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Taboo words and diphthongs in Dutch
Kijonková, Jana ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Van der Horst, Joop (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to verify the hypothesis of Camiel Hamans who claims that words with taboo meaning did not undergo the diphthongization process. This means that they avoided, unlike other words, the phonetic change from monophthongs /i/, /ü/ and /u/ to diphthongs /ei/, / ü/ and / u/ respectively. These words became less frequent due to their taboo meaning, which caused their inability to undergo this phonetic change. The process of this change that spread gradually from one word to other words is called lexical diffusion. There is a possibility that Hamans' hypothesis can be refuted, and drawing on an analysis of a corpus of words with taboo meaning, we will come to conclusions that will help us support or refute it.
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Dutch language in the Netherlands and Flanders: reporting about language in Dutch and Flemish press
Zikmundová, Vladimíra ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to describe the language attitudes of journalists in the Dutch and Flemish press on the corpus of newspaper articles from both areas. Subsequently, the Dutch and Flemish attitudes are compared with each other. The theoretical part explains the diversity of the Dutch language in both areas. Firstly, it traces the history of the Dutch language in the Netherlands and Flanders from the splitting of the Netherlands and Flanders in the sixteenth century until today. It also shows that language is closely related to the identity of each person. Description of the language attitudes and of the language attitudes research follows. Firstly, attitudes are defined and then their components and their base are described. Research on language attitudes may be made using different methods. Examples of specific research into language attitudes are here, as well as methods of research, which are also described. In the next part of the thesis the goal is set, the hypothesis is established, and the method of working with the material is introduced. Articles are analyzed using the Content Analysis method. Then, the clipping service of The Nederlandse Taalunie is presented. This service helps to collect articles about the language of the Netherlands and Flanders. Since not all articles...
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Dutch Language of the 21st Century. Changes in Vocabulary
Kopecká, Zuzana ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to analyse the lexical aspect of the contemporary Dutch language, particularly the influence of foreign languages on the state of Dutch advertising language. A short summary of the changes in language throughout the 20th century is described in the first part of the thesis. The chapters which follow are dedicated to the current specifics of the Dutch vocabulary and the current possibilities of its expanding, including the problematics,of lexical borrowings in Dutch. The specific aspects of advertising and its language also have to be introduced because of the possible consequences on the results of the analysis. In the practical part of the thesis, the own corpus, methodology and hypothesis are presented on the basis of the described secondary literature. Finally, the corpus analysis follows where all relevant results of the lexical analysis are discussed, both qualitatively and partly quantitatively.
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Grammatical description and analysis of intrasentential codeswitching between Dutch and English
Rezková, Iva ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Nortier, Jacomine (referee) ; Vismans, Roel (referee)
in English This dissertation deals with one form of language contact in today's Dutch: the 'intrasentential codeswitching' between Dutch and English. The term 'intrasentential codeswitching' refers to such a bilingual situation in which the two languages have unequal roles: the so called matrix language (here: Dutch) determines the grammatical structure of codeswitching, and the so called embedded language (here: English) provides elements of various length which are inserted/embedded into the matrix frame. The definition of codeswitching which sees the phenomenon as a kind of insertion is based on Myers-Scotton's theories (1992, 2001, 2005) introduced in Matrix Language Frame Model (MLF-model). It is a structural model based on neuro- and psycho-linguistic research of language formation. The outcome of the research is a formulation of a set of grammatical hypotheses and principals which explain the codeswitching structure and which the author declares to be universally applicable to all language pairs. In this research, the Dutch-English codeswitching has been examined from a grammatical point of view. The research material consists of a written corpus, which contains 430 examples of Dutch-English mixed sentences. First of all, a morphological and syntactical analysis of the corpus has been...
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Dutch-Czech Parallel Corpus in linguistic studies and translation practice
Novotná, Kateřina ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
Resumé This thesis concerns the use of parallel Dutch-Czech corpus in linguistic research and translation practice. The advantages of the corpus-based approach are demonstrated on a research of formal translation equivalents of the Dutch present participle in Czech language. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical sections. The theoretical introduction begins with the theoretical and methodological framework of the research. Next, language corpora, especially parallel corpora, and the Czech project InterCorp are presented. There is also an introduction of the grammatical category of the present participle and its possible formal translation equivalents into Czech language. In the subsequent practical section, there is a hypothesis formulated and a procedure of research based on corpus data established. The hypothesis and research should verify or refute the hypothesis. Furthermore, all translation solutions are divided into categories according to the Dutch system of sentence constituents: the substantive, adjectival, proverbial, prepositional and verb constituents, whole (subordinate) clauses and translation omissions. The categories are further divided into subcategories and described. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the translation solutions takes place at the end of the practical...
