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The platelet aggreagability induced by low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine in patients with breast cancer.
Razimová, Jana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Background: Thrombosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. There are many blank spaces in our knowledge on the pathogenesis of cancer associated thrombosis. The sticky platelet syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by platelet hyperaggregability with low concentrations of ADP and/or epinephrine. The platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine has not yet been investigated in breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy. Aims of the study: Primary objective: To analyze the platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine in patients with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy using light transmission aggregometry and compare the results with the results of the platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers. To compare the proportion of patients fulfilling the laboratory criteria for sticky platelet syndrome with the proportion of healthy volunteers fulfilling these criteria. Secondary objectives: 1. To analyze the correlation of aggregation with low concentrations of inductors with the expression of P-selectin on the non stimulated platelets in the group of breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy and in the group of healthy volunteers. 2. To compare the expression of P-selectin on the non...
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Determination of the fatty acids composition in selected shortenings
RAZIMOVÁ, Jana
The objective of this work is to get acquainted with methods for determination of fatty acids profile, especially with gas chromatography using the flame ionization detector and the mass spectrometer. The first part of the work deals with lipids classification, summary of fatty acids and their properties. It contains also a draft of edible fats division and their production. Other section deals with ways of determination of fatty acids in fats and puts the main emphasis on gas chromatography. The second part deals with the determination of fatty acids in selected shortening fats (Hera, Stela, Zlatá Haná, Sluna, Perla máslová, Flora, Rama máslová, Alfa máslová) in practice. Three measurements were taken at three months intervals. There were taken three samples from each fat during each sampling, it means 72 samples were taken in total. Samples had to be adjusted to increase their volatility. In this case specifically the esterification was made where fatty acids were transformed into fatty acids methyl esters. The measurement was made by the flame chromatograph using the flame ionization detector and the mass spectometer. For final samples evaluation softwares MS Worsktations 6.9, Microsoft Excel ? Statistical programs and software Statistica by Stat Soft ČR, s.r.o. were used. The prevailing fatty acid in all fats is oleic acid. Another acid widely presented in all fats is palmitoleic acid. The only exception is fat Flora where linoleic acid has the biggest percentage. Fatty acids typical for milk fat (butyric and caproic acids, TFA and acids with odd number of carbon atoms (C15 a C17)) are chiefly presented in fat Zlatá Haná. In other fats these fatty acids are found just in small quantities. By comparing single samplings it becomes clear that they are more or less different. The reason of these differences lies probably in fats mixing. That is why during production some small differences in their composition may occur. The principal komponent analysis shows that Zlatá Haná is the most different fat. The reason is that this fat contains the most fatty acids typical for milk fat. Another separate group is represented by fat Flora where the biggest quantity of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid) can be found. Fats Stela and Sluna have very similar fatty acids compositions, the prevailing fatty acids are oleic acid and palmitoleic acid. That is also the case of Perla máslová and Rama máslová where even linoleic acid was found in quite a big quantity.
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