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Community area risk assessment for flash flood
Kolejka, Jaromír ; Rapant, P. ; Krejčí, Tomáš
The flash floods forecasting is struggling mainly with extraordinary irregularities in origin of causal precipitations. They only in conjunction with the territory water saturation caused by antecedent precipitations start effect of other local factors that can consequences of short-term extreme precipitation either worsen or mitigate vice versa. Other community area features represent a permanent potential for an adequate territory response after heavy rains. According to current knowledge, it is possible to assess the flash floods hazard of a particular territory in case of extreme precipitation in advance. If such precipitations are already on the ground, or if they are just coming up in the atmosphere, the local flood control headquarters has at least time enough to call alarm and issue a flood warning. In the ideal case, it is possible to incorporate such area assessment into the concept of decision-making of the disaster staff and to insert it into the master plan documentation. The aim of this text is to present above mentioned original method, which can be used in authomatic GIS environment by public administration as well as other users. Suggested procedure is based on automatic hydrologic modelling in ArcGIS platform in combination with advanced digital terrain model. Delimitation of partial catchment basins is also part of our proces, which enables to decide about the risk value of the area in more detail using weighted arithmetic mean. These methods result to detailed imagination about probably threatened localities - and it is essential tool for local authorities and their decision making process in case of early warning.
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Ontologies as an instrument for a design of data models of selected themes of the INSPIRE directive
Čerba, Otakar ; Čepek, Aleš (advisor) ; Rapant, Petr (referee) ; Feranec, Ján (referee)
It turns out that for most users of spatial data presents a harmonization of data (as an elimination of heterogeneity) as the greatest problem - a transformation their own data sets to the data specifications produced by the INSPIRE Directive so as not to limit current processes processing, management, sharing and presentation of data. Therefore, they need the widest possible description of spatial data, because it will only eliminate the problems of heterogeneity. The author of this Ph.D. thesis dealt with the opportunities which ontologies bring to the process of data modelling. The aim was to describe using ontologies the selected part (classification systems) of data models of spatial data themes "Land Cover" and "Land Use" which are defined in Annexes II and III of the INSPIRE directive. Developed ontologies serve as a source of information on classification systems. Their evaluation (so-called reasoning) will provide new information (relationships between taxonomy elements) that play an important role in the transformation process of classification systems as part of the harmonization of spatial data. Creating of ontologies consisted of three main steps - selection of appropriate methodology, development of a basic ontology structure and iterative process of populating and specification of...
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Regional and flash flood as a limiting factor for development
Kolejka, Jaromír ; Krejčí, Tomáš ; Rapant, P. ; Inspektor, T.
Locating and developing factors are generally well known, studied and taken into account in the accepting of the solution. In contrast, the limiting factors of development usually stands in the background. Current data sources, knowledge and modelling technologies allow greatly anticipate the extent of the flood situation. Evaluation of the risk of regional or flash floods is not discouraging information for investors, but rather to guide their activities to a safe area. Knowledge of risk locations in the Czech Republic in terms of these types of floods also help for the safety of visitors and the local population. Appropriately incorporated findings into the development plans of all dimensions support the initiatives of local and external investors. The paper illustrates the unconventional use of public available geodata in the form of an offer vital information into regional development plans.
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The GIS support to measures on the ground in case of leakage of liquid pollutant on the road
Kolejka, Jaromír ; Rapant, P. ; Zapletalová, Jana
Accidents on roads associated with the leakage of hazardous substances are one of the major challenges encountered by disaster management. Because of the impossibility of predicting the place and time of the event, then it is necessary in the event of such an accident to proceed in quick succession of steps. They are designed primarily to protect human life and health, and then to minimize to property and environment damage. The paper describes the response to this event using GIS tools and generally available geodata. The simulated accident on the D1 highway near Ostrava is applied as a demonstration example.
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The possibilities of flash floods prediction
Rapant, P. ; Kolejka, Jaromír ; Inspektor, T. ; Batelková, Kateřina ; Zapletalová, Jana ; Kirchner, Karel
Flash floods are very important natural phenomenon today, which is devoted considerable attention in the general public, the media, the public administration system in the professional community The main characteristic of flash floods from the perspective of crisis management is the short time between the cause (torrential precipitation) and the result (flooding of the territory and the emergence of major damages or even loss of life). Right the shortness of time implies that to save lives it is necessary to obtain a warning of impending danger in the shortest possible time after the cause. To do this, a new methodology that enables to identify streams, which may be the subject of intense water runoff and thus manifestations of flash floods was created (Rapant, et al., 2015).
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