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Classification of adjectives in Dutch
Vokáčová, Martina ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Ištván, Marcel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the semantics of Dutch adjectives, their categorization and internal classification. The first section observes and analyses the criteria for delimiting adjectives as an independent word class and establishing adjectival subcategories, as dictated by the most influential Dutch grammar publications. One key area of focus is the concept of gradability and its role in delimiting and classifying adjectives. These definitions and classifications are confronted using the scalar approach, according to which adjectives represent a scale of properties and may be sorted depending on which type of scale they express. The practical section comprises a corpus study whose aim is to examine the validity of the assumptions formulated in the theoretical introduction regarding the gradability of adjectives. Using a sample of 100 adjectival lemmas with the lowest coefficient value for the likelihood of gradability, acquired from the Dutch language corpora CGN and SoNaR, the study follows a set of morphological, syntactic, semantic and discourse variables which may warrant the use of the comparative or superlative even with adjectives which are generally considered to be ungradable. The results of the analysis suggest that it is more appropriate to regard gradability as a statistical...
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On the inherency priciple in contemporary Dutch
Kyslý, Martin ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to describe the phenomenon known as the Inherency Principle in the Dutch language from the perspective of a non-native speaker. The study focuses on research and analysis of how modern journalism incorporates grammatical rules, and specifically the application of the Inherency Principle within journalistic text. The study is based on a review of several newspaper articles from a range of news categories including current affairs; culture; comment; sport etc. The structure of the sentences within these texts is critically analysed and carefully assessed to identify if the practical use of language in journalism corresponds to the rules of the Inherency Principle as defined in The Algemene Nederlandse Spraakkunst (ANS). The ANS is considered to hold some of the most important and complex grammatical functions by both expert and non-native Dutch speakers. The Inherency Principle in particular is linked to a number of issues that are explored in this paper. The second chapter of the thesis outlines the theoretical basis of the Inherency Principle using two descriptive grammatical handbooks of the Dutch language, namely Algemene Nederlandse zin, by Haeseryn et. al. from 1997, and Grammatica van de Nederlandse zin, by Vandeweghe et. al. from 2004. The subsequent chapters...
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The existential use of "er" and the distribution of verbs in existential constructions
Frantál, Filip ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Ištván, Marcel (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to analyse the use of the Dutch word er in its existential function. The analysis is based not only on the definiti-on of the characteristics of this function but also on the distinction of common features and differences between the function and other used functions of the word. Er is also compared to the English exis-tential constructions with er which display certain similarities. A part of the attention is paid to other Dutch words with partially shared features, the so-called R-words. The analysis of verbs which can be used in existential constructions is considered one of the most im-portant aims of the thesis with minor attention to the reference of the real subject and the type of adver bials in the constructions. The second part contains an analysis of examples taken from selec-ted works of fiction based on the findings from the theoretical part. These examples serve to illustrate the conditions of the use of er in existential constructions with regards to the distribution of verbs. With the help of there, various options of translation to English are examined Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Classification of adjectives in Dutch
Vokáčová, Martina ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Ištván, Marcel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the semantics of Dutch adjectives, their categorization and internal classification. The first section observes and analyses the criteria for delimiting adjectives as an independent word class and establishing adjectival subcategories, as dictated by the most influential Dutch grammar publications. One key area of focus is the concept of gradability and its role in delimiting and classifying adjectives. These definitions and classifications are confronted using the scalar approach, according to which adjectives represent a scale of properties and may be sorted depending on which type of scale they express. The practical section comprises a corpus study whose aim is to examine the validity of the assumptions formulated in the theoretical introduction regarding the gradability of adjectives. Using a sample of 100 adjectival lemmas with the lowest coefficient value for the likelihood of gradability, acquired from the Dutch language corpora CGN and SoNaR, the study follows a set of morphological, syntactic, semantic and discourse variables which may warrant the use of the comparative or superlative even with adjectives which are generally considered to be ungradable. The results of the analysis suggest that it is more appropriate to regard gradability as a statistical...
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At the boundary between lexical and grammatical aspect: an eye tracking study
Kořenář, Michal ; Friedová, Mirjam (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
I malé změny v Gramatický a lexikální aspekt jsou dva příklady kategorií, které se na této mentální reprezentaci podílí. Pomocí těchto kategorií vytváříme mentální koncepty, pomocí opujeme naše prožívání místa a času. Tato studie zkoumá interakci lexikálního a gramatického vidu a jak se tato interakce odráží na charakteru očních pohybů u mluvčích nizozemštiny. Bylo užito 04). Byly měřeny oční pohyby 20 rodilých mluvčí nizozemštiny, během toho, co sledovali bílou obrazovku bez jakýchkoliv explicitních obrazových stimulů a poslouchali věty vytvořené s ohledem na různé kombinace lexikálního a gramatického vidu. Užité paradigma simuluje případy z běžného života, kdy lidé pasivně poslouchají mluvenou řeč bez doprovodné vizuální složky. Tato studie nabízí důkazy, že gramatický a lexikální aspekt ovlivňují celou řadu očních pohybů. Tato práce je hodnotným rozšířením naší znalosti o psycholingvistické realitě vidu v nizozemštině, tomto ohledu věnována dostatečná pozornost. Výsledky tohoto výzkumu vnáší nové světlo do probíhající diskuse o tom, zda i tak abstraktní ává měřitelné stopy v našem senzomotorickém systému, a zda je schopný ho ovlivňovat. Navíc tato studie otevírá dveře dalšímu výzkumu zaměřenému na spojení mezi jazykem a mozkovými drahami, které se podílí na zpracování vjemových stimulů. klíčová slova:...
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