question of health education is included in the nurse´s competences and is ordered to the doctors and nurses by law. It is therefore desirable that paramedics, having used their authority, increase their efforts and interventions to promote non-smoking. Nurse can help the patient with motivation and treatment their addiction and intervene according to recommendations based on scientific evidences. To a short 10 minute intervention has nurse opportunity apply in every contact with the patient, during his visit at doctor´s office or at the hospital in the pacients admitted to hospital. At least ask about smoking and give the smokers clear recommandation how to stop smoking and offer clear advice to the treatment referred in the brochure, with information of the harmful effects of smoking on the health of children. Use for practice: The conclusions were accepted in the scientific magazine Pediatry for practice and magazine Florence.
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The nurse s role in the context of preventive examinations in the office of general practitioner for children and adolescents
TRUČKOVÁ, Zdeňka
Primary care in the health sector is an important part of an effective and functional health care system of every country. It represents the key factor for maintaining good health of the Czech Republic population. It is mainly the pediatricians and pediatric nurses who are irreplacable in their role. They provide health care for children along with assisting with the acquirement of correct habits in taking care of one's health to ensure a long and good quality life. Health education is of great significance especially with children and youth where appropriate monitoring of their health state and development is a necessary precondition for them to embark successfully on their journey of life. The main aim of the thesis is to determine the role of nurses in routine checkups of children and youth and to describe the content and rules of these checkups according to the Czech legislation. Another goal is to describe, based on legislative sources, the changing role of the pediatric nurse since 1990.Firstly, it was necessary to trace down the development of the discipline by means of changes in the legislation. Secondly, the reflection of these changes in professional literature was captured, primarily with respect to prevention. The crucial, concluding part of the paper focuses on how the above mentioned factors affect the form of routine checkups and the nurse's role in them. It also mentions important particulars of routine checkups, such as vaccination, monitoring psychomotor development, or assessing nourishment. The research paper is composed as a theoretical review thesis. For the purpose of the bachelor thesis, qualitative research survey has been used employing the method of secondary analysis of relevant sources. It is a systematic own research with bibliographical sources. After an analysis of the obtained data their synthesis followed, then comparation and assessment. Bibliographial research on the studied issues is based on scientific publications and Czech legislation. The bachelor thesis describes the changing role of the pediatric nurse since the initial phases of nursing care, the way pediatric nurses have been trained and what their role has been in primary preventive pediatric care and education on health. Furthermore, it deals with the changing competence and image of the pediatric nurse. Cooperation with the pediatrician is crucial, as well as building a relationship with both the child and the parents. Act no. 96/2004 Coll., on paramedical jobs, specifies the conditions for gaining and recognizing the competence to perform paramedical jobs and imposes the obligation for lifelong learning. The responsibilities and competence of the pediatric nurse to perform the specialized job is given in Decree no. 55/2011 Coll. of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, on the activities of medical staff and other specialized workers. This decree enables nurses to assume higher competence which entails higher quality and expertness of the job and therefore a requirement for specialized professional and higher education of the nurses. The particular activities of the pediatric nurse are defined by § 51 of the Decree no. 424/2004 Coll., on the activities of medical staff and other specialized workers. In the general practice of a pediatrician, the pediatric nurse provides complex medical treatment, preventive and therapeutic care to children from birth until the age of 19. Routine checkups of children and youth are defined legislatively by Decree no. 70/2012 Coll., on routine checkups. It delineates the content and schedule of the routine checkups of children and youth. Mandatory vaccination is part of the routine checkups. The significance of the routine checkups of children and youth is often underrated by the general public.
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