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Induction of innate immune response against intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Myslivcová Fučíková, Alena (referee)
Background: The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe Francisella tularensis and activation of innate immunity during host infection. Main findings: The main findings of the work include the method of recognition of F. tularensis via Toll-like receptors, the production of cytokines and chemokines and the subsequent involvement of other components of innate immunity, including neutrophils, NK cells, or humoral components of the immune response, which also includes complement. The information is based on a number of studies performed mainly on mouse models. Conclusions: The intracelullar bacterium F. tularensis is known to cause tularemia. Its high infectivity, together with the high risk of death in the lung form, raises great concerns about the misuse of this bacterium as a biological weapon. To date, not all of its mechanisms of pathogenesis are known, which is a major problem in the development of effective vaccines. The induction of innate immunity appears to be very important in the host's defense against F. tularensis. However, despite several decades of research, the mechanisms of F. tularensis involved in host cell manipulation, including the regulation of the induction of immune response to F. tularensis infection, have still not been fully elucidated. Key words: Francisella...
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American Foreign Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of Khmer Rouge
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
Gabriela Sommerová Americká politika v Kambodži a vzestup Rudých Khmerů U.S. Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of the Khmer Rouge Abstract Following the outbreak of the Cold War, the United States of America established strong ties with Cambodia in order to prevent the spread of communism in Indochina. The U.S. policy in Cambodia significantly influenced the internal development of Cambodia and contributed to the rise of the Khmer Rouge, one of the most atrocious regimes in modern history. This thesis, "U.S. Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of the Khmer Rouge", deals with U.S.-Cambodian relations and their development between 1963-1973. It focuses on U.S. aid in Cambodia, the evolution of U.S.-Cambodia diplomatic relations, U.S. participation in the overthrow of the Cambodian head of state, and U.S. military operations in Cambodia during the Vietnam War. Through historical analysis of significant milestones in the United States' and Cambodia's common history, this thesis evaluates the legitimacy of the United States' policy in Cambodia with regard to political development in Cambodia. The aim of the thesis is to compare the ways in which U.S. and Cambodian foreign policy of the 1960s and 1970s influenced the internal development of Cambodia and enabled the Khmer Rouge to seize power.
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Induction of innate immune response against intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Myslivcová Fučíková, Alena (referee)
Background: The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe Francisella tularensis and activation of innate immunity during host infection. Main findings: The main findings of the work include the method of recognition of F. tularensis via Toll-like receptors, the production of cytokines and chemokines and the subsequent involvement of other components of innate immunity, including neutrophils, NK cells, or humoral components of the immune response, which also includes complement. The information is based on a number of studies performed mainly on mouse models. Conclusions: The intracelullar bacterium F. tularensis is known to cause tularemia. Its high infectivity, together with the high risk of death in the lung form, raises great concerns about the misuse of this bacterium as a biological weapon. To date, not all of its mechanisms of pathogenesis are known, which is a major problem in the development of effective vaccines. The induction of innate immunity appears to be very important in the host's defense against F. tularensis. However, despite several decades of research, the mechanisms of F. tularensis involved in host cell manipulation, including the regulation of the induction of immune response to F. tularensis infection, have still not been fully elucidated. Key words: Francisella...
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Predicting Conflicts via Maternal Mortality Rates? Human Security and the Emergence of Armed Conflict
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Bruner, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis provides a fact-based examination of the relevance of assumptions concerning the relationship of human insecurity and the emergence of conflict. This is done with a quantitative analysis of cross-country data on human insecurity and conflict during the period of 1990 - 2010. The approach of the thesis steps beyond the prevailing discussions on human security focused on normative judgements on the nature, legitimacy or applicability of the concept. Through a statistical analysis, it challenges the use of uncontested and ungraspable, yet influential, narratives of human security that result in implementation of inadequately informed programs and policies aimed at prevention of conflict by the international community and other actors. The analysis finds that a random set of indicators of human security, rather than human security as a concept, are related to conflict emergence. As a result, the thesis suggests surpassing the preoccupation with the use and application of the concept and instead accentuates inductive approach to formulating evidence-based conflict-prevention programs inspired by the ideas of human security rather than reasoned by the concept of human security. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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American Foreign Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of Khmer Rouge
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
Gabriela Sommerová Americká politika v Kambodži a vzestup Rudých Khmerů U.S. Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of the Khmer Rouge Abstract Following the outbreak of the Cold War, the United States of America established strong ties with Cambodia in order to prevent the spread of communism in Indochina. The U.S. policy in Cambodia significantly influenced the internal development of Cambodia and contributed to the rise of the Khmer Rouge, one of the most atrocious regimes in modern history. This thesis, "U.S. Policy in Cambodia and the Rise of the Khmer Rouge", deals with U.S.-Cambodian relations and their development between 1963-1973. It focuses on U.S. aid in Cambodia, the evolution of U.S.-Cambodia diplomatic relations, U.S. participation in the overthrow of the Cambodian head of state, and U.S. military operations in Cambodia during the Vietnam War. Through historical analysis of significant milestones in the United States' and Cambodia's common history, this thesis evaluates the legitimacy of the United States' policy in Cambodia with regard to political development in Cambodia. The aim of the thesis is to compare the ways in which U.S. and Cambodian foreign policy of the 1960s and 1970s influenced the internal development of Cambodia and enabled the Khmer Rouge to seize power.
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The impacts of amendment of the property tax law on the example of chosen municipalities
Sommerová, Gabriela ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Holubářová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with impacts of amendment of the property tax law in municipalities located in the district Prague-West Dolní Břežany, Davle and Buš using all of the authority and suitable setting of local coefficient which has been set up by property tax law. The first part of thesis is focused on municipal management especially on municipal budget revenues. There is detail description of property tax -- object and base of tax and exemption from tax, rates and coefficients and its legal amendments which took place in 2009 and 2010. The second part of thesis deals with property tax in Dolní Břežany, Davle and Buš. Firstly, there is examined budget revenues execution which is followed by analysis of the property tax of these municipalities and their comparison. The last part evaluates the impacts of law amendment from the point of view of the examined municipalities and it suggests another solution of implementation of local coefficient.
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